Introduced in this paper are the current situation of biobank in China in the context of precision medicine.As a vital platform of precision medicine,biobank constitutes a resource support for this plan.Establishing high quality biobank has important implications for the implement of precision medicine in China.This paper focused on the problems existing in biobank development in the context of precision medicine and put forward corresponding countermeasures as well as suggestions.

Vascular endothelial growth factor,hypoxia inducible factor,interleukin,angiopoietin-like protein,integrin and epithelial mesenchymal transition can provide nutritional support and favorable environment for the growth,invasion and metastasis of cancer cells.Researches about mechanisms of the angiogenesis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma may provide more ideas and potential targets for the anti-angiogenesis targeted therapy.

Objective:To compare the value of new gastric cancer screening scoring system and serum pepsinogen (PG) combined with gastrin-17 (G-17) (new ABC method) in screening gastric cancer and precancerous lesions.Methods:A total of 576 patients were enrolled after the examination of endoscopy at Endoscopy Center,Department of Gastroenterology,from December 2017 to December 2019. There were 275 males and 301 females with an age of 40-72 (52±10) years. According to the new ABC method and the new gastric cancer screening scoring system, the population was divided into three groups according to age,gender,serum helicobacter pylori antibody test, PG Ⅰ/PG Ⅱ(PGR) and G-17 before endoscopy. The detection rates of gastric cancer and atrophic gastritis by two different methods were analyzed and the value in screening gastric cancer and precancerous lesions were evaluated. Statistical analysis was accomplished by Chi-square test and Gamma coefficient analysis. Results:A total of 576 patients were enrolled. According to the new ABC method, 382 patients were classified into low-risk group, 170 patients into middle-risk group and 24 patients into high-risk group, respectively. In the new ABC method, 1 case of gastric cancer (0.3%) was detected in low-risk group, 8 cases (4.7%) in middle-risk group and 3 cases (12.5%) in high-risk group. As for atrophic gastritis, 89 cases (23.3%) was detected in low-risk group, 94 cases (55.3%) in middle-risk group and 18 cases (75.0%) in high-risk group. According to the new gastric cancer screening scoring system, 336 patients were classified into low-risk group, 205 patients into middle-risk group and 35 patients into high-risk group, respectively. One case of gastric cancer (0.3%) was detected in low-risk group, 6 cases (2.9%) in middle-risk group and 5 cases (14.3%) in high-risk group. As for atrophic gastritis, 41 cases (12.2%) were detected in low-risk group, 134 cases (65.4%) in middle-risk group and 26 cases (74.3%) in high-risk group. In this two methods, the prevalence of gastric cancer increased according to the disease stage ( χ2 =22.509, P<0.01; χ2=24.156, P<0.01); in terms of atrophic gastritis, the detection rate of the new screening scoring system in the low-risk group was significantly lower than that in the new ABC method ( χ2=14.844, P<0.01), but higher in the middle-risk group ( χ2=3.955, P=0.047). Gamma coefficient test showed that there were strong correlations between gastroscopy pathology and classification grade of both methods ( P<0.01). Conclusions:Both methods are suitable for screening gastric cancer and precancerous lesions, and the new scoring system may be more valuable in screening gastric cancer and precancerous lesions.

