No abstract available.

The digital workflow of optical impressions by the intraoral scanner and CADCAM manufacture of dental prostheses is actively developing. The complex process of traditional impression taking, definite cast fabrication, wax pattern making, and casting has been shortened, and the number of patient’s visits can also be reduced. Advances in intraoral scanner technology have increased the precision and accuracy of optical impression, and its indication is progressively widened toward the long span fixed dental prosthesis. This case report describes the long span implant case, and the operator fully utilized digital workflow such as computer-guided implant surgical template and CAD-CAM produced restoration after the digital impression. The provisional restoration and customized abutments were prepared with the optical impression taken on the same day of implant surgery. Moreover, the final prosthesis was fabricated with the digital scan while utilizing the same customized abutment from the provisional restoration. During the data acquisition step, stl data of customized abutments, previously scanned at the time of provisional restoration delivery, were imported and automatically aligned with digital impression data using an ‘A.I. abutment matching algorithm’ the intraoral scanner software. By using this algorithm, it was possible to obtain the subgingival margin without the gingival retraction or abutment removal. Using the digital intraoral scanner’s advanced functions, the operator could shorten the total treatment time. So that both the patient and the clinician could experience convenient and effective treatment, and it was possible to manufacture a prosthesis with predictability.

No abstract available.
Ciliary Motility Disorders*

BACKGROUND: There has been a lot of changes in prehospital medical environment with development of EMSS(emergency medical service systems). Especially in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, the patients could survive when they are moved to the hospitals earlier. The purpose of this research is to know the status of EMSS in Korea by analyzing CPR(cardiopulmonary resuscitation) outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients at 3 hospital in the western area of Seoul and Incheon. METHODS: From July 1997 to June 1998, we collected data about out-of-hospital cardiac arrest victims at Ewha Womens University Mokdong Hospital, Catholic University Medical College St. Mary Hospital, and Kachon University Chung Ang Gil Hospital. We used same record form based on the 'Utstein Style'. RESULTS: CPR were performed in 265 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients at 3 hospitals. One hundred twelve(42.3%) patients recovered the spontaneous circulation at least once and eight(3.0%) patients discharged alive. One hundred ninety four(73.2%) patients died of medical causes, one hundred two(38.5%) cardiogenic and ninety two(34.7%) non-cardiogenic, and seventy(26.4%) patients died of traumatic causes. Initial EKG showed VT/VF(ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation) in thirty one(11.7%) patients, asystole in one hundred fifty one(57.0%) patients and other rhythms in eighty three(31.3%) patients. Among one hundred two cardiogenic cardiac arrest patients, two(2.0%) patients was discharged alive. CONCLUSION: Overall survival rate of out-of-hospital cardiac angst patients was 3% which was poorer than that of the western country. The proportion of the cardiogenic cause was 3% which was only hart of the western country. VT/VF is relatively not common as a initial EKG rhythm. These differences might be due to difference in the prevalence pattern of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest as well as prematurity of the EMSS.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Arrest ; Humans ; Incheon ; Korea ; Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest* ; Prevalence ; Seoul ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: The objective of this investigation was to identify the postpartum change in breastfeeding rate and mothers' perception of breastfeeding. The investigation was carried out to make plans for the education of mothers regarding breastfeeding. METHODS: Total of 284 mothers, who delivered healthy full-term babies at Dongdaemun Hospital, Medical College, Ewha Womans University, were interviewed and asked to complete a questionnaire on breastfeeding during their postpartum stays in the hospital. They were contacted by telephone 1, 2 and 3 months after delivery and asked similar questions regarding feeding of the babies. RESULTS: At the time of delivery, 99.6% of mothers planned breastfeeding, including 54.2% of exclusive breastfeeding, and only 0.4% formula feeding. The duration of breastfeeding planned was mostly for 4 to 6 months. Persons who recommended breastfeeding to mothers were mostly a family member with doctors scarcely advising breastfeeding. Between 1 month and 3 months after delivery, exclusive breastfeeding rate was sustained at 28%, but a large number of mothers who partially breastfed their babies initially changed to formula feeding. The reasons for discontinuation of breastfeeding were the insufficient milk(52%), returning to work(12-18%), etc. CONCLUSION: Breastfeeding education programs should not only include antenatal plans for exclusive breastfeeding, but also focus on support for breastfeeding to those partially breastfeeding mothers, since the failure to breastfeed occurs mainly within the first month after delivery.
Breast Feeding* ; Education ; Female ; Humans ; Mothers ; Postpartum Period ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Telephone

