Major concerns in cleft palate repair are improved speech results and adequate maxillary growth. In these respects, Furlow's double reversing Z-plasty which requires minimal hard palatal dissection and redirects palatal muscles to produce an overlapping muscle sling is theoretically optimal method to close the cleft palate. However, it often requires backcut around the maxillary tubercle even dissection around the pedicle on oral mucosal Z-plasty flap. Raw surface heals secondarily but leads to scarring within the soft palate. In the current study, IIpatients all had incomplete cleft palate and were operated double reversing Z-palatoplasty using intraoperative rapid mucosal expansion (IRME), from November, 1996 till July, 1997. With the IRME, we reduced the incidence of backcut or dissection on the oral mucosal flap. Only three patients need small backcut incision and two of these were closed primarily with V-Y fashion. To examine the histologic changes and expansion rate with the IRME, same procedures were performed to palatal mucosa of three cats. Expanded mucosal size was increased to 33.3% and histologically, change of mucosal architecture was not found except capillary dilatation. As a result, intraoperative mucosal expansion offers sufficient mucosal size, reduce incidence of backcut, therefore minimizes palatal scar formation. Balanced maxillofacial growth and normal occlusion are expected with this procedure.
Animals ; Capillaries ; Cats ; Cicatrix ; Cleft Palate ; Dilatation ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mucous Membrane ; Palatal Muscles ; Palate, Soft

The main purpose of this study was to identify the effects of physical therapy modalities and exercise therapy on myofascial pain syndrome by assessing the degree of effect size (ES) and related variables.

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of the lower limb alignment on the pelvis, hip, and knee kinematics in people with genu varum during stair walking. METHODS: Forty subjects were enrolled in this study. People who had intercondylar distance ≥4cm were classified in the genu varum group, and people who had intercondylar distance < 4cm and intermalleolar distance < 4cm were placed in the control group. 3D motion analysis was used to collect the pelvis, hip, and knee kinematic data while subjects were walking stairs with three steps. RESULTS: During stair ascent, the genu varum group had decreased pelvic lateral tilt and hip adduction at the early stance phase and decreased pelvic lateral tilt at the swing phase compared to the control group. At the same time, they had decreased minimal hip adduction ROM at the early stance and decreased maximum pelvic lateral tilt ROM and minimum hip rotation ROM at the swing phase. During stair descent, the genu varum group had decreased pelvic lateral tilt at the early stance and decreased pelvic lateral tilt and pelvic rotation at the swing phase. In addition, they had decreased pelvic frontal ROM during single limb support and increased knee sagittal ROM during the whole gait cycle. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that a genu varum deformity could affect the pelvis, hip and knee kinematics. In addition, the biomechanical risk factors that could result in the articular impairments by the excessive loads from lower limb malalignment were identified.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Extremities ; Gait ; Genu Varum ; Hip ; Knee ; Lower Extremity ; Pelvis ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Risk Factors ; Walking

BACKGROUND: Core hypothermia after induction of anesthesia results from an core-to-peripheral redistribution of body heat and a loss of body heat to environment. The purpose of this study is finding body temperatures during operation by either general of epidural anesthesia and evaluates content of total body heat. METHODS: We measured tympanic membrane temperature, 4 point skin temperature (mid calf, mid thigh, upper extremity, nipple). And we calculate mean skin temperature, mean body temperature, total body heat content changes based on tympanic membrane temperature and 4 point skin temperature. RESULTS: Tympanic membrane temperature of the first group decreased significantly after 10 minutes of induction (p<0.005), the second group decreased after 45 minutes of induction. Although upper extremity temperature has continuously increased as time passed, there was no significant difference in both group. Lower extremity temperature has significantly increased after 30 minutes of induction in the first group, and the second group has significantly increased after 10 minutes of induction (p<0.05). Mean skin temperature hasdecreasd temperaturily in both group after 10 minutes of induction and increased as time passed. Mean body temperature of the first group has significantly decreased after 10 minutes of induction (p<0.05) and second group has no significant changes. Total body heat content has continuously decreased after induction with no significance. CONCLUSIONS: General anesthesia reveals more significant decrease than epidural anesthesia. Both groups show significant decrease of body temperature after induction. We think that we need to close attention to temperature changes after induction for preventing possible side effects due to core hypothermia.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Anesthesia, General* ; Body Temperature Changes* ; Body Temperature* ; Hot Temperature ; Hypothermia ; Lower Extremity ; Skin Temperature ; Thigh ; Tympanic Membrane ; Upper Extremity

No abstract available.

