BACKGROUND: We prospectively evaluated the incidence and possible factors causing intramuscular injection during lumbar sympathetic ganglion block and compared the multiple needle technique to the single technique to obtain a profound and complete block effect. METHODS: Among 83 patients, 58 patients (group A, n = 27, multiple needle technique and group B, n = 31, single needle technique) were reevaluated for the changes of skin temperature (Ts) and mean segment of longitudinal contrast spread. After injecting the contrast agent, the incidence of psoas muscle injection and the change of Ts was compared between two groups. RESULTS: The incidence of psoas muscle injection was 21.3% (46/216) and it was associated with the level of injection (L2) significantly (chi-square = 14.773, P = 0.001). DT(post) (postblock temperature difference between ipsilateral and contralateral great toe, 4.6 +/- 2.8degrees C, 1.8 +/- 1.6degrees C, P < 0.001 for group A and B) and DT(net) (DT(post) - DT(pre), 3.9 +/- 2.7degrees C, 1.5 +/- 1.5degrees C, P < 0.001 for group A and B) was significantly higher in group A. The mean segment of longitudinal contrast spread was 8.1 +/- 0.9 for group A and 3.2 +/- 1.6 for group B (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The LSGB at the L2 level showed the lowest incidence of psoas muscle injection of contrast. Multiple needle approach showed more significant increase of DT(net) and DT(post).
Ganglia, Sympathetic ; Humans ; Incidence ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Needles ; Prospective Studies ; Psoas Muscles ; Skin Temperature ; Toes

No abstract available.
Foreign Bodies* ; Foreign-Body Reaction ; Granuloma ; Granuloma, Foreign-Body* ; Squalene*

No abstract available.
Apocrine Glands ; Hidrocystoma*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Siblings*

Implant fixed prosthesis for the complete edentulous maxilla provides significant benefits in the aspects of functions and esthetics compared with the conventional denture. Implant supported fixed prosthesis are totally supported by implant, and thus stabilizes the prosthesis to the maximum degree as possible. Also, the improved retention and stability of fixed prosthesis enhance patients' psychological and psychosocial health. This clinical presentation describes a maxillary full arch implant-supported fixed prosthesis in complete maxillary edentulous patient who showed vertical and horizontal alveolar bone resorption in the anterior ridge. To rehabilitate the esthetics and proper lip support, the zirconia framework was fabricated and the pink porcelain was veneered to reproduce the natural gingival tissue. After 9 months of follow up, the restorations were maintained without complications and the patient was satisfied with the restoration both functionally and esthetically.
Alveolar Process* ; Bone Resorption ; Dental Porcelain ; Dentures ; Esthetics ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lip ; Maxilla* ; Prostheses and Implants*

The progressive attrition of teeth is a normal process by aging. However, excessive tooth wear with decreased vertical dimension of occlusion and collapse of occlusal plane may cause pathologic pulpal condition, occlusal disharmony, functional disorders and esthetic problems. The change of vertical dimension is required in case that there is no sufficient clearance for restoration or in case that the occlusal relationship is modified. For gaining the vertical dimension, a careful diagnosis is essential prior to starting the restoration treatment. After evaluating adaptation of neuromuscular system of patient during provisional phase, the final restorations can be fabricated. In this case, a 78 year old male with severely worn down dentition was treated. To improve the esthetic appearance and to achieve the ideal occlusal relationship, the full mouth rehabilitation with minimal increase of vertical dimension is planned and diagnostic wax-up was performed at the increased vertical dimension. After evaluation of provisional restorations for 12 weeks, final restorations were fabricated and routine clinical assessments were made. After 1 year, the restorations with newly established occlusal scheme are well maintained without significant complications and esthetically and functionally satisfactory results were obtained.
Aging ; Dental Occlusion ; Dentition* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Mouth Rehabilitation* ; Mouth* ; Tooth ; Tooth Wear ; Vertical Dimension*

