PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to verify prevalence rates of atopic dermatitis (AD) in middle school students in Korea and to define AD and associated factors. METHODS: This study was conducted using secondary analysis of raw data from the 'The 6th Korean National Adolescent Health Behavior Survey, 2010' conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control. The participants were 37,570 students. General characteristics and health behavior-related characteristics were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi2-test and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Results are as follows. 1. There were 8,494 middle school students (22.6%), who had been diagnosed with AD during the last 12 months. 2. Factors associated with AD in middle school students were gender (p<.001), grade level (p=.001), father's education (p<.001), mother's education (p=.032), regular dietary habits (breakfasts, p=.025; lunches; p=.003), stress (p<.001), recognition of subjective awareness of one's health conditions (p<.001), hand washing before meals at school (p=.013), and cessation education for both smoking (p=.002) and alcohol (p=.031). CONCLUSION: Results of the study indicate that in order to alleviate AD symptoms in these students, there is a need to develop nursing interventions and education programs taking into consideration these variables and verifying the effects of interventions and programs.
Adolescent ; Adolescent Behavior ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Dermatitis, Atopic/*epidemiology/psychology ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Mental Health ; Prevalence ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Sex Factors ; Smoking ; Students/*psychology

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to understand the degree of vitality, meaning in life and self-efficacy and to elucidate the factors influencing this vitality in the nurses of Korea. METHOD: A cross-sectional survey of nurses from 4 hospitals was conducted by convenience sampling. Data collection was conducted through the use of questionnaires which were constructed to include a Vitality Self Test, Purpose in Life Test and Self-efficacy Scale. RESULTS: The degree of vitality in nurses was in the middle range. The nurses of this study had few goals towards meaning in life, and an existential vacuum state. A positive relationship was found between vitality and the research variables. The significant predictors influencing vitality in nurses were meaning in life, self-efficacy, and clinical career, and these variables accounted for 28.7% of the variance in vitality. CONCLUSIONS: This results support that vitality is an important link with meaning in life and self-efficacy. There should be a comprehensive study in the future for in-depth understanding of the vitality of nurses.
Adult ; Analysis of Variance ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Job Satisfaction ; Male ; Nursing Staff, Hospital/*psychology ; *Quality of Life ; Questionnaires ; *Self Efficacy ; Translating

PURPOSE: This study was done to identify the impact of resourcefulness and communication style on nursing performance in nurses working in hospitals. METHOD: Though a convenience sampling method 312 nurses were recruited between from July 4 and 17, 2011. Data were collected using a questionnaire, which included items on work related characteristics, resourcefulness, communication style, and nursing performance. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression analysis. RESULTS: The major findings of this study were as follow; 1) There were significant relationships between nursing performance and resourcefulness (p<.001), informative communication style (p<.001), affiliativeness communication style (p<.001), and dominance communication style (p<.001). 2) The nursing performance was significantly associated with career in current department, resourcefulness, informative communication style, affiliativeness communication style, and dominance communication style in capability which explained 45.6% of variance in nursing performance. CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrate a relationship between resourcefulness, communication style, and nursing performance in hospital nurses indicating the need to use the study results to plan programs to prompt nurses in their use of resourcefulness and communication style in nursing care.
Hospital Administration ; Nursing Care ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Task Performance and Analysis

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the trends in physiological variables in CAT research in nursing in Korea. METHOD: Of studies published in Korea between January, 2000 and December, 2005, 227 studies were analyzed according to the criteria of type, theme, and patterns in physiological variables related to CAT. RESULTS: There were 72 articles on CAT research in which physiological variables were examined. The most frequently researched type of CAT was massage and in particular, foot massage. The most frequently used physiological variables in CAT research were blood pressure, pulse, and body temperature. Patients with high blood pressure were the most frequent subjects for CAT research. As to the effect of physiological variable by CAT type, foot massage showed a decline in blood pressure in all six research studies involving patients with high blood pressure. CONCLUSION: There is a need to describe accurately the mechanism by which CAT affects physiological variables. There is also a need for repetitive analysis to verify the effect, and meta-analysis for the effect on physiological variables according to type of CAT.
Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Body Temperature ; Cats ; Complementary Therapies ; Foot ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Korea ; Massage ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Nursing*

PURPOSE: This study was done to identify the relationship of family function, self-efficacy and self-leadership, and to identify factors affecting self-leadership in adolescents. METHOD: Sampling was done using a convenience sampling method and 779 adolescents were recruited between June 4 and 15, 2012. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires which included general characteristics, family function, self-efficacy and self-leadership. Data were analyzed using descriptive, t-test, one way ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 19.0. RESULTS: The major findings of this study were as follow; 1) There were significant relationships between self-leadership and family function (r=.36, p<.001), and self-efficacy (r=.51, p<.001). 2) Self-leadership was significantly associated with self-efficacy (beta=.42, p<.001), family function (beta=.20, p<.001), satisfactory relationships with teachers (beta=.12, p<.001), experience as a leader (beta=.10, p=.001), higher school records (beta=.17, p<.001), and medium school records (beta=.11, p=.001). These variables explained 40.4% of variance in adolescents' self-leadership. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship between family function, self-efficacy and self-leadership in adolescents and that in developing intervention programs to promote self-leadership, in adolescents, these variables should be considered.
Adolescent ; Family Characteristics ; Family Relations ; Humans ; Leadership ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Self Efficacy

