No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

No abstract available.
Atrophy ; Pityriasis* ; Tinea Versicolor*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the early trauma history between young/middle adulthood patients and earlier/later older adulthood patients with panic disorder (PD). METHODS: 216 patients with PD and 76 healthy controls (HCs) were included for analysis. Patients with PD were operationally dichotomized into two groups of young/middle adulthood (age below 50 years) and earlier/later older adulthood (age 50 years or over) to compare the early trauma history between two groups. Data of sociodemographic factors, self-reported shortened form of the Early Trauma Inventory (ETI), and the Albany Panic and Phobia Questionnaire (APPQ) were analyzed. RESULTS: Patients with PD showed higher scores of ETI than HCs. Young/middle adulthood PD showed statistically significantly higher levels of general trauma (t=-2.088, p=0.041), physical abuse (t=-2.456, p=0.014), emotional abuse (t=-3.690, p=0.000), and total scores of trauma (t=-3.534, p=0.001) except sexual abuse. In the young/middle adulthood PD group, ETI scores were significantly correlated with APPQ scores while no significant correlation with ETI was found in earlier/later older adulthood PD. CONCLUSION: These results show that PD is statistically associated with early trauma history and that early trauma history is more significantly related with PD in young/middle adulthood than earlier/later older adulthood. These findings suggest that the age factor should be considered in clinical practice for patients with PD.
Age Factors ; Humans ; Panic Disorder* ; Panic* ; Phobic Disorders ; Physical Abuse ; Sex Offenses

BACKGROUND: The cause of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) is unknown. Recent studies suggest that IPD occurs less frequently in smokers than in non-smokers, but remains a controversial topic. We performed a case-control study to investigate the relationship between IPD and smoking in Korea. METHODS:The smoking histories of 624 IPD patients were compared with 622 age- and sex-matched control subjects at the Asan Medical Center. Detailed informa-tion on smoking behavior was identified from a questionnaire and self report. A conditional logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and control for potential confounds. RESULTS: With "never-smokers" as the refer-ence category, there was an inverse association between past-smokers and IPD (OR 0.617, p=0.029), and a stronger inverse association of IPD with current-smokers (OR 0.389, p<0.001). When smokers were stratified by the interval "since quitting", there was an inverse association between those who stopped smoking more than 10 years ago and IPD (OR 0.753, p=0.31), and a greater inverse relationship with those who stopped smoking 1 to 10 years (OR 0.489, p=0.017). A significant trend of decreased risk of IPD with pack-years of smoking was detected. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that IPD occurs less often in smokers than in non-smokers. The inverse dose-response relationship between smoking and IPD provides indirect evidence that smoking is biologically protective.
Case-Control Studies ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Odds Ratio ; Parkinson Disease* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Self Report ; Smoke* ; Smoking*

No abstract available.
Parkinson Disease*

Acne fulminans (AF) is a rare severe form of acne associated with systemic symptoms. It primarily affects male adolescents and is clinically characterized by painful ulcerative nodules on the face, chest, and back. The associated systemic symptoms, such as fever, myalgia, and arthralgia, are usually present at the onset. The etiology of AF remains unknown, but there are many theories, such as increased androgens, autoimmune complex disease, and genetic predisposition. Treatment can be challenging because its response to traditional acne therapies is poor. A combination of oral steroids and isotretinoin is the most recommended treatment. Herein, we report a case of a 16-year-old Korean man with acne fulminans presenting with tender, hemorrhagic, crusted, inflammatory nodules on the upper chest, which occurred after isotretinoin use. After treatment with oral isotretinoin and pulsed dye laser for 23 weeks, most of the lesions healed leaving some scars.
Acne Vulgaris* ; Adolescent ; Androgens ; Arthralgia ; Cicatrix ; Fever ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Isotretinoin* ; Lasers, Dye ; Myalgia ; Steroids ; Thorax ; Ulcer