Objective:To evaluate the new scoring system for gastric cancer screening and risk assessment of gastric precancerous lesions.Methods:A total of 442 patients who underwent endoscopy due to stomach discomfort at the First Hospital of Jiaxing from March 2018 to September 2019 were enrolled. The patients were divided into three groups based on the new scoring system for gastric cancer screening before endoscopy: low-risk group (0-11 points), median-risk group (12-16 points) and high-risk group (17-23 points). The detection rates of gastric cancer and atrophic gastritis in three groups were analyzed. According to the range or degree of atrophy or intestinal metaplasia, patients were divided into five groups of stage 0 to Ⅳ based on the operative link for gastritis assessment (OLGA) or operative link for gastritis intestinal metaplasia (OLGIM). The correlation between the new gastric cancer screening scoring system and OLGA or OLGIM staging system were evaluated.Results:Among 442 patients, 211 were assigned to low-risk group, 207 median-risk group and 24 high-risk group according to the new scoring system. For OLGA staging system, there were 241 cases of stage-0, 105 of stage-Ⅰ, 58 stage-Ⅱ, 27 stage-Ⅲ and 11 stage-Ⅳ. For OLGIM staging system, there were 224 cases of stage-0, 113 stage-Ⅰ, 61 stage-Ⅱ, 31 stage-Ⅲ and 13 stage-Ⅳ. The pepsinogen (PG) Ⅰ and pepsinogen ratio (PGR) levels had differences among different OLGA stages ( F=2.844, P=0.027; F=5.435, P=0.001), and these two variables at Stage-Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly lower than three other OLGA stages (all P<0.001). The PGR level had differences among different OLGIM stages ( F=3.887, P=0.008), which was significantly lower at Stage-Ⅳ than at other OLGIM stages (all P<0.001). Gamma coefficient analysis and Kendall′s tau-b analysis showed significant correlations between OLGA/OLGIM staging system and new gastric cancer screening scoring system ( P<0.001). Conclusion:The new scoring system is reliable for gastric cancer screening, and is closely linked with OLGA/OLGIM staging system in the risk assessment of gastric precancerous lesions.

Animals ; Dentate Gyrus ; Hippocampus ; Rats ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta ; Sleep ; Spatial Learning

Objective To investigate the effects of methylated CpG islands in the promoter region on the expression of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 3DL1 (KIR3DL1).Methods Three voluntary unpaid blood donors carrying high expression allele KIR 3DL1*01502 and three donors carrying low expres-sion allele KIR3DL1*005 were recruited in this study .The nucleotide sequences and the methylated CpG islands in the promoter regions of KIR 3DL1*01502 allele and KIR3DL1*005 allele were analyzed .The NK cells expressing KIR3DL1*01502 and KIR3DL1*005 were respectively treated with 5-aza for the dem-ethylation of CpG islands within the promoters .The expression of KIR3DL1 protein on the surface of NK cells was measured with flow cytometer .Results Two differences at nucleotide sites -65 and -269 were detected within the promoter regions of KIR3DL1*01502 and KIR3DL1*005, resulting in two distinct CpG islands.The CpG islands within the promoter of KIR 3DL1*01502 allele were highly methylated .The ex-pression of KIR3DL1 protein on NK cells which carried KIR 3DL1*01502 allele was significantly increased after the demethylation of CpG islands .However , the treatment of demethylation had no significant effects on the expression KIR3DL1 protein on NK cells harboring KIR3DL1*005 allele.Conclusion The methylated CpG islands within the promoter of KIR 3DL1*01502 allele affected the antigen expression on the surface of NK cells.Different KIR3DL1 alleles might show different mechanisms in regulating antigen expression .

Objective To explore the value of SpyGlass (direct visualization system) guided laser lithotripsy for large bile duct stones in ERCP.Methods Thirty-three patients with large bile duct stones were randomly assigned to two groups: SpyGlass guided laser lithotripsy group (n =16) and mechanical lithotripsy group (n =17).All patients underwent ERCP procedures for stones extraction.The success rate of complete stone removal, the early complication rate related to the procedure and procedure time were compared between the two groups.Results The success rate of complete stone removal in SpyGlass guided laser lithotripsy group was higher than that of the mechanical lithotripsy group [75.0％ (12/16) VS 41.2％ (7/17) ,P ＜ 0.05].There were no significant differences between two groups in either procedure time [(51.6 ± 18.6) min VS (60.4 ± 12.3) min, P ＞ 0.05] or the early complication rate related to the procedure (18.8％ VS 5.9％ ,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion SpyGlass guided laser lithotripsy is safe and effective for large bile duct stones.

