Objective To investigate the prevalence for endemic fluorosis of drinking water type and to discuss the relationship between endemic fluorosis and urinary fluorine in Linyi county, Shanxi province. Methods In 2006, three counties were selected as heavy, medium and control areas according to the distributing feature of the disease. The dental fluorosis in each spots was examined by Dean method. The levels of urinary fluorine were determined by fluorine selective ion electrode. The skeletal fluorosis of adults were examined by X-ray. Results There was evident differences of dental fluorosis and skeletal fluoresis among the heavy and the medium endemic fluorosis and control areas(X~2 = 410.945, P < 0.01 ), the prevalence of dental fluoresis in the medium area and the heavy area were 92.34% (253/274), 90.09% ( 291/323), significantly higher than in the control area[23.27% (64/275), X~2 = 274.927,268.287, all P < 0.01]. The heavy area had the highest rate of the skeletal fluorosis rate [59.75% (141/236) ], the medium area had the middle-level of the skeletal fluorosis rate[24.76%(52/210), X~2 = 183.578, P< 0.01]. Urine fluorine contents in both beavy[ (4.69 ± 0.17)mg/L] and medium areal (4.86 ± 0.13)mg/L] were higher than that in the control areas[ (1.75 ± 0.04)mg/L, H = 411.197, P< 0.01], and there was linear relevance between the different degree of skeletal fluorosis and urine fluorine contents (r = 0.508, P < 0.01). Conclusions The local fluoresis condition of Linyi county in Shanxi province was serious. The degree of skeletal fluorosis is associated with the fluoride content in urine.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical effects of intramedullary fixation of Kirschner pin for the treatment of distal fibula fractures.

METHODSFrom April 2007 to June 2010, thirty patients with the distal fibula fractures were treated with intramedullary fixation of Kirschner pin. There were 22 males and 8 females with an average age of 35.6 years old (22 to 60 years), length of hospital stay was 10 to 30 days (means 15.8 days). There were 20 cases of Transverse fracture and 10 cases of oblique fracture. Evaluation of the function of the ankle joint is based on the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) standard evaluation systems.

RESULTSAll the cases were followed up. The mean followed-up time was 15.5 months (3 to 30 months). All fractures were bone healed, no case suffered infection and nonunion, no case suffered nervus fibularis superficialis injury. According to the AOFAS (American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society) evaluation systems, the total scores after operation was 96.1 +/- 4.3 (the pain was 39.0 +/- 4.0, the fracture force line was 10, the function was 47.1 +/- 2.1. Twenty-eight patients obtained excellent results, 2 good.

CONCLUSIONThis method can be easily operated with the advantages of less pain and safety. It can effectively attenuate the financial burden of the patients. Thus worth being popularized in clinicic and basic level hospital.

Adult ; Female ; Fibula ; injuries ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To genotype mixed samples with next generation sequencing and evaluate its prospects in forensic DNA application. Methods Three mixed biological samples from rapes cases and their reference samples were collected. DNA was extracted using the MagAttract M48 DNA Manual Kit(200). The ForenSeqTMDNA Signature Prep Kit was used for library preparation, and next generation sequencing was performed on the MiSeq FGx system. The ForenSeqTMUniversal Analysis v1.2.1 software was used for data analysis. NGS-based STR results were compared with CE-based genotypes. Results A single length polymorphic STR allele in the mixed profile could be recognized as two sequence polymorphic STR alleles from different donors, which would assist mixed profile analysis. Such phenomenon was observed in D3S1358, D9S1122 and D13S317 in this work. Conclusion Our results suggested that precision STR genotyping of mixed samples based on NGS can provide more information and hints for mixed STR profile separation.

Objective: To investigate the expression of H3.3 G34W mutant-specific antibody in giant cell tumors of bone (GCTB), and its value in the diagnosis of GCTB. Methods: Immunohistochemical (IHC) EnVision method was used to detect the expression of H3.3 G34W mutant-specific antibody and p63 in 83 GCTBs, 18 aneurysmal bone cysts, 23 chondroblastomas and 28 osteosarcomas diagnosed at Nanjing Jinling Hospital from June 2001 to April 2019. Results: Among the 83 cases of GCTB, 69 cases (69/83, 83.1%) expressed H3.3 G34W. H3.3 G34W expression was found exclusively in the mononuclear cell population with strong and diffuse nuclear staining. H3.3 G34W was expressed in 55 of 57 (96.5%) cases of GCTB in long bones, but only 14 of 26 (53.8%) cases of non-long bone GCTB. All recurrent (9/9)/metastatic GCTB (2/2), post-denosumab GCTB (3/3), primary malignant GCTB (3/3) and secondary malignant GCTB (5/5) also expressed H3.3 G34W. H3.3 G34W was negative in all aneurysmal bone cysts and chondroblastomas. H3.3 G34W was positive in 3 of 28(10.7%) cases of osteosarcomas, and giant cell-rich osteosarcoma(GCRO) was the only histological subtype of osteosarcoma that expressed H3.3 G34W. p63 was expressed in 71.1%(59/83) of GCTB, while the positive rates of p63 in aneurysmal bone cysts,chondroblastomas and osteosarcomas were 3/18, 43.5% (10/23) and 21.4% (6/28) respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of H3.3 G34W mutant-specific antibody in the diagnosis of GCTB were 83.1% and 95.7%. Conclusions H3.3 G34W mutant-specific antibody is a highly sensitive and specific marker for GCTB and helpful for the diagnosis of GCTB and its variants. The limitation of this antibody is that as a mall number of GCTB harbor G34 mutation other than G34W, and thus that cannot be detected. The incidental expression of H3.3 G34W mutant protein in osteosarcoma could be a potential diagnostic dilemma, and the results of H3.3 G34W IHC staining needs careful interpretation.

