No abstract available.
Candidiasis* ; Fluconazole*

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between tooth loss and sub-clinical atherosclerosis in Korean adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The subjects were part of a cohort study conducted in Ansan city by the Korea University medical school as part of the Korean Genome project. 749 subjects over than 40 years old were evaluated. After taking panoramic radiography, the amount of tooth loss was calculated. The intima-media thickness (IMT) was assessed by using ultrasonography at the common carotid artery. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors for atherosclerosis were also evaluated. The relationship between tooth loss and the IMT was evaluated using ANOVA with Scheffe's multiple comparison method in univariate analysis. Multiple regression analysis was also performed to determine the significance between the IMT and tooth loss. RESULTS: With age, tooth loss increased, but there was no significant increase in other traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Univariate analysis revealed the IMT to be positively related with the amount of tooth loss. Regression analysis of the IMT in the anterior and posterior tooth loss revealed that only the posterior tooth loss was significantly related with the IMT at all sites of the common carotid artery (right far wall, P = .015; left far wall, P = .008; right near wall, P < .001; left near wall, P = .001). CONCLUSION: This study verified the positive relationship between the increased tooth loss at the posterior area and the accumulation of atheroma in arteries.
Adult ; Arteries ; Atherosclerosis ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ; Cohort Studies ; Genome ; Humans ; Korea ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; Radiography, Panoramic ; Risk Factors ; Schools, Medical ; Tooth ; Tooth Loss

Abdominal pregnancy that is a life threatening variant of ectopic pregnancy, has been a rare event with high maternal mortality. It is very difficult to diagnose a abdominal pregnancy clinically. We have experienced a case of early abdominal pregnancy diagnosed at emergency laparotomy and this case was presented with a brief review of the literatures.
Emergencies ; Female ; Laparotomy ; Maternal Mortality ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Abdominal* ; Pregnancy, Ectopic

Backgound: The placement of stents in coronary arteries has been shown to reduce acute closure and restenosis in comparison to balloon angioplasty. However, clinical use of intracoronary stents is impeded by the subacute stent thrombosis and hemorrhagic complications associated with the anticoagulant regimen. It's known that the complete stent deployment with high pressure inflation and new antiplatelet agents are effective in reduction of subacute thrombosis and hemorrhage. So we evaluated initial results (success and complication rate) after high pressure-stent deployment with new anticoagulation protocol. METHODS: One hundred and ninety one patients with 201 lesions were treated with 231 stents of various types. The high pressure balloon inflation and antiplatelets agents were used in all cases. Final high pressure balloon inflation guided by IVUS were performed in 23 consecutive cases with incomplete stent deployment according to angiographic findings. RESULTS: 1) The indications of stenting (n=210) were De novo in 124 (59%), bailout procedure in 57 (27%), suboptimal result after PTCA in 19 (8%), and restenosis after PTCA in 14 (6%). The location of lesions were LAD in 101, RCA in 67, circumflex in 28, ramus intermedius in 3, and LMT artery in 2 lesions. Angiographic morphologic characteristics were type A in 2, type B in 158 (B1: 57, B2: 101), and type C in 22 lesions. 2) The angiographic and clinical success rate was 96% (192/201) and 92% (186/201) respectively. 3) In angiographic analysis, the baseline average reference vessel dirmeter was 3.33+/-0.35 mm. Baseline minimum lumen diameter (MLD) was 0.58+/-0.29 mm, with baseline percent diameter stenosis of 82.86+/-8.64%. The final stent diameter was 3.37+/-0.29 mm, with mean final percent stenosis of 0.63+/-8.25. The mean MLD after stenting was significantly increased (p<0.001). The mean MLD within stent increased 14%, from 2.91+/-0.39 mm at the nominal balloon inflation (inflation pressure=7 atm) to 3.37+/-0.29 mm at high pressure balloon inflation (inflation pressure <0A65B>12atm) (p<0.001). The length of lesions in GR I (cook), GR II, and Micro II stents were significantly longer than ones in PS, Cordis, Wiktor, Nir (p<0.001). 4) In intravascular ultrasound analysis, the mean lumen CSA at the tightest point within stent increased 11%, from 8.4+/-2.4 mm2 at the intial intravascular ultrasound to 9.4+/-2.1 mm2 at the final intravascular ultrasound (p<0.001). 5) The procedural and postprocedural complications were 2 acute closures associated with AMI and emergent CABG, 1 subacute closure which was revascularized by bail out stenting, 5 major hemorrhage requiring transfusion associated with 1 CVA and 2 metabolic acidosis induced by acute renal failure, and 5 death. CONCLUSION: The high pressure stent deployment procedure and new anticoagulation protocol associating tidopidine and aspirin without coumadin or prolonged heparin infusion allow us to obtain an acceptably low subacute thrombosis or bleeding complication rate. These results are encouraging and allow a wide use of coronary stenting.
Acidosis ; Acute Kidney Injury ; Angioplasty, Balloon ; Arteries ; Aspirin ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Coronary Vessels* ; Hemorrhage ; Heparin ; Humans ; Inflation, Economic ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors* ; Stents* ; Thrombosis ; Ultrasonography ; Warfarin