Objective To explore the prophylactic effect of methylprednisolone combined with granisetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting.Methods Two hundred patients scheduled for lumpectomy of breast were randomly divided into four groups with 50 cases each.The patients in group M1 received a pre-anesthesia intravenous doses of methylprednisolone 25 mg,the patients in group M2 were injected methylpredsisolone 25 mg repeatedly four hours later,in group D received a pre-anesthesia doses of dexamethasone 5 mg,in group N normal saline 2 ml.All the four groups of patients received granisetron 3 mg intravenously at the end of surgery.The incidence of nausea and vomiting in the 24 hours were observed.Results The PONV incidences of group M1,M2,D,N were 36%,18%,38% and 58%.Both group M1,M2 and D significantly decreased the total inci-dence of PONV (P <0.05)in the 24 h.The incidence of PONV was significantly lower in group M2, compared with group M1 and group D respectively (P <0.05).Conclusion Methylprednisolone-gran-isetron combination is as equally effective as dexamethasone-granisetron combination for preventing PONV in lumpectomy,but repeated methylprednisolone after 4 h is more effective than dexametha-sone and single-used methylprednisolone.

Objective To investigate the predictors of deep remission in patients with Crohn′s disease (CD)treated with infliximab.Methods From February 2008 to February 2015 ,the clinical, laboratory and follow up data of 44 CD patients who received infliximab treatment and maintained clinical remission over six months were retrospectively analyzed.Mucosal healing was defined as no ulcer under endoscopy.Deep remission was defined as clinical remission with mucosal healing.According to results of endoscopy examination,the enrolled patients were divided into deep remission group and non-deep remission group.T test or Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for comparison of measurement data between groups,and chi square test was performed for the rate comparison.Multivariate analysis was made with Logistic regression.Results Median age of 44 patients was 19.5 yeares,39 males (88.6%),five females (11 .4%),and the median disease duration was 35 .0 months (18.5 to 73.5 months).Deep remission was achieved in 20 CD patients with long-time follow-up (median follow-up time 19 months,12 to 29 months). The mean duration of achieving deep remission was (28.9 ± 14.3 )weeks.There was no statistically significant difference between 20 patients with deep remission and 24 patients without deep remission in age of onset,disease duration,smoking status,Montreal phenotype,concurrent medications (mesalazine, steroids and azathioprine ), as well as body mass index (BMI ) and laboratory tests (erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP),hemoglobin (Hb)and platelet (PLT)count)before administrating.The results of Logistic regression demonstrated that extraintestinal manifestations (arthralgia)(odds ratio (OR)=29.9,95 % confidence interval (CI )1 .26 -714.20,P =0.036),normalization of hs CRP at 14 th week after induced remission (OR=0.88,95 %CI 0.78-0.99, P =0.045)and thrombocytopenia (OR = 0.98,95 %CI 0.96 - 0.99,P = 0.016 )were independent predictive factors of deep remission.Conclusions Infliximab could effectively maintain long term deep remission in treatment of CD.Arthralgia,normalization of hsCRP and PLT counts at 14 th week after induced remission are predictive factor of deep remission.

Objective The purpose of this study is to explore the clinical value of CT angiography( CTA) in the diagnosis of multiple intracranial aneurysms.Methods The data of CTA and DSA from 74 patients with multiple intracra-nial aneurysms from July 2011 to March 2015 were reviewed retrospectively.Results One hundred seventy-seven aneu-rysms were detected by DSA, and 175 aneurysms were detected by CTA.Among the aneurysms identified by CTA, 4 aneu-rysms were false positive and the correct detection rate of CTA was 96.6%.One hundred sixty-five aneurysms identified by CTA were confirmed by DSA and the correct diagnostic rate of CTA was 96.5%.CTA failed to detect 6 aneurysms and mis-diagnosed 10 aneurysms.Conclusions The correct detection rate and diagnostic rate of CT angiography ( CTA) in multiple intracranial aneurysms is relatively high.But previous surgery, spasm of the vessels, the size and number of aneurysms, radiologists'experience can influence the accuracy of ( CTA) in the diagnosis of multiple intracranial aneurysms, indicating that we should combine CTA with DSA to avoid the misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.