OBJECTIVEITS2 of DNA barcoding was used to study genetic polymorphism of Platycodon grandiflorum.

METHODTotal genomic DNA was isolated from P. grandiflorum. PCR was used to amplified the region of internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2), and PCR products were sequenced. The sequences of ITS2 were analyzed and compared by Clustal. The intraspecies genetic distance was calculated based on Kimura 2-parameter model by using MEGA 5.05. The ITS2 sequence of Codonopsis pilosula was used as the outreach value for plants of the genus, and the phylogenic tree used constructed by Neighbor-Joining (NJ) method.

RESULTThe K2-P's genetic distance of all samples were ranged from 0 to 0.930. The K2-P's genetic distance of samples at the same area were ranged from 0 to 0.178. The K2-P's genetic distance of samples at different areas were ranged from 0.735 to 0.930. The analytical result showed that the degree of genetic variation were heavy in intraspecies of P. grandiflorum and significantly correlated with geographical location.

CONCLUSIONThe DNA barcoding of ITS2 can applied to study the intraspecific genetic diversity, it provides a reference for further development of DNA barcoding technology applications.

China ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Platycodon ; classification ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic

Air Pollutants ; toxicity ; China ; epidemiology ; Cities ; Humans ; Mortality ; Particulate Matter ; toxicity

Objective To provide data for the control and prevention of hepatitis B and HBV surface antigen(HBsAg)status among the appliances and practitioners working in the public service places.Methods 63 beauty parlors,barber shops and bathing centers selected under stratified randomization sampling method and 682 workers were investigated through questionnaire.HBsAg from the appliances of the public service places and employee was detected by RIA.Results Two main sanitizing modes that including alcohol cleaning(34.60%)and ultraviolet light disinfection(30.79%)were used.The rates of testing on HBsAg among the appliances were 2.13% at the public service places,and were 0.63%,2.67% and 3.70% in large-.medium-and small-sized appliances respectively.The rate of testing on HBsAg on large-,medium-and small-sized appliances were statistically different(χ2=6.68,P＜0.05).The positive rates of HBsAg on the appliances of beauty parlors,barbering shops and footbath inns were 2.97%,0.61% and 3.42% respectively.People working in different service sites had different rates of HBsAg:those who worked at the‘acne needle'and the forceps were 5.13% and 4.17%.The positive rate of HBsAg among the workers in the public service places was 7.13%.The rates of HBsAg among the workers in large-,medium-and small-sized public service places were 7.34%,8.33% and 2.94% respectively.The rates of HBsAg among the workers in beauty parlors,barbering shops,footbath inns and bathing centers were 9.01%,6.37%,4.35% and 7.29% respectively.HBsAg positive rates were different among the workers working at different service sites:13.33% at tattoo business.12.68% in pedicures workers and 8.03% in massagists.Conclusion It is important to improve the sanitizing management of the appliances used in the public service places and to improve the knowledge,attitude,as well as practice of vaccination on hepatitis B among those populations.

Objective: To evaluate the role of multidisciplinary team (MDT) clinic in the diagnosis of pancreatic diseases and patient compliance with MDT advice in the current medical system. Methods: The study included 512 patients that had visited the pancreas-oriented MDT clinic of Zhongshan Hospital between May 2015 and May 2019.The clinical and pathological data were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Diseases were classified in accordance with 2010 WHO classification of tumors of the digestive system and usual clinical practices. Compliance was determined according to whether a patient received corresponding therapies or undergoing further checks or follow-ups. Results: Among the 512 patients that had visited the MDT clinic, 121 patients were referred due to undetermined diagnosis. Classified according to the final diagnosis, the rate of undetermined diagnosis in different disease categories from high to low in order was inflammatory diseases of the pancreas (75.0%, 24/32), other lesions of the pancreas (56.1%,23/41), pancreatic cystic lesions (19.1%,17/89), pancreatic carcinomas (18.3%,48/262) and pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNEN)(10.2%,9/88). The MDT clinic made diagnosis to 68 patients directly with an accuracy of 89.7%. The rate of compliance in the entire cohort was 63.4%. The rate of compliance of patients from June 2017 to May 2019 (68.4%) was higher than that of patients from May 2015 to May 2017(59.6%). The compliance rate of patients in different disease categories from high to low in order was inflammatory diseases of the pancreas(84.4%, 27/32), pancreatic carcinomas (67.9%, 178/262), pNEN(60.2%,53/88), other lesions of the pancreas (56.1%,23/41), and pancreatic cystic lesions(49.4%, 44/89). The compliance rate of patients with different MDT advice from high to low in order was best supportive care(78.6%,22/28), antitumor approaches beyond surgery(71.6%,159/222), further tests(62.6%, 77/123), surgery(53.7%, 65/121) and follow-up(49.2%, 31/63). In patients suggested for surgery, the compliance rate of patients with carcinomas(67.4%, 33/49) was higher than patients with other kinds of neoplasms. Conclusions MDT clinic could facilitate the diagnosis of pancreatic diseases conveniently and inexpensively. The overall compliance rate of MDT clinic patients is rather low, and patients with carcinomas have a relative high rate of compliance with the suggestion of surgery.