Acquaintance of the lymph node is very important to evaluate whether the tumor is malignant or benign and therefore to the treatment of the tumors. Lymphography is now considered the gold standard for this purpose. Many computer aided diagnose (CAD) technologies have been developed to help radiologists to diagnose the tumor by the lymphography cases. In this paper, a computer aided diagnose model is constructed by Semi-naive Bayes Classification. The experiments carried out in our laboratory validated the Semi-Naive Bayes Classification on lymphography case. The result of experiments showed that Semi-Naive Bayes Classification could classify lymphography case effectively.
Algorithms ; Bayes Theorem ; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; diagnosis ; Lymphography ; Neoplasms ; diagnosis

Objective To investigate the safety and therapeutic effect of intra-carotid infusion with cold sa line in rats with acute focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.Methods 60 rats were randomly divided into six groups:sham operated group,normal infusion group,stroke group,local hypothermic group,local normothermic group,and systemic infusion group.Brain infarct volume and cerebral water content were analyzed 48 h after ischemia.Neurological deficits were assessed using the mNSS 24 h and 48 h after infarction.Results In the local hypothermic group,brain temperature was reduced to 33 to 34 ℃ within 5 to 10 minutes,and this significantly low temperature maintained to nearly 60 minutes after infusion continued.Physiological variables were not significantly different among each time point (P ＞ 0.05).No significant morphological abnormality was found in brain sections stained with TTC and HE.Animals receiving local cold infusion significantly decreased infarct volume and brain water content compared to stroke group (P ＜ 0.05).Both 24 h and 48 h mNSS in local hypothermic group was significantly lower than those in other groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Intra-carotid infusion with cold saline can quickly and effectively reduce brain temperature and is a relatively safe cooling method.Local hypothermia significantly reduced brain infarct volume,decreased brain water content and improved neurological functional outcomes after brain ischemia.

Objective To observe the effects of extracts of ginkgo leaves (EGL) on acute myocardial infarction, acute myocardial ischemia and blood hemorheology.Methods The effects of EGL on acute myocardial infarction were observed in dogs model induced by the ligation of anterior descending branch of left coronary artery; effects on acute myocardial ischemia were observed on rats model caused by intravenous injection of pituitrin and effects on blood hemorheology were observed in rabbits. Results EGL significantly reduced the myocardial infarction area, decreased the activities of lactate dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase in dogs, reduced the elevation of ST segment of electrocardiogram in rats with myocardial ischemia and decreased whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity in rabbits. Conclusion EGL has protective effect against myocardial ischemic injury and can improve the parameters of blood hemorheology in rabbits. Its mechanism may be concerned with the reduction of the myocardial infarction area and infarction degree and the relief of acute myocardial ischemia.

Aged ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Epithelioid Cells ; pathology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemangiosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mastectomy, Radical ; Neoplasms, Second Primary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objectives:To investigate the effect of early EN on mucosal structure and absorption function of allograft after living-related small bowel transplantation.　Methods:Early enteral nutrition was used.The image analysis,D-xylose absorbtion test and blood culture were used to measure the villus height and area,D-xylose absorption and bacterial translocation in blood.　Results:The morphometric examination showed that villus height and villus area were decreased on the 7th postoperative day,began to increase on the 12th day after transplantation and had been the 80% of normal level.The percentage of D-xylose absorption was gradually increased and reached the normal level on the postoperative 38th day.Postoperative blood cultures were always negative.　Conclusions:Early EN support can improve the mucosal structure and absorption function of small bowel allograft after living-related small bowel transplantation.

Purpose To observe the protective effects of low molecular hirudo peptides on focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was used to prepare focal cerebral ischemia and the neurological scores and infarction area of brain slices, and water content of brains were assessed. Superoxide dismustase (SOD) activity and malondi-aldehyde ( MDA) content in homogenate of ischemic brain tissue were determined by spectrophotometric assay. Results Hirudo peptides could reduce the percentage of infarction area and the water content in the cerebral hemisphere, increase SOD activity and decrease MDA content in ischemic brain tissue. Conclusion Low molecular hirudo peptides have protective effects on focal cerebral ischemia injury, and its mechanism may be related to the antioxidant action.

