Induced pluripotent stem cells(iPS)are derived from the differentiated somatic cells that regain the differentiation capabilities by the direct nuclear reprogramming with the exogenous factors.The methods for iPS induction evolved from transcription factors to RNA binding proteins,small molecules,and extracellular signals with the efforts in improving biosafty.The cellular and epigenetic characterization for iPS generation is a progressive and time-dependent process,which is tightly associated with the cellular differentiation status.However,epigenetics of iPS is not same as the embryonic stem cells.In combination with gene therapy and cellular transplantation therapy,the achievements of iPS had been applied in animal disease model treatment.

Acetaminophen ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Fever ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Ibuprofen ; therapeutic use ; Neonatology

Objective To study the expression of substance P(SP) and substance P receptor(SPR) during the development of mice brains. Methods The expression of SP and SPR during the development of mice brains from embryonic day(E) 11 to postnatal day(P) 0 days was analyzed by immunohistochemical method. Results The expression of SP began at E11 and gradually increased until birth. The expression of SPR began at E11 and maintained stable expression until birth. SP mostly expressed at striatum and SPR mostly expressed at medullary raphe.Conclusion The expression of SP and SPR during the embryo brain stage may indicate that SP could be an important factor involved in the early organization and maturation of neuron.

Aim To study the inhibitory effect of NO donating-aspirin derivative Ⅱ_6 on thrombosis and its mechanism of nitric oxide release. Methods Inferior vena cava thrombosis and cerebral thrombosis model in rats were used to investigate the antithrombotic activities of Ⅱ_6.TXB_2 and 6-Keto-PGF_(1?)in rat serum、rat aortic strip and in ECV304 cells were determined by radioimmunosay.NO content in the serum of rats and extracellular fluid of the ECV304 cells were tested with Griess reagent.Results Ⅱ_6 inhibited the thrombosis in inferior vena cava and brain,and it reduced the concentration of TXB_2.but increased NO production.Conclusion Ⅱ_6 has an inhibitory effect on thrombosis and increases NO content in vivo and vitro.

Objective To investigate the effect of estrogen on regression of vascular calcification in rats induced by vitamin D3 plus nicotine.Methods Ninety-six female SD rats were divided randomly into control group (n=24) and calcification group (n=72).Vascular calcification of 72 rats was induced by vitamin D3 and nicotine (VDN).On the day 1,the VDN group rats were injected with vitamin D3(300 000 U/kg,i.m),and were intragastric administrated with nicotine (25 mg/kg),after 9 hours,another dosage of nicotine was given again.After 4 weeks,the VDN group rats were subdivided randomly into 4 groups:VDN group(n=16),Sham operation group (n=16),ovariotomy group (n=16),estrogen group(after ovariotomy,17β-estrogen was subcutaneously injected,50 μg· kg-1· d-1,n=16).Results After 4 weeks,the VDN group showed obvious vascular calcification,and calcium content of the vessel wall was significantly higher than that of control group (P＜0.01).Extensive calcification was witnessed on the aortic tunica media of the VDN group.After 12 and 8 weeks,the calcium content of the vessel wall in each subdivided groups was significantly lower than that at 4 weeks point(P＜0.01),and the lowest calcinm content was in estrogen group,meanwhile the reduction of previously accumulated arterial calcium precipitate in each group was different.Conclusions It is a reversible process that vascular calcification induced by vitamin D plus nicotine in rats.Estrogen can promote the regression of vascular calcification.

Objective To investigate the morbidity,clinical feature,diagnosis and therapy of ovarian disease in children.Methods Eighty-two children with ovarian disease were admitted and treated in Nanjing children's hospital from Jan.1992 to Jan.2007,were analyzed retrospectively with age,emergency admissions or not,dwell,pathology and method of operation.Results The age of 82 patients ranged from 1 day to 14 years old and the mean age was 6.7 years old.Thirty-one cases(37.8%) were emergency admissions and 51 cases(62.2%) were routine admissions.Twenty-seven cases(32.9%) were rural patients and 55 cases(67.1%) were urban patients.Forty-five cases(54.8%) were nontumorous disorder,31 cases(37.8%) were benign tumor and only 6 cases(7.4%) were malignant tumor.About the morbidity,12 patients(14.6%)were admitted from 1992 to 1996,24 patients(29.5%) from 1997 to 2001 and 46 patients(55.9%) from 2002 to 2007.Chemotherapy were carried out in 6 cases with malignant tumor in internal medicine,2 cases with sexual precosity kept observation,the others were cured.Conclusions Ovarian disease can occur at any age in children.The clinical manifestation is characterized mainly by acute abdomen.The incidence of ovarian disease of children in urban areas is higher than that children in rural areas.The morbidity continues to show an upward tendency and the pathologic manifestations are mostly benign,laparoscopic operation has obviously superiority.

