A case of primary amelanotic melanoma of the vagina diagnosed in scraping smear is described. A 64-year-old woman complained of vaginal bleeding with a 2.5x2cm sized, fungating mass on the right lateral vaginal wall near the introitus for 2 months. Scraping smears from the mass showed scattered individual tumor cells with single, bi- or multi-nucleated eccentric nuclei having prominent macronucleoli and occasional intranuclear inclusions. The cytoplasm was plump and cyanophilic with a indistinct rim. No melanin pigment was identified. Characteristic cytologic features of this case were very helpful to exclude more common squamous cell carcinoma in the vagina, which was strongly suggested in biopsy specimen.
Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Child* ; Cytoplasm ; Female ; Humans ; Intranuclear Inclusion Bodies ; Mediastinum ; Melanins ; Melanoma, Amelanotic ; Middle Aged ; Proteinuria* ; Thyroid Gland ; Uterine Hemorrhage ; Vagina

Improvement of lichen planus was achieved by 11 weeks of daily oral treatment with griseofulvin. The patient was 59-year-old male, has had hypertension and diabetes mellitus for 9 months, and history of various drug intake to these diseses for 6 months. Four months before first visit, symptome of lichen planus had developed suddenly. Because of treatment failure of oral antihistamine and topical steroid for 6 weeks, we began to use griseofulvin. Praspective studies are needed to better assess the affectiveness of griseafulvin in the treatment of lichen planus.
Diabetes Mellitus ; Griseofulvin* ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Lichen Planus* ; Lichens* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Failure

No abstract available.
Elbow*

Juvenile dermatomyositis is an uncommon autoimmune disease with classic heliotrope discoloration of eyelids, erythematous skin rash of joints and proximal muscle weakness. Quite different from adults, malignancy is rarely accompanied in juvenile dermatomyositis. However vasculitis, muscle atrophy, calcification and gastrointestinal involvement are often observed in juvenile dermatomyositis. A six year old boy was admitted with chief complaints of general weakness and skin rash. Muscle biopsy was performed which was consistent with dermatomyositis. The patient was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin, steroid, methotrexate and physiotherapy. We report a case of juvenile dermatomyositis.
Adult ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Biopsy ; Dermatomyositis* ; Exanthema ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Joints ; Male ; Methotrexate ; Muscle Weakness ; Muscular Atrophy ; Vasculitis

No abstract available.
Nails

This study was aimed at evaluating the nutritional status of Korean lactating women, who were attending peripheral community clinics in low-income areas, by anthropometric measurement, estimating dietary intakes and analyzing the contents of breast milk components, serum lipid content and fatty acid composition. Regarding anghropometric measurements, maternal circumferences decreased significantly at the trunk but not at the limbs. The skinfold thickness on all regions had the tendency to decrease during lactation. It was found that intakes of energy, protein, lipid and carbohydrates were desirable while calcium, zinc, copper and vitamin A were low and sodium was excessive. The energy % of fat was 22.41% of the total energy which is higher than the RDA for adults but it is proper for lactating women, but energy % from each fatty acid was usually low and an intake ratio of omega6/omega3 fatty acids was desirable. Accordingly, it is thought that dietary fat intake was balanced in quality. Concentrations of the nutrients in matured human milk showed the same range as that reported form different regions with the exception of calcium and magnesium which were relatively low. Serum lipid contents were decreased with the time postpartum and the average serum lipid content of lactating women were similar to the normal range of adults. Serum polyunsaturated fatty acids. especially omega6 fatty acids have gradually increased with the time postpartum, but the composition were not greatly influenced by dietary intakes.
Adult ; Breast* ; Calcium ; Carbohydrates ; Copper ; Dietary Fats ; Extremities ; Fatty Acids ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ; Female ; Humans ; Lactation ; Magnesium ; Milk, Human* ; Nutritional Status ; Postpartum Period ; Reference Values ; Skinfold Thickness ; Sodium ; Vitamin A ; Zinc

