The purpose of this research was to develop an information system for diagnostic tests regarding their purpose, method. and notification, and to provide people in the field with easy access to information by using CD-ROM title or data communication. The Joint Application Design Method which is popular in developing information systems was used. First the user requirements for the target system were gathered and analyzed through a survey of patient and nurses in a number of hospitals. Thus. the functions which were to be included were analyzed in details. A list containing all the required tests and their content was defined to be used as the database in the system. Focusing on making the searching procedure easy to use. the researchers defined the input and the output of the system to have for a user-friendly user interface. Searching functions using not only, a name of the test category or a test name itself, but also a disease name were added. Furthermore, the function of maintaining an updated database in an efficient way was also included. This system is useful in that it provides an efficient and effective way to search for any necessary information about diagnostic tests and an easy way to keep the updated database. Based on user and system requirement analysis. user-friendly interface. and the well-defined database. all of which were designed and implemented in this research. it is expected that an Internet-based diagnostic test information system can be developed in a near future.
Access to Information ; CD-ROM ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine* ; Humans ; Information Management ; Information Systems* ; Joints

Computer-Assisted Instruction(CAI) improved the possibility of individualized learning by enhancing the learning efficacy related to the apptitude, competency, speed and perceptual style of each learner. The reason that I introduced the computer in teaching and learning process is based on the assumption that individual differences can be minimized by applying CAI. This has special meaning because in the current teaching and learning system we can not consider the individual differences of learners. Considering the importance of developing individualized learning program, the course of electrophysiology and pathology of K that requires typical memorization and repetition is made as a purpose to increase the efficacy of learning and thus improve the quality of nursing curriculum.
Curriculum ; Electrophysiology ; Individuality ; Learning ; Nursing ; Pathology

Yu-Dong-Kong exercise is to produce heat from rubbing hands and is composed of 10 different types of exercise using warmed hands. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effect of Yu-Dong-Kong exercise on physical function and emotional state in elderly. The design of research is Nonequivalent Control Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The independent variable is Yu-Dong-Kong exercise, and the dependent variables are physical function and emotional state. Subjects are 18 elderly in the experimental group and 16 elderly in control group. All of them are above 60 year old and live in I-city, Kyonggi-do. The exercise period was 4 weeks and data were collected from April to August in 1998. The exercise frequency was once a day. The exercise duration was from 10 to 20 minutes. The measurement tools are modified 1) Cornell Medical Index-Health Questionnaire and 2) Geriatric Depression Scale. Collected data were analyzed by t-test and paired t-test based on the purposes of research using SPSS-Window package. The results are summarized as follows : 1. There was no difference in pre-exercise physical function between two groups(t=-0.95, p=0.35). 2. The hypothesis that "physical function in the experimental group will be improved compared to the control group" was not supported by t-test(t=-0.925, p=0.362). However, the physical function in the experimental group showed much improvement than that in the control group. 3. The hypothesis that "emotional state in the experimental group will be improved compared to the control group" was not supported by t-test(t=-1.715, p=0.096). However, the emotional state in the experimental group showed much improvement than that in the control group. 4. The hypothesis that "physical function will be improved in the post-exercise compared to pre-exercise" was not supported by paired t-test(t=0.302, p=0.766) However, a slight improvement in the physical function was found. For the further study, it is recommended to reevaluate the effect of Yu-Dong-Kong exercise through large number of subjects and long-term study. Also, a separate study with different type of subjects is recommended. In addition, continuation and compliance this strategy for exercise should be developed.
Aged* ; Compliance ; Depression ; Gyeonggi-do ; Hand ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Stroke patient needs rehabilitation after receiving an acute treatment in a hospital. When stroke patient gets involved in an early discharge program, home care nurse plays a pivotal role to make them to gain a full strength and to come back to his/her prior life before he/she is sick. In spite of the importance of home care nursing intervention protocol for home care nurses to perform home care nursing autonomously, home care nursing intervention protocol for stroke patient is rarely developed. Therefore this study was conducted to develop home care nursing protocol that is applicable for stroke patients in home care nursing area. 41 home care nursing charts for stroke patients registered in home care nursing agencies from December 1st 1994 to August 31st 1999 at Y hospitals in Seoul and Won-Ju city were analyzed. 44 home care nurses who were having over three years' experience on stroke patients were participated in this study as a user validity validation group. The results of this study are as follows. 1. 28 nursing diagnoses were selected on the basis of evaluation of nursing diagnoses of stroke patients presented in a previous literature and case studies on home care nursing. 2. 17 nursing diagnoses were classified through the frequency analysis of home care nursing charts for 41 stroke patients who had received home care nursing. The order of sequence was like these: impaired skin integrity, risk for infection, nutritional deficit, impaired physical mobility, constipation, knowledge deficit, ineffective airway clearance, anxiety in family members, risk for aspiration, self care deficit, altered urinary elimination, ineffective individual coping, social isolation, risk for injury, self-esteem disturbance, impaired verbal communication, fatigue of family caregiver. 3. Based on validation on expert and user validities, 44 nursing interventions which were above ICV=0.80 were chosen. 4. Nursing intervention protocols which showed above ICV=0.90 were developed and were like these; pressure ulcer care, position change, preventive care for circulatory dysfunction, tube care : catheter, vital sign monitor, constipation /impaction management, artificial airway management, suction of airway secretion, environmental management : safety, and fall prevention.
Airway Management ; Anxiety ; Caregivers ; Catheters ; Constipation ; Fatigue ; Gangwon-do ; Home Care Services* ; Humans ; Nursing Assessment ; Nursing Diagnosis ; Nursing* ; Pressure Ulcer ; Rehabilitation ; Self Care ; Seoul ; Skin ; Social Isolation ; Stroke* ; Suction ; Vital Signs

