Objective To determine the dietary nutritional status of rural residents in Midwestern Shandong Province,in order to improve the dietary pattern and health status of them.Method 11 987 residents,from 10 273 households,were included in this study by multi-stage randomized cluster sampling in 8 counties located in Midwestern Shandong Province.Questionnaire of Food Frequency (QFF) was applied to collect the information about the amount and frequency of food consumed by the subjects in the past year.Results The average intake of cereal,vegetable,fruit,meat,egg,milk,bean,oil and salt per reference man per day was 553.9 g,310.6 g,58.2 g, 36.3 g,50.1 g,16.7 g,34.4 g,44.8 g and 12.3 g,respectively.The average intake of energy,carbohydrate,protein,fat and dietary fiber per reference man per day was 12 095.6 kJ,451.8 g,85.6 g,78.8 g and 18.7 g as well Cereal food provides 66.1% of total energy; however,the meat provides only 6.6% of that.Carbohydrate,protein and fat amount to around 63.2%,12.0% and 24.8% of total energy, respectively.24.0% of fat intake was from animal food,while 76% of that was from vegetable food.Conclusions The intake of energy, protein,fat was sufficient for these subjects;however,the intake of vegetable,fruit,bean and meat was lower than the dietary reference intake.Moreover,oil and salt intake in these subjects was much higher than Chinese Recommended Nutrient Intakes.Thus,the amelioration of dietary pattern in rural residents will be an important task for nutrition workers in rural area of Midwestern part of Shandong Province in the future.

Objective To determine the power-time-ablation scope correlogram of a water-cooled single needle electrode radiofrequency (RF) ablation system and to establish a theoretical basis for its practical application.Methods RF ablations were performed using a water-cooled single needle electrode radiofrequency ablation system developed by the authors using fresh ox liver as well as liver and muscles of healthy adult New Zealand white rabbits.The temperature of the ablation area was monitored using a multichannel thermometric system.The maximum ablation scope was determined by detecting the rim at which the temperature was no less than 50 °C.The specific absorption rate (SAR) of the isolated liver tissue was calculated.Results In the treatment voltage range of 100-130V,the process was smooth and steady.No impedance variation was obvious.The maximum diameter of a single ablation was 51 cm.With the treatment voltage at 140-170 V,a larger ablation area could be reached in less time,but eventually the impedance began to increase while the ablation area was no longer expanded.When the treatment voltage reached the range of 180-200 V the impedance almost always increased rapidly out of limits,and the treatment system stopped automatically.The measured SAR value was consistent with the theoretical value.Pathology confirmed that both liver tissue and muscle tissue manifested typical coagulative necrosis.Conclusions The power amplifier,cooling,thermometric and control sections of the RF ablation system worked stably,and the practical ablation effect met the design and clinical treatment requirements.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the applications of percutaneous screw fixation for the treatment of pelvic fractures and its related surgical considerations.

METHODSFrom June 2010 to June 2012,19 patients with pelvic fractures were treated with percutaneous hollow screws. There were 13 males and 6 females, with an average age of 41 years (ranged from 22 to 58 years). Fractures were caused by traffic accidents in 11 cases, by falling down from high place in 8 cases. Based on the Tile classification, there were 15 cases of Tile C type and 4 case of Tile B type. The indexes such as screw inserting time, intraoperative blood loss, complications, functional recovery and reduction conditions were observed. Fixation methods included sacroiliac screws, cannulated screw fixation of the pubic ramus and cannulated screw fixation of the pubic symphysis separation.

RESULTSAnatomical reduction achieved in 7 cases, satisfactory reduction 11 cases, and unsatisfactory reduction 1 case. Union time of fracture union ranged from 8 to 12 weeks (mean 10 weeks). Wound infection,ununion of fracture and nerve injuries were not found. According to the Majeed standards, 12 patients obtained an excellent results, 6 good and 1 fair.

CONCLUSIONPercutaneous screw fixation for the treatment of pelvic fractures under fluoroscopy has several advantages such as less trauma, less blood loss, fewer rates of complications, reliable fixation and no blood transfusion, which can reconstruct the stability of the pelvic ring, but it needs adequate preoperative preparation and high requirements for the surgeon.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Bone ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pelvic Bones ; diagnostic imaging ; injuries ; surgery ; Radiography ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the clinical feasibility of laparoscopic cool-tip radiofrequency ablation (LCRFA)for renal cell carcinoma. Methods Twelve selected cases of primary renal, ceil carcinoma underwent LCRFA. Of them, 4 cases of left renal carcinomas, 7 cases had right renal carci-nomas and 1 case had bilateral renal carcinomas. The maximum diameter of the tumors was 2.1-8. 5 era. Eleven cases were T, No M0 and the other one was T2 N0 M0. Results The mean operation time was 92±24 min, and the mean blood loss was 50±29 ml. None of the cases need blood transfusion post-operation. No laparoscopic operative complications were observed. Six weeks after operation, complete ablation was achieved in 12 lesions and partial ablation in 1, with a complete ablation rate of 92.3%(12/13). There was no statistic change of Hb. ESR. SCr and GFR after operations (P>0.05). Ten cases underwent CT examination 3 months after the treatment ,9 cases showed complete necrosis of tumor,1 case showed partial necrosis. No recurrence was found. All of the 12 cases remained sur-vived during the follow-up for 1-16 months(median,7.8 months). Conelusions LCRFA for renal cell carcinoma is an accurate and effective intervention with a low incidence of complications, and is more accurate than ultrasound-guided pereutaneous radiofrequency ablation.

