No abstract available.
Germ Cells* ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal*

No abstract available.
Cisplatin* ; Drug Therapy* ; Ovarian Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Cisplatin* ; Drug Therapy* ; Ovarian Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: We report a case of branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) interconnected with the perifoveal capillaries in a healthy young female. CASE SUMMARY: A 16-year-old female presented with sudden loss of vision in her left eye. Upon initial examination, her left visual acuity was 0.02 and intraocular pressure was 31 mm Hg. Fundus examination revealed pallid retinal edema of the inferior posterior pole and retinal hemorrhage below optic disc. Ocular massage followed by anterior chamber paracentesis was performed for 30 minutes within 4 hours after the onset of vision loss. Fluorescein angiography (FAG) showed a very slow blood flow in the superotemporal and inferotemporal retinal arteries and a delay in retinal arteriovenous transit time. We performed hemodynamic tests such as blood pressure, echocardiography, and the hematologic test for thrombogenicity and all tests were normal. At three weeks after treatment, vision in the left eye was 0.7 and FAG revealed normal retinal arterial circulation and venous drainage time. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report regarding acute BRAO in a healthy Korean child without any detectable systemic disorder. Prompt treatment can prevent permanent visual loss in BRAO involving the macular area.
Adolescent ; Anterior Chamber ; Blood Pressure ; Capillaries ; Child ; Drainage ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Hematologic Tests ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Massage ; Papilledema ; Paracentesis ; Retinal Artery ; Retinal Artery Occlusion* ; Retinal Hemorrhage ; Retinaldehyde ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Cystitis* ; Eosinophils* ; Urinary Bladder Calculi* ; Urinary Bladder*

PURPOSE: To present preoperative macular structure deformities and surgical outcomes in idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) patient according to the presence of vitreomacular traction syndrome (VMTS). METHODS: This retrospective observational study included 54 eyes of 51 patients with idiopathic ERM, who underwent pars plana vitrectomy with ERM and internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling, and were followed for more than 6 months. Subjects were classified into 2 groups according to the presence of VMTS using preoperative optical coherence tomography (group 1: ERM without VMTS, 29 eyes; group 2: ERM with VMTS, 22 eyes). Preoperative macular structure deformity and surgical outcomes were compared and prognostic factors were analyzed. RESULTS: Group 1 (ERM without VMTS) included 29 eyes, and group 2 (ERM with VMTS) included 22 eyes. Group 2 had a significantly higher occurrence of lamellar macular hole and a significantly lower preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) compared to group 1. However, final postoperative BCVAs were not significantly different between the groups because BCVA changed more in group 2. Preoperative macular structure deformities (irregular retinal surface, retinal thickening, lamellar macular hole, and cystoid macular edema) did not affect visual outcomes. The presence of photoreceptor inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) junction disruption and preoperative BCVA were highly related with visual outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: BCVA significantly improved in idiopathic ERM patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy with ERM and ILM peeling regardless of the presence of VMTS. There may be a stronger association of IS/OS junction disruption with visual acuity compared to VMTS in idiopathic ERM surgery.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Epiretinal Membrane* ; Humans ; Membranes ; Observational Study ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Traction* ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