PURPOSE: The best predictors of prognosis in prostate cancer are the stage of disease and histologic differentiation. But, preoperative prediction of pathologic stage in prostate cancer is currently limited and histologic differentiation may be somewhat subjective. Therefore, more accurate predictors of biological progression are needed. The author designed this study to determine the prediction efficacies of neovascularity and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labeling index using immunohistochemical staining. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Immunohistochemical stains in 48 cases of prostate cancers and 5 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were performed and analysed. Microvessels were identified by immunostaining of endothelial cells for factor VIII-related antigen. PCNA labeling indices were obtained in 200X field by counting more than 1,000 cells. RESULTS: 1. The mean microvessel count (MVC) was 34.2+/-5.9 per 200X field in BPH group and 63.5+/-38.6 (p<0.05) in prostate cancer group. The mean MVCs were 32.2, 38.3, 58.8, 78.1 and 86.8, from grade I to V respectively. According to stage, the mean MVCs were 40.8, 48.5, 55.0 and 89.0 from A to D. Between well (grade I-III) and poorly (grade IV-V) differentiated cancer group, there was significant difference in MVC (p<0.05). And also, the difference between localized and metastatic groups was statistically significant. High MVC (MVC->60) group survived longer than low MVC group, but the difference was not significant. 2. The mean PCNA labeling indices were 14.6+/-8.0% in BPH group and 32.3 +/- 15.4% in cancer group. According to Gleason grade, the mean PCNA labeling indices showed 33,4%, 30.8%, 26.3%, 38.0% and 36.6% from I to V respectively. The mean values were 23.1%, 27.4%, 30.4% and 36.2% in stage A, B, C and D. Between localized and metastatic groups, the difference of PCNA labeling index was not statistically significant. The mean survival of high labeling index (>=30%) group was 66.0 +/- 12.2 months contrasted with 72.4 +/- 14.6 months of low labeling index group (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Microvessel density in prostate adenocarcinoma may be an another prognostic factor supporting clinical stage and histologic differentiation. But negative results were obtained for PCNA labeling index from this study. To further define MVC as a predictor of prostate cancer, more enthusiastic and well designed studies are needed.
Adenocarcinoma ; Coloring Agents ; Endothelial Cells ; Microvessels ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Prognosis* ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen* ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; von Willebrand Factor

No abstract available.
Meningitis, Aseptic*

No abstract available.
Humans

It is not unconimm that the monoclonal gammopathies occur in patients with demyelinating peripheral neuropathy. The IgM.-protein from those patients reacted with peripheral nerve myelin, which was first identified as the MAG (myelinassociated glycoprotein). In this study the authors tried to understand the pathogenetic mechanism of anti-MAG antibod by studying the expression of the anti MAG antibody in Epstein-Barr virus transformed lymphocytes of umbrical cord. The positive bands for anti-NMG antibody were found in 10 out of 320 sera of peripheral neuropathies by the thin layer chromatography of the glycolipids from bovine peripheral myelin. The positive anti-MAG expressions were found in 5 of 31 supernatant wells from EB virus transformed lymphocytes of umbrical cords, which tended to. Develop the antibody activity in the supernatants cultured more than ten days. The study indicates. In part that the anti-MAG antibody may be occurred by the autoimmune mechanism as the antibodies are expressed m the EB virus transformed lymphocytes which have never been exposed to foreign antigens so far However the automimune mechanism can be supported more by knowing the mcreased frequency of CD5 positive B cells in cases with high titer of anti-MAG antibodies.
Antibodies ; B-Lymphocytes ; Chromatography, Thin Layer ; Glycolipids ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Lymphocytes* ; Myelin Sheath ; Paraproteinemias ; Peripheral Nerves ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases*

A subset of human B lymphocytes expresses Leu-l(CD5), a pan T cell markers which is the equivalent of the murine Lyt-1 molecule. The CD5+ B lymphocytes produce autoantibodies such as antibodies to thyrroglobulin, ssDNA, and IgG(rheumatoid factor) in vitro. We studied the frequency of CD5+ B lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with myasthenia gravis compared with these of controls. The heparinized venous blood were drawn from the 18 MG patients and 15 healthy controls. Mononuclear cells were isolated and stained with anti-human Leu-12/FITC(CD19) and anti-human Leu-l/PE(CD5). Following staining, the number of positive cells was determined by flow cytometry. The mean frequency+/-SD of CD5+ B cells in the peripheral blood of MG patients was 24.6+/-18.7% with a range of 4.1 to 78.5%. For controls the mean frequency was 15.1+13.4% with a range of 0 to 38. 1%. Although we could not find any significant statistical difference (p=0.0763) in the frequency of CD5+ B lymphocyte between the MG patients and controls in this study, them was significant correlation(p=0.03) between the frequency of CD5+ B lymphocytes and the serum anti-AChR Ab titer, This may suggest possible role of CD5+ B lymphocyte in the production of anti-AChR Ab and thus producing neuromuscular transmission defect in myasthenia gravis.
Antibodies ; Autoantibodies ; B-Lymphocytes* ; Flow Cytometry ; Heparin ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Myasthenia Gravis*