Computer-Assisted Instruction(CAI) improved the possibility of individualized learning by enhancing the learning efficacy related to the apptitude, competency, speed and perceptual style of each learner. The reason that I introduced the computer in teaching and learning process is based on the assumption that individual differences can be minimized by applying CAI. This has special meaning because in the current teaching and learning system we can not consider the individual differences of learners. Considering the importance of developing individualized learning program, the course of electrophysiology and pathology of K that requires typical memorization and repetition is made as a purpose to increase the efficacy of learning and thus improve the quality of nursing curriculum.
Curriculum ; Electrophysiology ; Individuality ; Learning ; Nursing ; Pathology

We report a case of drug eruption and liver damage due to diaminodiphenyl suIfone(DDS) ingestion in a 17-year-old female. This patient had taken DDS for 20 days, 100mg-200mg daily to treat an unknown skin disease. Thereafter, she had generalized erythematous eruption on whole body, icteric sclera and fever. Liver function test showed abnormality (SGOT 514 unit, SGPT 710 unit, alkarine phosphotase 4. 3 B.U., total biIirubin 7. Oml/dl, direct bilirubin 4. 8mg/dl). The adverse reactiions to DDS are gastrointestinal intolerance, hemolytic, anemia, methemoglobinemia, agranulocytoais, hepatitis, neuritis, psychosis and a skin rash described as a fixed drug eruption, erythema multiforme, exfoliative dermatitis and toxic epidermal necrolysis. In Korea, DDS has been used for the treatment of skin diseases of various types for a long time without prescription, especially in rural areas. This trend is a significant sociomediical problem in Korea.
Adolescent ; Alanine Transaminase ; Anemia ; Bilirubin ; Dermatitis, Exfoliative ; Drug Eruptions* ; Eating ; Erythema Multiforme ; Exanthema ; Female ; Fever ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Korea ; Liver Function Tests ; Liver* ; Methemoglobinemia ; Neuritis ; Prescriptions ; Psychotic Disorders ; Sclera ; Skin Diseases ; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

No abstract available.
Skin Diseases*

OBJECTIVES: Dysfunctional uterine bleeding(DUB) is defined as abnormal bleeding from the uterine endometrium unrelated to anatomic lesions of the uterus, and its incidence is 10-15% among gynecologic diseases. We conducted this study for understanding correlation between clinical aspecets and pathological findings of DUB. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 599 women with DUB who underwent endometrial biopsy with special regard to the relation between pathologic findings and presenting symtoms or complaints from Jan. 1988 to Dec. 1997. RESULTS: Age distribution of DUB was mainly 5th decade, mean age was 44.1years, among various bleeding patterns, intermenstrual bleeding was the most common pattern(31.6%) and the next was menorrhagia(25.0%). Histologic findings of endometrium were proliferative phase, 327 cases(54.6%), hyperplasia, 139 cases(23.2%), secretory phase, 74 cases(12.4%) in order of frequency, and there was no difference in distribution of histologic findings among various bleeding patterns. CONCLUSION: Compared to other previoius studies, our study showed more incidence of endometrial hyperplasia, especially at age group of 40 or more. So patients aged more than this age with abnormal uterine bleeding must undergo emdometrial biopsy for pathologic diagnosis. Patients who are diagnosed endometrial hyperplasia must be carefully followed up because there are possibilities of progression to endometrial carcinoma.
Age Distribution ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Endometrial Hyperplasia ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; Endometrium ; Female ; Genital Diseases, Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Incidence ; Metrorrhagia* ; Retrospective Studies ; Uterine Hemorrhage ; Uterus

Despite continually improving results of total hip arthroplasty, infection remains the major debilitating complication. The treatments of infected total hip arthroplasty were variable. but initially we removed infected implants and inserted antibiotic containing cemented spacer so called PRSTALAC to prevent scar contracture and disuse osteoporosis. After 6 weeks later, control of infection was clinically and radiologically determined, we inserted new prosthesis with cement. Three weeks postoperatively, patient began touch down standing exercise. We observed infected total hip patient in whom hip had been salvaged successfuily with twostage implantation using so called "" PROSTALAC "" which was made with Moore stem.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Cicatrix ; Contracture ; Hip ; Humans ; Osteoporosis ; Prostheses and Implants ; Replantation*