The purpose of this study was to investigate disinfection state and effective factors of foodservice facilities and utilities of elementary schools in Busan area. Foodservice facilities and utilities investigated in this study were ceiling, wall, floor, trench, greasetrap, hood, pest and dumb waiter. The questionnaire which was administered to 196 dietitians was used as a survey method. The results were as follows. The washing method of foodservice facilities and utilities was mainly used by detergent washing-natural dry. The disinfection method of foodservice facilities and utilities was mainly sanitized by sodium hypochlorite. Dumb waiter and hood were sanitized by 70% ethyl alcohol and iodine. In washing and disinfection frequencies of foodservice facilities and utilities ceiling was twice/year, wall, hood and pest control facilities were once/week, floor, trench, greasetrap and dumb waiter were everyday, respectively. Floor, trench, greasetrap and dumb waiter were disinfected properly, whereas ceiling, wall, hood and pest were not disinfected properly. The washing method was related to dietitian's marital status and education. The disinfection state was related to dietitian's age and career, having of sanitation check list. The disinfection method was also affected dietitian's marital status, number of employee, duration of foodservice, number of total serving and having of sanitation check list. Therefore based on the results of this study, it should be given to the microbiological study on disinfection of facilities and utilities such as ceiling, wall, floor, trench, greasetrap, hood, pest and dumb waiter and the dietitian and employee's sanitation training also should be conducted continuously.
Busan* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Detergents ; Disinfection* ; Education ; Ethanol ; Humans ; Iodine ; Marital Status ; Nutritionists ; Pest Control ; Sanitation ; Sodium Hypochlorite

Objective To compare the sensitivities of the stimulation effect of human cord blood mesenchymal stem cells(CB-MSCs) and CB-MSCs of neuronal differentiation to lymphocytes(LCs) detected with carboxyfluorescein didcetate(CFSE) and MTT. Methods To prepare LCs from SD rat and divided into four group stimulating cells: 1. CB-MSCs;2. Dif-CB-HSCs;3. SH-SY5Y(positive control);4. Auto-LC(negative control).Stimulating cells were respectively Co-cultured with LCs. The proliferation of LCs was detected with MTT and CFSE ( n =3). Results CB-MSCs and Dif-CB-HSCs stimulated LCs to proliferate more weakly than positive control detected with MTT and CFSE. The quantity of proliferation of lymphocytes Co-cultured with CB-MSCs and Dif-CB-HSCs were higher than that of Auto-LC detected with CFSE. But MTT OD value of CB-MSCs and Dif-CB-HSCs was a little lower than that of Auto-LC. Statistical analysis results showed no significant difference.Conclusion CFSE can reflect proliferation status of lymphocytes better than MTT. CFSE shows more advantages in practical use.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the main factors that most influence the psychiatrists in the process of assessing the capacity for criminal for perpetrators of homicide. METHODS: 105 homicide cases were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: The number of cases for no responsibility, reduced responsibility and full responsibility is 41 (39.0%), 28 (26.7%) and 36 (34.3%) respectively. The assessment of capability for criminal responsibility was significantly correlated with three major factors, they are: whether the homicide was driven by psychopathological factors (Gamma = 0.906, P = 0.000), whether the perpetrator was suffering a severe mental disorders (Gamma = 0.761, P = 0.000) and, whether the victim is the perpetrator's family member or relative (Gamma = 0.412, P = 0.000). CONCLUSION Forensic psychiatrists take three major aspects into account in their process in assessing capacity for criminal responsibility, in a descending order, they are: was the homicide driven by pathological motivation? Was the perpetrator suffering from a severe mental disorder? Was the victim a family member or stranger?
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Crime Victims ; Expert Testimony/legislation & jurisprudence* ; Female ; Forensic Psychiatry ; Homicide/psychology* ; Humans ; Liability, Legal ; Male ; Mental Disorders/psychology* ; Middle Aged ; Personality Disorders/psychology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Distribution ; Substance-Related Disorders/psychology* ; Young Adult