PURPOSE: To present preoperative macular structure deformities and surgical outcomes in idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) patient according to the presence of vitreomacular traction syndrome (VMTS). METHODS: This retrospective observational study included 54 eyes of 51 patients with idiopathic ERM, who underwent pars plana vitrectomy with ERM and internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling, and were followed for more than 6 months. Subjects were classified into 2 groups according to the presence of VMTS using preoperative optical coherence tomography (group 1: ERM without VMTS, 29 eyes; group 2: ERM with VMTS, 22 eyes). Preoperative macular structure deformity and surgical outcomes were compared and prognostic factors were analyzed. RESULTS: Group 1 (ERM without VMTS) included 29 eyes, and group 2 (ERM with VMTS) included 22 eyes. Group 2 had a significantly higher occurrence of lamellar macular hole and a significantly lower preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) compared to group 1. However, final postoperative BCVAs were not significantly different between the groups because BCVA changed more in group 2. Preoperative macular structure deformities (irregular retinal surface, retinal thickening, lamellar macular hole, and cystoid macular edema) did not affect visual outcomes. The presence of photoreceptor inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) junction disruption and preoperative BCVA were highly related with visual outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: BCVA significantly improved in idiopathic ERM patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy with ERM and ILM peeling regardless of the presence of VMTS. There may be a stronger association of IS/OS junction disruption with visual acuity compared to VMTS in idiopathic ERM surgery.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Epiretinal Membrane* ; Humans ; Membranes ; Observational Study ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Traction* ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence and risk factors for ocular hypertension (OHT) in traumatic hyphema within 7 days after trauma. METHODS: A retrospective case series study of 265 traumatic hyphema inpatients from 2010–2016. OHT was defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) that exceeded 21 mmHg using two consecutive measurements by a Goldmann applanation tonometer within 7 days after trauma. The subjects were divided into two groups (OHT group and non-OHT group). Age, sex, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), IOP, hyphema grade, presence of systemic disease, and past history of glaucoma were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Of the 265 patients, 95 (35.8%) developed OHT after traumatic hyphema. Of those 95 patients, 70 (73.7%) developed OHT within 1 day after trauma; 18 (18.9%) developed OHT 2–3 days after trauma; and 7 (7.4%) developed OHT 4–7 days after trauma. Compared to the non-OHT group, the OHT group had a lower visual acuity (p = 0.018) and higher IOP (p < 0.001). In addition. if the hyphema grade was higher the incidence of OHT was significantly higher (p = 0.017). Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, the BCVA (p = 0.045) and hyphema grade (p = 0.006) were associated with the incidence of OHT in traumatic hyphema within 7 days after trauma. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of OHT in traumatic hyphema within 7 days after trauma was 35.8%. The BCVA and hyphema grade were associated with the incidence of OHT within 7 days after trauma.
Glaucoma ; Humans ; Hyphema ; Incidence ; Inpatients ; Intraocular Pressure ; Logistic Models ; Ocular Hypertension ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: In the endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux, the relatively high rate of success, the simplicity of the procedure, high patient compliance, and a lack of complications has led to the increased development of injection materials and techniques. We report a method of identifying and maintaining a clear visual field during ureteral and bladder submucosal wall injection of a dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer (Deflux, Oceana, Therapeutics Inc.) by use of the hydrodistention implantation technique (HIT) with the aid of temporary ureteral catheter insertion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively reviewed patients with grade IV or V reflux who received an endoscopic injection of Deflux. Reflux grade was evaluated before and after treatment (3 months) by use of voiding cystourethrograms. Conventional sub-trigonal injection (STING) was performed with injection of Deflux underneath the bladder mucosa at the 6 o'clock position. HIT was performed either with hydrodistention or with guidewire insertion. These techniques increase visualization of the intramural portion of the distal ureteral wall. Patients with treatment failures were offered reinjection up to three times. RESULTS: Sixty-three patients completed endoscopic injection and follow-up of 3 months. The overall resolution rate for conventional STING was 58%, i.e., 67% for grade IV and 43% for grade V. The overall resolution rate for HIT was 80%, i.e., 93% for grade IV and 66% for grade V. The modified methods showed higher resolution rates for overall cure owing to the success in patients with grade IV reflux (p=0.026). Although the success of grade V treatment was higher with the modified method, the success rate was not statistically significant (p=0.27). CONCLUSIONS: HIT with the use of either hydrodistention or a guidewire to aid in visualization of the intramural portion of the distal ureter is an effective treatment for high-grade vesico-ureteral reflux.
Bites and Stings ; Dextrans ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyaluronic Acid ; Mucous Membrane ; Patient Compliance ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Failure ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Catheters ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux ; Visual Fields