Purpose: The characteristics of pediatric dermoid cyst patients. Methods: This was a retrospective chart review of 64 dermoid cyst patients (65 eyes) aged < 18 years. Results: Limbal dermoids and conjunctival dermolipomas were observed in 49 and 16 eyes (48 and 16 patients), respectively. Limbal dermoids were more common in the left eye (61%), particularly on the inferotemporal side (80%). Three (6%) of the patients were diagnosed with Goldenhar syndrome. The horizontal diameter (3.76 ± 1.30 mm) was greater than the vertical diameter (3.74 ± 1.30 mm). Most of the lesions were yellow (35.2%) in color, mildly elevated (n = 19, 55.9%), and not visible when the eyes were closed. The mean best corrected visual acuity was 0.8 ± 0.2 in 23 patients, with mean astigmatism and mean corneal astigmatism values of -2.1 ± 2.2 diopters (D) and -2.0 ± 1.1 D, respectively. None of the conjunctival dermolipoma patients had any ocular history. The left eye (75%), particularly the temporal and superiotemporal conjunctival fornix, was the most commonly affected site. The mean best corrected visual acuity was 0.9 ± 0.0 in seven patients, with an average astigmatism of -0.3 ± 0.2 D. Conclusions Dermoid cysts are congenital benign tumors that may be associated with congenital diseases. They vary in size, location, color, and extent of invasion, and may cause functional problems, such as astigmatism and amblyopia. Therefore, timely surgical treatment is desirable.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the reactions of emergency department nurses to violence. METHODS: Q-methodology which provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used. Thirty emergency department nurses classified 33 selected Q-statements into a normal distribution using a 9 point scale. The collected data was analyzed using the Quanl PC Program. RESULTS: Three types of reactions to violence were identified. The first type(emotional and physical reactions) showed a sense of regret on the selection of an occupation and emotional and physical reactions such as anxiety, fear, depression, hopelessness, heart palpitations and trembling hands due to the violence. The second type(problem solving) actively coped to prevent the occurrence of violence, grasped the causes of violence and sought out a problem solving plan. The third type(anger reactions) felt a lot of anger against violence, and resented their reality of working under conditions of inadequately secured facilities and systems. CONCLUSION: The emotional and physical reactions type and the anger reactions type should be required to attend educational programs to improve attitudes and abilities to solve the problems in a more active and positive manner.
Adult ; *Attitude of Health Personnel ; Demography ; *Emergency Nursing ; Female ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Male ; Nurses/*psychology ; Q-Sort ; *Violence

PURPOSE: To report a case of eccrine spiradenoma that presented as an eyelid nodule. CASE SUMMARY: A 61-year-old female presented with a mass in the right upper lid margin; the onset time was unknown. An ophthalmic examination revealed no abnormalities except the eyelid nodule. The nodule was 3 mm in size with a firm, smooth surface and light pinkish color, and was located near the lid margin. Excision and biopsy of the nodule was performed. The pathological findings of the specimen obtained showed islands of 2 types of lobular cells. Larger, paler cells were grouped around the central area, darker and smaller cells on the periphery. These findings were compatible with eccrine spiradenoma. CONCLUSIONS: Eccrine spiradenoma should be considered a differential diagnosis of a solitary eyelid tumor.
Biopsy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Eyelids* ; Female ; Humans ; Islands ; Middle Aged

Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumor of the female genital tract. Traditional therapy for symptomatic fibroids has been either myomectomy or hysterectony, depending on whether futhur fertility is desire. A promised new altermative therapy-embolization of the uterine arteries- is now available. A 29 year-old woman was diagnosed of uterine fibroid by ultrasonogram and other techniques. We have experienced one case of uterine fibroid necrosis after transarterial embolization. Now we report a case of uterine artery embolization for treattement of uterine fibriods with a brief review.
Adult ; Female ; Fertility ; Humans ; Leiomyoma* ; Necrosis* ; Ultrasonography ; Uterine Artery Embolization