PURPOSE: The study was done to influence of family function and degree of depression on impulsive behavior in adolescents. METHOD: Using convenience sampling 780 adolescents were recruited from October 29 and November 9, 2011. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires which included items on general characteristics, family function, depression, and impulsive behavior. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, and hierarchical regression analysis. RESULTS: The major findings of this study were as follow; 1) There was a significant negative relationship between family function and impulsive behavior (r=-.236, p<.001) and a positive relationship between depression and impulsive behavior (r=.342, p<.001). 2) Factors with a significant negative association with impulsive behavior were higher school records (beta=-.112, p<.001) and family function: positive resolution of family problems (beta=-.213, p=.008), while a significant positive association was found for unsatisfactory school life (beta=.103, p=.016), family function: emotional reactivity (beta=.159, p=.028), and depression (beta=.301, p<.001). These variables explained 20.1% of variance for impulsive behavior. CONCLUSION: The results of this study identify a relationship between family function, depression, and impulsive behavior in adolescents indicating variables to be addressed to reduce impulsive behavior. These variables can be used in developing intervention programs.
Adolescent ; Depression ; Family Characteristics ; Family Relations ; Humans ; Impulsive Behavior ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: This study was done to survey health behaviors in people at risk for a Cerebrovascular Accident(CVA). METHOD: From November 21 to December 29, 2005, a questionnaire survey was conducted with 171 people at risk for a Cerebrovascular Accident(LDL of above 130 mg/dl & homocysteine of above 15.0 micromol/L). Their physical composition was measured and blood was collected. RESULTS: 1. Of the subjects, 34.5% were smokers, 61.4% were drinkers, 56.7% did not exercise regularly, 57.3% did not control their weight, 26.9% preferred eating meat, and 32.2% preferred salty food. 2. The gender was different between smoking status(Chi2=10.734, p= .001), and drinking status(Chi2=7.185, p= .007), and the age was different between smoking status(Chi2=6.656, p= .010), and drinking status(Chi2=10.722, p= .001). The HbA1C level was different for regular exercise(Chi2= 4.824, p=.028) and the HDL-cholesterol was different for meat-eating preference(Chi2=7.928, p= .005). The observance of troubling signs was different for a salty food preference(Chi2=4.313, p= .038). CONCLUSION: It is necessary to develop programs for taking care of people at risk for a Cerebrovascular Accident and test the effects of the programs in order to reduce the risk factors of CVA and enhance health behavior promotion.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alcohol Drinking ; Body Weight ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Cholesterol, HDL/blood ; Cholesterol, LDL/blood ; Exercise ; Female ; *Health Behavior ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nutritional Status ; Questionnaires ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; Stroke/*epidemiology/etiology

In light of the need for a tool to evaluate the clinical practice education environment as perceived by medical and nursing students, this study is was conducted to develop and validate the Korean version of the Undergraduate Clinical Education Environment Measure (K-UCEEM) as a measurement tool for managing the clinical practice education climate and quality of education. For validation, the UCEEM consisting of 25 items developed by Pia Strand in 2013 was adapted according to standard translation procedures. The K-UCEEM questionnaire was administered to 73 medical students and 135 nursing students who participated in clinical practice at one medical institution. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to confirm the validity of the instrument’s structure. In order to determine referential validity, the relationships among stresses in clinical practice were examined, and differences in factor scores were compared by gender and college. It was confirmed that the scale of 24 items and five factors showed a moderate model fitness index. The reliability of the factors ranged from 0.786 to 0.867. In addition, all five factors were found to have negative correlations with the clinical practice stress sub-factor, and there were statistically significant differences by gender and college. Through this study, the validity and reliability of the K-UCEEM were verified. In the future, it is expected that further verification of the scale, as well as evaluation and improvement of the clinical practice education environment based on this scale, will occur.

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to describe the parenting experience of parents of children with chronic illness in Korea. METHODS: A conventional contents analysis was used for the study. Twelve mothers of chronically ill children participated in the study. Qualitative data were analyzed using the Morse and Field method. RESULTS: Four categories, 10 subcategories and 42 codes emerged from the data on the parenting experience of parents of children with chronic illness. The four categories were 'Sacrifice and full-engagement within self-mortification', 'Renormalization of collapsed daily life', 'Paving a new way for independence' and 'Growing together of myself and the family'. CONCLUSION: Parents of children with chronic illness experienced not only negative aspects such as a confusion but also re-normalization and growing together. Based on the results, health professionals need to develop effective nursing interventions toward positive parenting for these parents and their children with chronic illnesses.
Child* ; Chronic Disease* ; Health Occupations ; Humans ; Korea ; Mothers ; Nursing ; Parenting* ; Parents* ; Qualitative Research

OBJECTIVE: To describe the change of serum estradiol, follicul-stimulating hormone and testosterone after hysterectomy, and its difference according to the type of adnexal surgery in pre, and postmenopausal women. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Three hundred twenty four women presenting for hysterectomies for nononcologic reasons. We divide the women into four groups, who only hysterectomized, who with both adnexectomized, who with unilateral adnexectomized, and who with both salpingectomized. We collect the blood samples for serum estradiol and testosterone in preoperative day, 1 day after, 3 day after, 6 day after and 1 month after operation. And check FSH in a day before operation and 1month after operation. RESULT: Estradiol shows significant decrease in both adnectomy group compared to the unilateral adnexectomized and only hysterectomized. The both salpingectomized shows no difference with the both adnectomized. Testosterone shows no difference between groups in premenopausal women. In postmenopausal women, testosterone decreased 3 days after both adnexectomy compared to the only hysterectomized and the unilateral adnexectomized. The both salpingectomized shows no difference with the both adnexectomized. CONCLUSION: Testosterone decreases significantly in postmenopausal women after hysterectomy with both adnexectomy or both salpingectomy. So we think it was appropriate treatment to replace estrogen and testosterone in postmenopausal women who both adnexectomized or both salpingectomized.
Estradiol ; Estrogens ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Salpingectomy ; Testosterone