PURPOSE: This study was to examine the effectiveness of exercise for bone mineral density (BMD). METHODS: Four investigators reviewed English articles from Pub Med and CINAHL, selecting randomized controlled trials on exercise programs for middle-aged and older women. Out of 25 studies identified, 14 that satisfied with the inclusion criteria were included in the meta-analysis. The quality of the studies was assessed using recognized methods and the effect size was calculated as a Hedges' g using Comprehensive Meta-analysis Version 2.0. Primary outcomes were changes in BMD at femoral neck, trochanter, and lumbar spine. Subgroup analysis included changes in BMD according to exercise style. RESULTS: Weight bearing exercise was effective (Q = 20.1, p > .05, ES = 0.32), and resistance exercise was effective in case of comparing to pre and post intervention (Q = 4.15, p = .98, ES = 0.14). At the femoral neck, 9 study groups were homogeneous and the experimental groups demonstrated a positive effect on BMD (Q = 19.5, p > .05, ES = 0.33). In contrast, marked heterogeneity (Q = 33.3, p < 0.01) was apparent in 7 study groups evaluating trochanter. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that weight bearing is effective for BMD of the femoral neck, and is relevant to the non-pharmacological treatment of bone loss for middle-aged and older women.
Bone Density* ; Female ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis ; Population Characteristics ; Research Personnel ; Spine ; Weight-Bearing

In this study, we developed an educational content for learning the nervous system of human body which is one of the educational topics in basic nursing science. We also developed and operated Homepage program based on that content. This program was designed for providing learning contents consistently to the nursing students and nurses regardless of the education system or location. The strengths of the present study are as follows: 1) Learning contents of the study were systematically developed by the methodological research method, 2) The students who could access the program would be broadened because the program is internet-based, 3) The students and teachers could have effective communication via a visiting list or bulletin board. In the future, it is expected that similar internet based learning programs are developed continuously in many other areas in the basic nursing science as well as the nervous system of human body.
Education* ; Education, Nursing ; Human Body* ; Humans* ; Internet ; Learning ; Nervous System* ; Nursing* ; Students, Nursing

No abstract available.
Hedgehogs ; Tinea ; Trichophyton

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Internet-based distance learning offered to graduate nursing students. Eleven on-line qualitative research methodology classes were delivered via ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) along with three off-line classes to doctoral nursing students. The main components of on-line classes were the electronic blackboard and the on-line discussion board. To examine the effect of distance learning, questionnaires, containing achievement questions and perceptions on on-line classes, were administered to students after one month from initial class and after completing the whole course. The results of the course evaluation survey were analyzed and compared with traditional classroom method. The results indicated that students' knowledge on qualitative research methodology was significantly improved. Students were satisfied with the feedback from instructor and the content of the electronic board. However, traditional classroom method rated higher than distance learning. The amount of assignments, the quality and quantity of discussion, lack of clarification of the course contents, and lack of clear evaluation criteria were the main reasons for the students' dissatisfaction on distance learning. Implications for course improvement include creativity in the course development and active communication with students.
Creativity ; Education, Distance* ; Education, Nursing* ; Humans ; Internet ; Nursing* ; Qualitative Research ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Students, Nursing

The main objectives of this study were: to provide a computerized program for Patients with Cesare an Sec tion in predicting lengths of stay, and to evaluate the model of Automated Critical Pathway in Hospital information System. ; The Results of this study had shown the accessibility to the development of Automated Critical Pathway and can be contributed to aid developing the Automated Critical Pathway for other DRGs. The application of developed Automated Critical Pathway in clinical areas will induce easiness for the users and the substantial effect.
Cesarean Section* ; Critical Pathways* ; Diagnosis-Related Groups ; Female ; Hospital Information Systems ; Humans ; Pregnancy

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to develop a health information web site evaluation categories with items for diabetes mellitus in order to offer verified health information, and to propose directions for development of web sites. METHODS: A preliminary evaluation categories with items was developed using domestic and foreign web site evaluation standards for health information and through a review of the literature. The evaluation categories with items was composed of 'evaluation for web site attributes' and 'evaluation for content information on diabetes mellitus'. Through expert validity tests and a feasibility test of the preliminary tool, the health information Web site evaluation tool for diabetes mellitus was finalized. RESULTS: This evaluation categories with items included 'evaluation for web site attributes' and 'evaluation for content information on diabetes mellitus'. 'Evaluation for web site attributes' included 8 categories with 28 items. The 'evaluation for content information on diabetes mellitus' included 7 categories with 40 items. 'Evaluation component for content' and 'evaluation of category content' included 4 items on 'accuracy', 6 on 'harmfulness' and 3 on 'comprehensibility'. CONCLUSION: From this study guidelines are propose for providing health information for diabetes mellitus, so that health information providers will be able to offer consumers verified good quality health information themselves.
Diabetes Mellitus*