No abstract available.
Dermoscopy* ; Diagnosis

The prenatal diagnosis of spina bifida includes the combined use of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) screening and fetal sonography. On ultrasonogram, spina bifida is characterizd by visualization of the spinal defect and associated cranial abnomalities: the Lemon sign, the Banana sign, ventriculomegaly, small biparietal diameter, and obliteration of the cisterna magna. We should now be able to rely on ultrasound as the main technique for diagnosis of spina bifida when MSAFP is elevated. Recently, we have experienced three cases of spina bifida diagnosed with meningomyelocele, lemon sign, banana sign and ventriculomegaly on ultrasonogram at respectively 18+3, 18, and 18+6 weeks of gestation. We present these cases with a brief review of literatures.
alpha-Fetoproteins ; Cisterna Magna ; Diagnosis ; Mass Screening ; Meningomyelocele ; Musa ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Spinal Dysraphism* ; Ultrasonography*

No abstract available.
Calcinosis*

No abstract available.
Uterine Prolapse*

No abstract available.
Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

BACKGROUND: In this study, we identified the cutoff value for the percentage in body fat related to metabolic syndrome in elderly people with normal body mass index (BMI). We also found the correlation between body fat percentage and metabolic syndrome. METHODS: We used data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted from 2008 to 2011. Our subjects were elderly people aged 65 or above, with BMI less than 23.0 kg/m2. We determined the cutoff value for body fat percentage through receiver operating characteristic analysis. RESULTS: The cutoff value for percentage body fat related to metabolic syndrome was 19.5% for men (sensitivity 68.0%, specificity 62.9%) and 30.0% for women (sensitivity 55.1%, specificity 62.0%). Based on the cutoff value, 43.3% in men and 43.1% in women were classified into the high body fat percentage group. After adjusting for age, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and exercise status, the men with higher than normal body fat percentage had an odds ratio of 3.61 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.10-6.22; p<0.001) for developing metabolic syndrome, whereas women had an odds ratio of 1.95 (95% CI, 1.30-2.92; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The cutoff value for body fat percentage related to metabolic syndrome was lower in elderly. In the elderly with normal body mass index, high percentage of body fat percentage was associated with a high risk of metabolic syndrome.
Adipose Tissue* ; Aged* ; Alcohol Drinking ; Body Mass Index ; Female ; Humans ; Ideal Body Weight* ; Male ; Nutrition Surveys ; Obesity ; Odds Ratio ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Smoke ; Smoking

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to conduct a grounded theoretical analysis on the hospital accreditation experience of head nurses in order to understand their behavior on the adaption of this new system. METHODS: The participants were 8 head nurses with more than 3 years of experience. The data were collected through in-depth interviews using audiotape recording analyzed by the constant comparative method described in Strauss and Corbin's methodology. RESULTS: There were 113 concepts, 26 subcategories and 12 categories identified through the open coding process. In the axial coding, the following paradigm model was proposed: 1) the causal conditions were ‘hardware problem’ and ‘software problem’, 2) the contextual conditions were ‘vertical relationship’, ‘individual preference’, and ‘family support’, 3) the intervening conditions were ‘passive conditions’ and ‘active conditions’, 4) the action/interaction strategies were ‘leading role’ and ‘dependent role’, 5) the consequences were ‘positive acceptance’ and ‘negative acceptance’, 6) the central phenomenon was ‘difficult situation’ and 7) the core category was ‘leading in harmony’. CONCLUSION: The new system led head nurses having difficulties as the middleman between the hospital administration and general nurses, but they made a continuous effort to overcome and adapt to it through a number of strategies.
Accreditation* ; Clinical Coding ; Grounded Theory ; Head* ; Hospital Administration ; Hospitals, General* ; Methods ; Nursing, Supervisory* ; Tape Recording

BACKGROUND: There is concem about the rising incidence of skin cancer. However, few articles have reported the change in the clinical and epidemiological aspects of skin cancer. OBJECTIVE: We performed this study in order to clarifiy the recent changes in cutaneous premalignant and malignant lesions. METHODS: A statistical analysis was made using 101 cases of cutaneous premalignant lesions and 205 cases of ma]ignant tumors out of a total number of 20,175 new outpatients that visited the Department of Dermatology at the Seoul National University Hospital during a 6 year period(1990-1995). RESULTS: The frequency of premalignant lesions was 0.50% and that of malignant tumors was 1.02%. The frequency showed an increasing tendency compared to previous reports. In the premalignant lesion cases, actinic keratosis was most common and represented a figure of 82.2%. Among the malignant tumors, basal cell carcinoma was most frequent at 24.4%. Age, sex and anatomical site distribution of basal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma was no different. The mean age of squamous cell carcinoma was greater than in previous reports and main preceding lesions were actinic keratosis and cheilitis. The frequency of lymphoma was markedly increased but the reason for this remains to be determined. CONCLUSION: Our findings showed the continous increasing incidence of skin cancers and emphasize the need for public eduacation, early diagnosis and proper treatment.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cheilitis ; Dermatology ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Keratosis, Actinic ; Lymphoma ; Melanoma ; Outpatients ; Seoul ; Skin Neoplasms ; Statistics as Topic*

No abstract available.
Hair Follicle* ; Hair* ; Nevus*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Apoptosis* ; Collagen* ; Insulin* ; Rats* ; Streptozocin*