From air bacteria capable of decomposing creatinine, three single independent strains K9510、K9511 and K9512 have been isolated. The highest creatinine amidohydrolase (EC 3. 5. 2. 10; creatininase) producing strain K9510 was screened out. The strain K9510 was identified as Pseudomonas sp. The results of culture condition for creatininase formation by strain K9510 were obtained as follows: creatinine and creatine were found to be the effective inducers for enzyme formation; the solution of mixed metallic salts could stimulate cell growth and enzyme formation. The suitable medium for creatininase formation was consisted of 0. 9% creatinine、0. 15% yeast extract、 0. 09% malt extract、0. 05% NH4Cl and some amount of the solution of mixed metallic salts at pH5 5. When the bacterium was grown in 250mL conic flask containing 50mL of the medium mentioned above on the rotary shaker(250r/min) at 35℃ for 33 h, about 50 u creatininase was obtained.

OBJECTIVETo research the application and clinical effect of titanium elastic nails (TEN) for the treatment of closed clavicular fracture in elder children.

METHODSFrom October 2010 to December 2012,16 elderly children with clavicular fracture of elder children were treated with internal fixation, including 9 boys and 7 girls with an average age of 14.2 yeats old ranging from 9 to 17 years. The mean time between injury and surgery was 2 to 6 days. Thirteen patients had a transverse fractures; 3 patients had a oblique fractures, excluding the long-oblique patients. Neer function score after 3 months follow-up and the shoulder activity degree after 3 weeks followed were compared respectively between the injured side and healthy side. Fracture reduction and healing were followed up by X-rays to analyze internal fixation with TEN technique.

RESULTSAll patients were healed well after surgery. There were 2 cases with soft tissue irritation. No cases of infection, TEN broken, delayed healing or skin bursting were observed. All patients were followed up for 3 to 10 months,with an average of 7.2 months. There were no significant differences (t=2.12, P>0.05) between the healthy side (98.75±2.70) and injured side(96.69±6.22)of Neer score at 3 months during followed up. The shoulder activity at 3 weeks during followed up was different between both sides (P<0.05). The intramedullary nail was removed after X-rays at 12-18 weeks during followed up showed good bone healing,and the shoulder function was recovered well.

CONCLUSIONInternal fixation with TEN for the treatment of clavicular fracture has advantages of a limited invasion, beauty, safety and reliability. This technique provides an ideal fixation option for the treatment of clavicular fracture in elder children.

Adolescent ; Bone Nails ; Child ; Clavicle ; injuries ; surgery ; Elasticity ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Titanium

Objective To investigate the titer stability of the harvest solution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2(SARS-CoV-2)at 2 ～ 8 ℃ and the inactivation effect of β-propiolactone inactivator on the virus.Methods Three batches of SARS-CoV-2 harvest solution(batch numbers:202111001,202111002 and 202111003)were stored at 2 ～ 8 ℃ for 12 d and sampled every 3 d(0,3,6,9 and 12 d)for detection of the titers by Karber method;Three batches of virus harvest solution equilibrated overnight at 2 ～ 8 ℃ were inactivated by adding β-propiolactone at a volume fraction of 1∶4 000 and detected for the titers at different inactivation time points(0,0.5,1,1.5,2,3,4,8,16 and 24 h),of which samples inactivated for 8,16 and 24 h were taken for inactivation verification,and samples inactivated for 24 h were observed by transmission electron microscope.Results The titers of SARS-CoV-2 decreased with the prolongation of storage time at 2 ～8 ℃,which showed no obvious decrease during 0 ～ 3 d,while decreased from the initial 7.75,6 and 7.5 lgCCID_(50)/mL to5.75,4.625 and 6.25 lgCCID_(50)/mL on day 12,indicating that the virus activity showed a gradual decrease trend at 2 ～8 ℃；With the inactivation time,the virus titer decreased continuously and could not be detected after inactivation for 3 h.Transmission electron microscope observation showed that the inactivated virus particles were intact and the spike protein was evenly distributed.Conclusion The virulence of SARS-CoV-2 stored at 2 ～ 8 ℃ was unstable,so the subsequent inactivation and purification process should be carried out as soon as possible;The titer of virus could not be detected after3 h of inactivation,which provided a reference for the determination of the inactivation process.