Tooth wear refers to the loss of dental hard tissue caused by various physiological and pathological causes, and excessive pathological wear can cause complications such as pathological changes in dimensions, occlusal disharmony, loss of function, and aesthetic problems. The cause of tooth wear can be caused by attrition, abrasion, corrosion and abfraction, and it is known to act in a multifactorial etiology in interocclusal activity. In patients with excessive pathological wear, it is important to determine whether or not the vertical dimension of occlusion is reduced, and complete oral rehabilitation should be achieved with the adaptation of the neuromuscular and temporomandibular joint through accurate diagnosis and analysis. The patient in this case was a 63-year-old male patient, who presented discomfort to cold beverage due to severe tooth wear. After analysis of the patient’s vertical dimension of occlusion, a full mouth rehabilitation was performed with increasing vertical dimension of occlusion. The goal of treatment was to improve the occlusal plane with the equal-intensity contact of all teeth, harmonious anterior guidance and immediate disclusion of all posterior contacts. After rehabilitation, the patient was satisfied with function and esthetic appearance.

No abstract available.
Animals ; Base Sequence* ; Classical swine fever virus* ; Classical Swine Fever* ; Cloning, Molecular* ; Swine

No abstract available.
Animals ; Baculoviridae* ; Newcastle disease virus* ; Newcastle Disease*

