PURPOSE: This descriptive study is aimed at understanding how clinical nurses' terminal care attitude and spiritual health affect their terminal care stress. METHODS: Data were collected from self-reported questionnaire filled by 238 nurses at a general hospital in G Metropolitan City. RESULTS: The study showed that nurses' attitudes toward terminal care, spiritual health, marital status, and clinical experience largely affect their terminal care stress. In particular, the higher they scored on terminal care attitudes, the lower they scored on terminal care stress. These variables accounted for 52.3% of the total variance. CONCLUSION: The study shows terminal care attitude is an important factor for terminal care stress perceived by clinical nurses. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an educational intervention program to improve nurses' terminal care attitudes and spiritual health, which in turn would lower their terminal care stress or help them effectively cope with it.
Hospitals, General ; Marital Status ; Spirituality ; Stress, Psychological ; Terminal Care* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Child ; Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous ; Humans

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the influencing factors on burnout after analyzing the relationship among clinical nurses' various perfectionism and coping styles. METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 clinical nurses who had six months or more years of clinical experiences from two general hospitals located in D city. The data were analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise regression analysis using IBM SPSS statistics 23.0 program. RESULTS: The burnout of clinical nurses was positively correlated with socially prescribed perfectionism and negatively correlated with active coping style. Socially prescribed perfectionism was positively correlated with active coping style and passive coping style. Influencing factors on the burnout of clinical nurses were socially prescribed perfectionism (β=.37), satisfied work unit (β=−.64) and neutral satisfaction of work unit (β=−.27), over 40 years of age (β=−.21), and active coping style (β=−.14). The model consisting of these variables explained 42% of variance of burnout in clinical nurses. CONCLUSION: Based on the findings of this study developing intervention programs that consider influencing factors such as perfectionism and coping styles is needed to reduce the level of burnout of clinical nurses.
Cross-Sectional Studies ; Hospitals, General

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the influencing factors on burnout after analyzing the relationship among clinical nurses' various perfectionism and coping styles. METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 clinical nurses who had six months or more years of clinical experiences from two general hospitals located in D city. The data were analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise regression analysis using IBM SPSS statistics 23.0 program. RESULTS: The burnout of clinical nurses was positively correlated with socially prescribed perfectionism and negatively correlated with active coping style. Socially prescribed perfectionism was positively correlated with active coping style and passive coping style. Influencing factors on the burnout of clinical nurses were socially prescribed perfectionism (β=.37), satisfied work unit (β=−.64) and neutral satisfaction of work unit (β=−.27), over 40 years of age (β=−.21), and active coping style (β=−.14). The model consisting of these variables explained 42% of variance of burnout in clinical nurses. CONCLUSION Based on the findings of this study developing intervention programs that consider influencing factors such as perfectionism and coping styles is needed to reduce the level of burnout of clinical nurses.

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of pediatric low-dose facial CT reconstructed with filtered back projection (FBP) using adequate kernels. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and imaging data of children aged < 10 years who underwent facial CT at our emergency department. The patients were divided into two groups: low-dose CT (LDCT; Group A, n = 73) with a fixed 80-kVp tube potential and automatic tube current modulation (ATCM) and standard-dose CT (SDCT; Group B, n = 40) with a fixed 120-kVp tube potential and ATCM. All images were reconstructed with FBP using bone and soft tissue kernels in Group A and only bone kernel in Group B. The groups were compared in terms of image noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Two radiologists subjectively scored the overall image quality of bony and soft tissue structures. The CT dose index volume and dose-length product were recorded. Results: Image noise was higher in Group A than in Group B in bone kernel images (p < 0.001). Group A using a soft tissue kernel showed the highest SNR and CNR for all soft tissue structures (all p < 0.001). In the qualitative analysis of bony structures, Group A scores were found to be similar to or higher than Group B scores on comparing bone kernel images. In the qualitative analysis of soft tissue structures, there was no significant difference between Group A using a soft tissue kernel and Group B using a bone kernel with a soft tissue window setting (p > 0.05). Group A showed a 76.9% reduction in radiation dose compared to Group B (3.2 ± 0.2 mGy vs. 81.9 ± 11.1 mGy; p < 0.001). Conclusion The addition of a soft tissue kernel image to conventional CT reconstructed with FBP enables the use of pediatric low-dose facial CT protocol while maintaining image quality.