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the important factors affecting survival and pregnancy rate in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles. METHODS: we performed reprospective analysis in 738 cycles of frozen-thawed embryo transfers, in relation to the insemination methods, the freezing stage of embryo, patient's age, infertility factors and the origin of injected sperm in ICSI cycles. After conventional IVF or ICSI, the supernumerary PN stage zygotes or multicellular embryos were cryopreserved by slow freezing protocol with 1,2-propandiol (PROH) as a cryoprotectant. RESULTS: The survival rates of thawed embryos were 69.3% (1585/2287) in conventional IVF group and 71.7&% (1645/2295) in ICSI group. After frozen-thawed embryo transfers, 27.0% (92/341) and 32.0% (109/341) of pregnancy rates were achieved in conventional IVF and ICSI group, respectively. There were no significant difference in the survival and pregnancy rates according to the insemination methods, the freezing stage and patient's age. However, the pregnancy rate (36.2%) of male factor infertility (22.9%). In ICSI group, the origin of injected sperm did not affect the outcome of frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates that acceptable clinical outcomes can be achieved after the transfer of frozen-thawed embryos regardless of the stage of embryos for freezing, the patient's age and the origin of injected sperm.
Embryo Transfer* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Freezing ; Humans ; Infertility ; Insemination ; Male ; Pregnancy Rate* ; Pregnancy* ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic ; Spermatozoa ; Survival Rate ; Zygote

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although many cochlear implant (CI) recipients receive significant benefits from using the implants, speech perception ability is still known to vary among CI users, and the variability is closely related to the ability of users to process temporal information. As one of the important temporal cues for speech perception in CI users, voice onset time (VOT) can be used to examine behavioral perception and neural correlates of temporal processing. In this study, we measured categorical perception and N1-P2 cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) using a /ba/-/pa/ VOT continuum in CI users as well as in normal-hearing (NH) listeners. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Ten CI subjects and 11 NH controls participated in syllable identification tasks and in electroencephalography recording. CI subjects were divided into two groups, which were ‘good’ and ‘poor’ performers based on their speech perception scores. The stimuli used in both experiments were a synthetic /ba/-/pa/ VOT continuum. The identification boundary and N1-P2 peak-to-peak amplitude were measured for each subject group. RESULTS: Behavioral results revealed that poor CI performers had a delayed identification boundary compared to NH listeners and good CI performers. However, N1-P2 peak-to-peak amplitudes in both good and poor CI performers were significantly smaller than those in NH group. CONCLUSION: N1-P2 amplitudes reflected decreased auditory cortical activity of temporal cues in CI users. The categorical perception of good CI performers was similar to that of NH listeners, whereas their cortical responses were decreased to the level similar to that of poor CI performers. This finding indicates that CAEPs would be more sensitive to altered temporal processing of CI users than to behavioral measures.
Cochlear Implants ; Cues ; Electroencephalography ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory ; Methods ; Speech Perception ; Voice

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although many cochlear implant (CI) recipients receive significant benefits from using the implants, speech perception ability is still known to vary among CI users, and the variability is closely related to the ability of users to process temporal information. As one of the important temporal cues for speech perception in CI users, voice onset time (VOT) can be used to examine behavioral perception and neural correlates of temporal processing. In this study, we measured categorical perception and N1-P2 cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) using a /ba/-/pa/ VOT continuum in CI users as well as in normal-hearing (NH) listeners.SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Ten CI subjects and 11 NH controls participated in syllable identification tasks and in electroencephalography recording. CI subjects were divided into two groups, which were ‘good’ and ‘poor’ performers based on their speech perception scores. The stimuli used in both experiments were a synthetic /ba/-/pa/ VOT continuum. The identification boundary and N1-P2 peak-to-peak amplitude were measured for each subject group. RESULTS: Behavioral results revealed that poor CI performers had a delayed identification boundary compared to NH listeners and good CI performers. However, N1-P2 peak-to-peak amplitudes in both good and poor CI performers were significantly smaller than those in NH group. CONCLUSION N1-P2 amplitudes reflected decreased auditory cortical activity of temporal cues in CI users. The categorical perception of good CI performers was similar to that of NH listeners, whereas their cortical responses were decreased to the level similar to that of poor CI performers. This finding indicates that CAEPs would be more sensitive to altered temporal processing of CI users than to behavioral measures.

This study was conducted to determine the appropriateness of the indicators and items on teacher evaluations for professional development and to provide insight for their improvement. To accomplish this, the perception of the importance and performance frequency of 318 nutrition teachers regarding their roles inherent in the indicators and items were evaluated through a survey questionnaire based on a five-point Likert scale. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a paired t-test. In addition, the reflective analysis and constant comparison method were employed to analyze the responses to the open-ended questions asking problems in the indicators and items. The results revealed that the mean scores for the importance and performance frequency of most indicators and items were over four points, which implies that most indicators and items are appropriate for evaluating the job tasks of nutrition teachers. However, it was suggested that a few items be revised or removed for their improvement and appropriateness. This study concluded that nutrition teachers should have more chances to provide nutrition education for students to enable them to perform as teachers and not simply dietitians.
Humans ; Surveys and Questionnaires