No abstract available.
Bezoars* ; Cola*

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate effect of pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) neuromodulation of suprascpaular nerve (SSN) in patients with chronic shoulder pain due to adhesive capsulitis and/or rotator cuff tear. METHODS: The study included 11 patients suffering from chronic shoulder pain for at least 6 months who were diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis (n=4), rotator cuff tear (n=5), or adhesive capsulitis+rotator cuff tear (n=2) using shoulder magnetic resonance imaging or extremity ultrasonography. After a favorable response to a diagnostic suprascapular nerve block twice a week (pain improvement >50%), PRF neuromodulation was performed. Shoulder pain and quality of life were assessed using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) before the diagnostic block and every month after PRF neuromodulation over a 9-month period. RESULTS: The mean VAS score of 11 patients before PRF was 6.4+/-1.49, and the scores at 6-month and 9 month follow-up were 1.0+/-0.73 and 1.5+/-1.23, respectively. A significant pain reduction (p<0.001) was observed. The mean OSS score of 11 patients before PRF was 22.7+/-8.1, and the scores at 6-month and 9 month follow-up were 41.5+/-6.65 and 41.0+/-6.67, respectively. A significant OSS improvement (p<0.001) was observed. CONCLUSION: PRF neuromodulation of the suprascapular nerve is an effective treatment for chronic shoulder pain, and the effect was sustained over a relatively long period in patients with medically intractable shoulder pain.
Adhesives ; Bursitis ; Chronic Pain ; Extremities ; Failed Back Surgery Syndrome ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Nerve Block ; Quality of Life ; Rotator Cuff ; Shoulder Pain* ; Shoulder* ; Spinal Cord Stimulation ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND: Arterial stiffness is an important factor in atherosclerosis. Thus we examined whether aerobic exercise could reduce arterial stiffness in obese women with type 2 diabetes without diabetic complication. METHODS: A total of 35 women with type 2 diabetes (body mass index, 26.6+/-2.8 kg/m2; age, 56.4+/-1.9 years; duration of diabetes, 4.7+/-4.8 years) were assigned to aerobic exercise group (AEG) or control group (CG). AEG completed a 12-week exercise program (3.6 to 5.2 metabolic equivalents, 3 day/week, 60 min/day), with their exercise activities monitored by accelerometers. We measured abdominal total fat area (TFA), visceral fat area (VFA), and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) by computed tomography, insulin sensitivity by insulin tolerance test (K(ITT)), and augmentation index (AIx) by SphygmoCor at baseline and at the end of the 12-week program. RESULTS: The AIx was improved in the AEG compared with the CG (P<0.001). The percent change of AIx had significant correlation with the improvement of physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE), aerobic capacity, TFA, and SFA (r=-0.416, P=0.013; r=0.560, P<0.001; r=0.489, P=0.003; r=0.531, P=0.001, respectively), but not with insulin sensitivity, energy intake, or VFA. CONCLUSION: Improvement in aortic stiffness by aerobic exercise is related with the improvement of aerobic capacity, PAEE, and total fat but not with insulin sensitivity or energy intake in obese women with type 2 diabetes.
Abdominal Fat ; Atherosclerosis ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Energy Intake ; Energy Metabolism* ; Exercise* ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin ; Insulin Resistance* ; Intra-Abdominal Fat ; Metabolic Equivalent ; Motor Activity* ; Subcutaneous Fat ; Vascular Stiffness*

As a rare cerebrovascular disease, cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is caused by various conditions including trauma, infection, oral contraceptive, cancer and hematologic disorders. However, iron deficiency anemia is not a common cause for CVT in adult. Posterior fossa infarction following CVT is not well demonstrated because posterior fossa has abundant collateral vessels. Here, we report a case of a 55-year-old man who was admitted with complaints of headache, nausea, and mild dizziness. The patient was diagnosed with isolated lateral sinus thrombosis presenting as cerebellar infarction. Laboratory findings revealed normocytic normochromic anemia due to iron deficiency, and the patient's symptoms were improved after iron supplementation.
Adult ; Anemia ; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ; Dizziness ; Headache ; Humans ; Infarction ; Iron ; Lateral Sinus Thrombosis ; Middle Aged ; Nausea ; Thrombosis ; Transverse Sinuses ; Venous Thrombosis