No abstract available.
Ciliary Motility Disorders*

No abstract available.
Mucopolysaccharidosis II*

No abstract available.
Mucopolysaccharidosis II*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify job experiences of male hospital nurses. METHODS: Data were collected from 20 male nurses working at general hospitals, through semi-structured in-depth interviews. The interviews were recorded and subsequently transcribed verbatim. Using content analysis, data were coded and categorized. RESULTS: The analyzed domains were motivations for choosing nursing, occupational experiences (3 subdomains), and attitudes toward the future. A total of 85 significant statements were selected from the data and classified into 32 categories. The nurses' motivations for choosing nursing were advantages of employment, their aptitude, scarcity value of men, professionalism and job security, good promotion, stable income, and family influence. In occupational experiences, they were assigned to special fields and dissatisfied with vertical relationship, promotion system, their salary, and gaps in military service time; they had difficulties in adapting to female-dominated groups and encountered gender role stereotype and preconception; they were satisfied with their distinguished performance, but had damaged self-esteem, and were stressed and disappointed in their work. In their attitudes toward the future, they considered their career changes, but tried to make professional and personal advancement. CONCLUSION: These findings have implications for recruiting and retaining male nurses in clinical settings.
Aptitude ; Employment ; Gender Identity ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Male ; Military Personnel ; Motivation ; Nurses, Male ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits ; Statistics as Topic

PURPOSE: To analyze the outcome and therapeutic effectiveness of dacryocystography in patients with epiphora. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out on 270 patients (385 eyes) who had undergone dacryocystography for epiphora from 1998 to 2002. The factors assessed were age, sex, duration of epiphora, incidence rate of obstruction site of lacrimal system, reliability of dacryocystography as a diagnostic method, correlation of syringing with dacryocystography, correlation of probing with dacryocystography. RESULTS: The incidence rate of lacrimal system obstruction on dacryocystography was 74% (285 eyes). The most common site was nasolacrimal duct (138 eyes, 48.4%), followed by sac (78 eyes, 27.4%), common canaliculus (51 eyes, 17.9%), and superior and inferior canaliculus (18 eyes, 6.3%). Dacryocystography showed 74% sensitivity and 87% specificity (p<0.01). The results of syringing and probing correlates poorly with the results of dacryocystography. CONCLUSIONS: Dacryocystography is a useful method to assess the lacrimal passage system, and the obstruction site so that therapy can be accurately planned, particularly in patients with epiphora.
Classification* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Nasolacrimal Duct* ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity

PURPOSE: Autogenous fascia lata of distal thigh is the best material for repairing ptosis with poor levator function. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the complications associated with autogenous fascia lata harvesting on the distal thigh for frontalis suspension surgery. METHODS: We reviewed the medical charts of ptosis patients who underwent frontalis suspension surgery with autogenous fascia lata from March 2001 to March 2003. Fifteen patients, with at least 1-year follow-up, were included. RESULTS: Postoperative functional complications related with walking were pain on walking in 10 patients (67%), limping in 6 (40%), muscle weakness in 2 (12%), and limitation of knee motion in 1 (7%). Complications related- with the wound were tenderness in 8 patients (53%), an unsightly scar on harvesting site in 8 (53%), inflammation in 1 (7%), muscle herniation in 1 (7%), and hypoesthesia around the wound in 1 (7%). CONCLUSIONS: Except for the scar, most of postoperative complications were resolved during the early follow-up period. The only long-term complication was the cosmetic problem of an unsightly scar on the harvesting site. For which careful suture on the wound site and fascia lata harvesting on the proximal thigh are recommended.
Cicatrix ; Fascia Lata* ; Fascia* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Inflammation ; Knee ; Muscle Weakness ; Postoperative Complications ; Sutures ; Thigh* ; Walking ; Wounds and Injuries