Adult ; Hamartoma ; pathology ; Humans ; Lung ; pathology ; Lung Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To evaluate the expression of endostatin in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum in patients with lung cancer, and to analysis the relationship between endostatin expression and clinical prognosis as well as pathophysiological characteristics. Methods The samples of serum and BALF were obtained from 57 patients with untreated primary lung cancer ( lung cancer group) and 27 patients with benign pulmonary diseases (control group). The levels of endostatin were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The expression of endostatin in serum and BALF in lung cancer group was significantly higher than that in control group ( P ＜0. 01 ). The levels of endostatin in serum and BALF in late-stage ( stage Ⅲ or Ⅳ ) lung cancer patients were significantly higher than that in early-stage ( stage Ⅰ or Ⅱ , P ＜ 0. 01 ).The expression of endostatin both in serum and BALF were significantly higher in adenocarcinoma patients than that in squamous cell carcinoma or SCLC patients. Endostatin concentrations in BALF and serum were significantly greater in patients with lymph node and distant metastasis than those patients without. the expressions of endostatin in serum were closely related to that in BALF in patients with lung cancer ( P = 0. 000). Conclusion The expression of endostatin in serum and in BALF is higher in lung cancer than benign pulmonary diseases and it was associated with TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and clinicopatholgical variables. The level of endostatin in BALF is higher than that in serum and may be used as a significant marker to direct clinic therapy and estimation of prognosis.

Objective To investigate the value of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI)in diagnosis of extramural vascular invasion (EMVI)of rectal cancer.Methods 33 patients with rectal cancer were reviewed preoperatively.The MRI findings of EMVI of all cases were scored and compared with the postoperative pathological results.Results The MRI EMVI scores were consistent with histopathology findings (k=0.324,P=0.039).The accuracy rate of MRI in diagnosis of EMVI was 66.7% (22/33).The MRI EMVI scores rose up with increased pT stage,meanwhile there was a high correlation between both (r=0.546).The percentage of MRI EMVI positive number was increased with elevated pT stage,and there was also a high correlation between both (r=0.469). ROC curve showed that MRI EMVI scoring was an effective method in diagnosis of rectal cancer EMVI (AUC=0.757).Conclusion HRMRI is a valuable method in diagnosis of EMVI of rectal cancer.

Objective To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of channel-assisted spatium intermusculare approach interbody fusion for treating lumbar vertebra diseases.Methods A total of 81 patients with lumbar vertebra diseases were treated from June 2012 to December 2013,including 35 males and 46 females between 29 and 76 years old with an average age of 54.6.There were 36 cases of lumbar disc degeneration,10 cases of recurrence in situ after lumbar disc herniation surgery,6 cases of huge lumbar disc herniation,11 cases of lumbar disc herniation with spinal canal stenosis,5 cases of extreme lateral lumbar disc herniation and 13 cases of lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis.There were 67 cases of single segment lesion and 14 cases of two segment lesions.Lesion sites contained L1,2 in 1 case,L3,4 in 4 cases,L4,5 in 50 cases,L5S1 in 12 cases,L3,4 and L4,5 in 8 cases,and L4,5 and L5S1 in 6 cases.Results The length of incision was 2.42±0.45 cm in cases of single segment lesion and 4.28±0.38 cm in cases of two segment lesions.The operation time was 96.00±21.53 minutes and intraoperative blood loss was 347.50± 241.62 ml.During the operation,one case suffered from dural laceration,cerebrospinal fluid leakage and ipsilateral nerve root injury.Two cases suffered from pedicle fractures.Eight cases experienced epidermal necrosis of the incision.One case had poor wound healing.Three cases suffered from nerve injury.A total of 76 patients were followed up for 12-30 months,averagely 20.5 months.Intervertebral height of lesion segments was apparently recovered after surgery,and maintained in good condition during the final follow-up.No significant difference in the changes of area and grade of multifidus was detected 12 months after surgery and before surgery.Except 4 cases,the remaining had interbody fusion with a fusion rate of 94.7％.The balance between the coronal plane and sagittal plane of the lumbar spine was evidently improved.Average Japanese Orthopaedic Association score increased from 12.66±1.88 points preoperatively to 26.4±1.92 points during the final follow-up,which showed significant differences.Conclusion The method of channel-assisted spatium intermusculare approach interbody fusion has some advantages for treating lumbar vertebra such as small incision,fewer traumas,less bleeding,fast recovery,and high fusion rate.However,there is a long time of operation in the early stage and high occurrence rate of complications.