Objective To evaluate the safety and short-term efficacy of transrectal ultrasound-guided transperineal cryosurgical ablation(TRUSCSA) for localized prostate cancer. Methods The data of 26 patients who were diagnosed with clinically localized prostate cancer (T_(1a)N_0M_0 - T_(2x)N_0M_0) by biopsy were reviewed. The data of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, clinical stage and Gleason score were collected. The Gleason score of all cases was ≤7; among them 6 cases were 2 - 4 and 20 cases were 5 - 7. The average pretreatment value of PSA was 11. 9 ng/ml (4. 7 - 19. 2 ng/ml). All the patients were treated with TRUSCSA, with a dual freeze-thaw cycle by using ultrathin 17-gauge cryoneedles. Immediate and delayed morbidities were evaluated. The PSA level was obtained every 3 months for the first 2 years and then every 6 months thereafter, and failure was defined as the inability to reach a nadir of 0. 5 ng/ml or less. All patients were strongly encouraged to undergo routine biopsies despite a stable PSA level. Results The operative time was (102±32)min. The postoperative hospital stay was (6±2)d. After withdrawal of the catheter, 22 cases had good continence) 4 had temporary incontinence for 3 - 7 d. Before operation 9 cases had normal sex life, and among them 5 cases had erectile dysfunction after operation. No one developed urinary retention or urethro-rectal fistula. The follow-up ranged from 6 to 30 months (mean 22). The PSA level at the last follow up visit was less than 0. 5 ng/ml in 23 patients (88%) and 0. 5 ng/ml or more in 3(12%). Postoperative biopsies were taken in 20 cases and the results were negative at the 6th month. Conclusions Transrectal ultrasound-guided percutaneous cryosurgical ablation for clinically localized prostate cancer could be effective and safe. Additional studies with longer follow-up are necessary to determine the sustained efficacy of this procedure.

Objective To evaluate the application of non-bioartificial liver support system (ALSS) combined with liver transplantation(LT) in treating mid-or end-stage chronic severe hepati- tis.Methods ALSS plus liver transplantation were employed in treating 28 patients with mid-or end- stage chronic severe hepatitis.Clinical data from the patients before and after treatment were collect- ed.The survive rate of ALSS plus LT group were compared with that of medication group 99 cases and medication plus ALSS group 30 cases.The data were analyzed with t test and X~2 test.Results After 57 times ALSS treatment,the serum total bilirubin(TBil),prothromin time(PT),bile acid, blood urea nitrogen(BUN),creatnine(Cr) and ammonia of all the 28 patients got improved(P 0.05).The clinical symptoms and signs of the patients were ameliorated at median 3 d(1～153 d). All patients were bridged to liver transplantation successfully after median 20 d(1～153 d).The 3 and 6 months post-operation survival rate of ALSS plus LT group(71.4%,71.4%) were significantly higher than those in medication group(18.2%,11.1%) and medication plus ALSS group(36.7%, 26.6%)(P

This study evaluated the clinical effect of impaction bone graft and distal press-fit fixation for the reconstruction of severe femoral bone defect in revision total hip arthroplasty. A total of 234 patients (involving 236 hips) with Paprosky III and IV femoral bone defects were treated with the revision total hip arthroplasty from June 1998 to Aug. 2006. Impaction bone graft technique was used for 112 hips, with allogeneic freeze-dried bone as bone graft and SPII as prosthesis. With 124 hips, modular distal press-fit fixation and tapered femoral stem (MP stem) were employed. After the operation, the subjects were followed up on regular basis and results were assessed by using the Harris Hip Score (HHS) and 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12). Radiolucence, subsidence and loosening were observed and complications, including infection, fracture, dislocation etc. were recorded. A 6-14-year follow-up showed that prostheses failed, due to infection, in 4 patients of impaction bone graft group and that 6 patients in the press-fit fixation group experienced prosthesis failure, with the survival rates for the two techniques being 96.43% and 95.16%, respectively. One-way ANOVA showed that prosthesis survival was significantly associated with surgery-related complications (P<0.05) and was not related to the type of the bone defects (P>0.05). The rate of complications bore significant association with the type of bone defects in the two groups (P<0.05). Our study showed that the two revision methods could achieve satisfactory mid-term and long-term results for the reconstruction of severe bone defects. It is of great significance for attaining high prosthesis survival rate to select suitable operation on the basis of the type of bone defect. Careful operative manipulation and post-operative rehabilitation aimed at reducing complications are also important.