PURPOSE: Recently, allergic disorders in children have increased. The cause of allergic disorders made not clear. Therefore study in aspect of food and nutrition was required to prevent allergic disorders in children, show guide of dietary management. METHODS: This study was done in 78 children with allergy from July, 1997 to September, 1997, investigated family history of allergy and general environment with questionnaire, besides growth levels of children with allergic symptoms, nutrient intakes, eating behavior, and allergy-inducing foods. RESULTS: The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1) Allergic symptoms with a age 2-3 years old were asthma (46%), dermatitis (39%), hypersensitivity skin (7%), urticaria (5%) and rhinitis (5%). At age 4-6 years, asthma was 54%, dermatitis 44%, rhinitis 28%, hypersensitivity skin 10%, and urticaria 3%. Most of the dermatits was caused by unknown etiology, temperature change and house dust mite. Asthma was caused by house dust mite and temperature change. Urticaria was caused by foods and rhinitis was caused by house dust mite. 2) Tomato was the most common food as a cause of allergic disease and peach, mackerel, yoghurt, cheese, and egg were included. Urticaria was provoked mainly by tomato and peach, diarrhea was induced by milk, yoghurt and cheese, vomiting by quail eggs, and swelling lip was induced by tomato. 3) The average daily calory intake was 80% of the RDA at the age of 2-3 years old, 66% at the age of 4-6 year old. Protein and fat intake were similar as RDA. The other nutrients intake at the age of 2-3 and 4-6 years old were 106% and 71% for calcuim, 49% and 52% for iron, 30% and 31% for zinc, respectively. The amount of vitamin intake also lower than RDA for both age groups. CONCLUSION: The average calory intake and other nutrients intake for the children with allergic symptoms were lower than RDA. But they showed relatively normal growth pattern compared with the Korean growth standard. It is necessary to findout the food that provoke the allergic symptoms and make guideline for diet therapy for the children with a various allergic symptoms.
Asthma ; Cheese ; Child* ; Dermatitis ; Diarrhea ; Diet Therapy ; Eggs ; Feeding Behavior ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Iron ; Lip ; Lycopersicon esculentum ; Milk ; Ovum ; Perciformes ; Prunus persica ; Pyroglyphidae ; Quail ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Rhinitis ; Skin ; Urticaria ; Vitamins ; Vomiting ; Yogurt ; Zinc

OBJECTIVES: To develop dedicated markup language for clinical contents models (CCM) to facilitate the active use of CCM in electronic health record systems. METHODS: Based on analysis of the structure and characteristics of CCM in the clinical domain, we designed extensible markup language (XML) based CCM markup language (CCML) schema manually. RESULTS: CCML faithfully reflects CCM in both the syntactic and semantic aspects. As this language is based on XML, it can be expressed and processed in computer systems and can be used in a technology-neutral way. CONCLUSIONS: CCML has the following strengths: it is machine-readable and highly human-readable, it does not require a dedicated parser, and it can be applied for existing electronic health record systems.
Computer Systems ; Electronic Health Records ; Electronics ; Electrons ; Semantics

No abstract available.
Antioxidants/*metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome X/*blood

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical characteristics of vitamin D deficiency and its association with iron deficiency anemia (IDA). METHODS: A total of 171 children aged less than two years underwent 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 tests between January 2007 and July 2009. The study was classified into two groups: normal and vitamin D insufficiency, by their vitamin 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels. RESULTS: In total, 120 children were in the normal group (mean age, body weight and heights 12.5+/-7.0, 9.3+/-0.9 kg and 76.8+/-1.1 cm), and 51 children in the vitamin D insufficiency group (9.9+/-5.4 months, 9.0+/-0.9 kg and 75.1+/-0.9 cm). Vitamin D insufficiency was most commonly diagnosed in the spring (44%). The proportion of complete breast-feeding was higher in the insufficiency (92%), and 25.5% of the children in the deficient group also experienced IDA compared that 12% of normal group. Ten children in the insufficiency group experienced bony changes. Six children received calcitriol medication in the normal group, in whom the mean vitamin 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 level increased from 39.6+/-14.6 ng/mL (pre-medication) to 41.8+/-17.2 ng/mL (post-medication), and 13 in the insufficiency group, in whom the mean vitamin 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 increased from 20.7+/-7.0 ng/mL to a mean post-treatment level of 43.7+/-23.8 ng/mL. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that approximately 30% of children aged < or =2 years experienced vitamin D insufficiency associated with subclinical rickets. Many children also experienced concurrent IDA. Guidelines for vitamin D supplement in such children must therefore be established.
Aged ; Anemia ; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ; Body Weight ; Calcifediol ; Calcitriol ; Child ; Humans ; Iron ; Prevalence ; Rickets ; Vitamin D ; Vitamin D Deficiency ; Vitamins