Chronic renal allograft dysfunction (CRAD) has been the rnost frequent cause of graft failure for last decade. Even in cycloporine era the incidence of CRAD has not changed. From Jan 1992 to Dec 1994 118 kidney transplants performed in Seoul National University Hospital had been entered into our database. All patients had been followed for at least 1 year. CRAD is defined if there had been progressive deterioration of renal function that was not explained by other causes and finally serum creatinine (Scr) had doubled from basal Scr after transplantation and has been maintained. Analyzed factors as follows; HLA misrnatch, living or cadaver transplant, ABO mismatch, acute rejecton (AR), frequency and timing of AR, donor age, recipient age, cold ischmic time, delayed graft function, proteinuria, infection. A CRAD has developed in 27 (23%) patients. The incidence of CRAD with time was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and compared with log-rank test. We concluded that in univariate anlaysis the risk factors are acute rejection, frequency of AR, AR after 3 months after tranplantation, age of recipient<15 and cold ischmic time> 40rnin for living transplants. Although HLAMM=0 significantly decreased the risk of CRAD (P<0.05), there was no difference in renal survival between groups of HLAMM>1. AR and HLAMM (HLAMM=O vs. HLAMM>1) were related each other (P=0.02).
Allografts* ; Cadaver ; Creatinine ; Delayed Graft Function ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Kidney Transplantation ; Proteinuria ; Risk Factors* ; Seoul ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate hemodynamic change in growth discordant twins using a ratio of middle cerebral artery/umbilical artery resistance index and to assess the relationship between Doppler hemodynamic and the influence of placental chorionisity and umbilical cord insertion. METHODS: 118 live born twin pairs whose birthweight discordance below or above 20% between March 2000 and March 2002 were included in our study. And we divided the two groups in which above 20% of growth discordance (GD) group was GD and below 20% of GD group was control. Chorionisity and umbilical cord insertion in all study subjects within 24 hours after delivery were investigated. And then we classified to monochorionic (MONO), and dichorionic (DI) placenta and the type of insertion of umbilical cord were also classified central, marginal and velamentous type. 56 of twin pairs were performed 153 Doppler flow velocimetry between smaller and larger fetus prenatally. Resistance index (RI) of middle cerebral artery and umbilical artery in each fetus were measured and standardized as a ratio of middle cerebral artery/umbilical artery (MCA/UmA). ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, and chi-square test, were performed and p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: Mean birthweight in monochorionic twins had lighter than those of dichorionic twins (p<0.01). The mean growth discordant ratios were 14.1% in monochorionic twin and 12.1% in dichorionic twins. In monochorionic twin, the smaller fetus in GD group showed lower value of MCA/UmA RI ratio than those of the larger fetus, significantly (1.09 vs. 1.28 p<0.05). And in monochorionic twins, the smaller fetus in GD group showed lower value of MCA/UmA RI ratio than the smaller fetus in control group, significantly (1.09 vs. 1.27 p<0.05). The placental weight in dichorionic twin was correlated the birthweight in infants in GD group, positively. Monochorionic twins in GD group had a significantly higher incidence of peripheral cord insertion than those of dichorionic twins in GD group (50.0% vs. 35.7% p<0.01). But dichorionic twins had a significantly higher incidence of central cord insertion than those of monochorionic twins in control group (69.2 vs. 57.4 p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The higher middle cerebral artery blood flows in smaller fetuses of monochorionic twins proved to be circulatory redistribution of the fetus in inadequate intrauterine condition. And these change of middle cerebral blood flow might be understood the part of mechanisms fetal growth and adaptation. Placental weight, number and umbilical cord insertion were also important factors which affected to develop the growth discordance of twin pregnancy.
Arteries ; Fetal Development ; Fetus ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Placenta ; Pregnancy, Twin ; Rheology* ; Twins* ; Umbilical Arteries ; Umbilical Cord*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate hemodynamic change in growth discordant twins using a ratio of middle cerebral artery/umbilical artery resistance index and to assess the relationship between Doppler hemodynamic and the influence of placental chorionisity and umbilical cord insertion. METHODS: 118 live born twin pairs whose birthweight discordance below or above 20% between March 2000 and March 2002 were included in our study. And we divided the two groups in which above 20% of growth discordance (GD) group was GD and below 20% of GD group was control. Chorionisity and umbilical cord insertion in all study subjects within 24 hours after delivery were investigated. And then we classified to monochorionic (MONO), and dichorionic (DI) placenta and the type of insertion of umbilical cord were also classified central, marginal and velamentous type. 56 of twin pairs were performed 153 Doppler flow velocimetry between smaller and larger fetus prenatally. Resistance index (RI) of middle cerebral artery and umbilical artery in each fetus were measured and standardized as a ratio of middle cerebral artery/umbilical artery (MCA/UmA). ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, and chi-square test, were performed and p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: Mean birthweight in monochorionic twins had lighter than those of dichorionic twins (p<0.01). The mean growth discordant ratios were 14.1% in monochorionic twin and 12.1% in dichorionic twins. In monochorionic twin, the smaller fetus in GD group showed lower value of MCA/UmA RI ratio than those of the larger fetus, significantly (1.09 vs. 1.28 p<0.05). And in monochorionic twins, the smaller fetus in GD group showed lower value of MCA/UmA RI ratio than the smaller fetus in control group, significantly (1.09 vs. 1.27 p<0.05). The placental weight in dichorionic twin was correlated the birthweight in infants in GD group, positively. Monochorionic twins in GD group had a significantly higher incidence of peripheral cord insertion than those of dichorionic twins in GD group (50.0% vs. 35.7% p<0.01). But dichorionic twins had a significantly higher incidence of central cord insertion than those of monochorionic twins in control group (69.2 vs. 57.4 p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The higher middle cerebral artery blood flows in smaller fetuses of monochorionic twins proved to be circulatory redistribution of the fetus in inadequate intrauterine condition. And these change of middle cerebral blood flow might be understood the part of mechanisms fetal growth and adaptation. Placental weight, number and umbilical cord insertion were also important factors which affected to develop the growth discordance of twin pregnancy.
Arteries ; Fetal Development ; Fetus ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Placenta ; Pregnancy, Twin ; Rheology* ; Twins* ; Umbilical Arteries ; Umbilical Cord*