No abstract available.
B-Lymphocytes* ; Humans ; Lymphoma, B-Cell*

BACKGROUND: Various treatment modalities for hypertrophic scars and keloids have been used. However, there is no consensus as to what the optimum approach should be. Most common treatments are corticosteroid intralesional injection (ILI) and cryotherapy as well as combination of these two modalities. To this date, however, there are no prospectively comparative, scar-split studies between steroid ILI monotherapy and combination of steroid ILI and cryotherapy. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to investigate and compare the efficacy of steroid ILI monotherapy and the combination of steroid ILI and cryotherapy. METHODS: Eighteen women who had thyroid operation scars were recruited. Patients received steroid ILI with cryotherapy on the right half, and steroid ILI monotherapy on the left half of the scar. Patients were treated for four sessions with three weeks of intervals. Subjects were evaluated on their scar status with the modified Vancouver scar scale (MVSS) and scar redness by using colorimeter at baseline and every visit day. RESULTS: After four treatment sessions, MVSS was significantly improved on both sides of scar. Significant improvement was observed after one treatment session on the right half, and after two treatment sessions on the left half. There was no significant difference between left and right side after four sessions of treatment. The scar redness of both sides of scar showed no significant differences between the baseline and at the end of the study. CONCLUSION: Both corticosteroid ILI with cryotherapy and corticosteroid ILI monotherapy are effective treatment modalities for hypertrophic scars. However, the results of the present study suggest that a combination therapy might lead to more rapid improvements.
Cicatrix ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; Consensus ; Cryotherapy ; Female ; Humans ; Injections, Intralesional ; Keloid ; Thyroid Gland

A 36-year-old primivida, at 29 weeks of pregnancy with no smoking history, was admitted to the hospital complaining of cough for 3 days. Chest X-rays revealed atelectasis of the right upper lobe, and a transbronchial lung biopsy confirmed primary lung adenocarcinoma. After consulting with obstetricians and neonatologists, we wanted to deliver the child and treat the mother with chemoradiotherapy. But as she was adamantly opposed to treatment until fetal lung maturation was complete, we planned to delay the birth until 34 weeks, deliver the baby by caesarian section, and then treat the mother. However, maternal hypoxia and fetal distress resulted in an emergency delivery at 30 weeks. After delivery, we treated the mother's brain metastases with radiation therapy and systemic cisplatin-pemetrexed, but she deteriorated and expired 95 days after the diagnosis. Lung cancer during pregnancy is a rare disease and raises many medical and ethical issues in deciding the best course of therapy. We describe our clinical approach and review the potentially challenging features of managing a pregnant patient with lung cancer.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adult ; Anoxia ; Biopsy ; Brain ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Child ; Cough ; Emergencies ; Fetal Distress ; Humans ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Mothers ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Rare Diseases ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Thorax

A 36-year-old primivida, at 29 weeks of pregnancy with no smoking history, was admitted to the hospital complaining of cough for 3 days. Chest X-rays revealed atelectasis of the right upper lobe, and a transbronchial lung biopsy confirmed primary lung adenocarcinoma. After consulting with obstetricians and neonatologists, we wanted to deliver the child and treat the mother with chemoradiotherapy. But as she was adamantly opposed to treatment until fetal lung maturation was complete, we planned to delay the birth until 34 weeks, deliver the baby by caesarian section, and then treat the mother. However, maternal hypoxia and fetal distress resulted in an emergency delivery at 30 weeks. After delivery, we treated the mother's brain metastases with radiation therapy and systemic cisplatin-pemetrexed, but she deteriorated and expired 95 days after the diagnosis. Lung cancer during pregnancy is a rare disease and raises many medical and ethical issues in deciding the best course of therapy. We describe our clinical approach and review the potentially challenging features of managing a pregnant patient with lung cancer.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adult ; Anoxia ; Biopsy ; Brain ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Child ; Cough ; Emergencies ; Fetal Distress ; Humans ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Mothers ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Rare Diseases ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Thorax

Facial dyspigmentation in Asian women often poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Recently, a distinctive bilateral hyperpigmentation of face and neck has occasionally been observed. This study was performed to investigate the clinico-pathological features of this dyspigmentation as well as proper treatment approaches. We retrospectively investigated the medical records including photographs, routine laboratory tests, histopathologic studies of both lesional and peri-lesional normal skin and patch test of thirty-one patients presented acquired bizarre hyperpigmentation on face and neck. The mean age of patients was 52.3 years and the mean duration of dyspigmentation was 24.2 months. In histologic evaluations of lesional skin, a significantly increased liquefactive degeneration of basal layer, pigmentary incontinence and lymphocytic infiltration were noted, whereas epidermal melanin or solar elastosis showed no statistical differences. Among 19 patients managed with a step-by-step approach, seven improved with using only topical anti-inflammatory agents and moisturizer, and 12 patients gained clinical benefit after laser therapy without clinical aggravation. Both clinical and histopathologic findings of the cases suggest a distinctive acquired hyperpigmentary disorder related with subclinical inflammation. Proper step-by-step evaluation and management of underlying subclinical inflammation would provide clinical benefit.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Inflammation ; Laser Therapy ; Medical Records ; Melanins ; Neck* ; Patch Tests ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin