The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries among female ballet dancers is much lower than among female soccer players, there is currently little research examining the landing error scoring system (LESS) of female ballet dancers and female soccer players. The purpose of this study was to investigate the LESS during drop vertical jump on ACL injury risk factors in female ballet dancers and female soccer players. Thirteen professional female ballet dancers and elite female soccer players participated in the study. Independent sample t-test was used to compare the LESS score between the groups with Bonferroni collection. The elite female soccer player group showed significantly higher stance width-wide, foot position-toe out, symmetric initial foot contact, overall impression and total LESS score than those of the professional ballet dancers.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament* ; Female* ; Foot ; Humans ; Incidence ; Risk Factors* ; Soccer*

Gestational trophoblastic tumor is one of the curable disease, but metastatic trophoblastic tumor still shows high mortality rate because of resistance to the chemotherapy. Choriocarcinoma may occur after an any type of human pregnancy. The incidence of choriocarcinoma following term pregnancy is very uncommon, and such tumor appears to follow a more aggressive course with more extensive metastatic spread and is less responsive to chemotherapy resulting in a poorer prognosis. Choriocarcinoma presenting as postpartum hemorrhage, and spontaneous tumor perforation with intra-abdominal hemorrhage is even rarer, requiring emergency laparotomy. We had experienced one case of metastatic choriocarcinoma following term pregnancy that required emergency total abdominal hysterectomy due to uterine perforation and hemorrhage. So, we report this case with brief review of literatures.
Choriocarcinoma* ; Drug Therapy ; Emergencies ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Incidence ; Laparotomy ; Mortality ; Postpartum Hemorrhage ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy* ; Prognosis ; Trophoblastic Neoplasms ; Uterine Perforation*

Twenty five patients (twenty seven hips) who had Chiari osteotomy at Kang Nam St. Marys Hospital between 1980 and 1995 were reviewed to evaluate the factors in the operative technique that contribute to successful outcome and assess the clinical results in various conditions. The length of follow-up ranged from one to fourteen years and the age of at operation ranged from four to twentythree years. Eighteen patients had developmental dysplasia of the hip: four, septic hip: three had another disorders, Prior to the Chiari osteotomy, fourteen hips had an femoral osteotomy and four, trochanteric arthroplasty. We used to the standard osteotomy as described by Chiari with certain modification. A pneumatic saw and osteotome are used instead of Gigli saw. This technique is simple procedure to make the correct level and angle. Bone graft was not performed in all cases even the osteotomy was displaced more than 50 percent of the iliac width. The overall results were 12 excellent, eight good, five fair, and two poor. In eleven patients, the osteotomy had to be displaced more than 50 percent to provide good coverage of the femoral head. Their results were good or excellent. A good result will be obtained if enough attention is paid to displacing the osteotomy. The osteotomy using the pneumatic saw provides accurate level and direction of osteotomy and it is an simple procedure also.
Adolescent* ; Arthroplasty ; Child* ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Hip ; Humans ; Osteotomy* ; Transplants

PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcome and effectiveness of an open reduction in DDH for the patients 8 years and older. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen patients older than 8 years and diagnosed with DDH were treated by an open reduction, femoral shortening, and varus derotational osteotomy, combined with or without a Chiari osteotomy from August, 1981 to November, 2002 However, one patient was treated without femoral shortening. The mean age of the patients besides the 2 patients of failure at the time of surgery was 13.1 years (range 8-23), the mean follow up duration was 9.1 years (range 1-22 years). There were 6 cases of left side involvement of DDH, and 5 cases of right side involvement, while the remaining were both sides. One case was male and the others were female, and all hips were dislocated completely. RESULTS: One hip out of 14 patients was not unreduced intraoperatively. One hip showed a redislocation during the follow up period. Eleven patients gained almost the full range of motion of the affected hip except for one patient. Five out of the 12 patients showed a normal gait without limping and pain, and 3showed a slight limping gait but was much improved compared with the preoperative state. Four patients showed a limping gait due to a leg length discrepancy, and the limping gait of one patient was corrected by femoral lengthening. The average Harris hip score among the patients except for 2 cases of failure was 94.6. Nine patients were excellent and 3 patients were good. CONCLUSION: A neglected DDH should be treated positively Because a functionally good hip joint can be obtained after an open reduction of a developmentally dislocated hip, even after the age of 8.
Dislocations* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gait ; Hip Joint ; Hip* ; Humans ; Leg ; Male ; Osteotomy ; Range of Motion, Articular

BACKGROUND: We prospectively compared the response to blind and ultrasound-guided glenohumeral injection of corticosteroids for treatment of shoulder stiffness. METHODS: A total of 77 patients with shoulder stiffness between April 2008 and March 2012 were recruited. Patients were randomized to receive either a blind (group 1, n=39) or ultrasound-guided (group 2, n=38) glenohumeral injection of 40 mg triamcinolone. The clinical outcomes and shoulder range of motion (ROM) before injection, at 3, 6, and 12 months after injection and at the last follow-up were assessed. The same rehabilitation program was applied in both groups during the follow-up period. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in demographic data on age, sex, ROM, and symptom duration before injection between groups (p>0.05). There were no significant differences in ROM including forward flexion, external rotation at the side, external rotation at 90o abduction, and internal rotation, visual analogue scale for pain and functional outcomes including American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, Simple Shoulder test between the two groups at any time point (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Based on the current data, the result of ultrasound-guided glenohumeral injection was not superior to that of blind injection in the treatment of shoulder stiffness. We suggest that ultrasound-guided glenohumeral injection could be performed according to the patient's compliance and the surgeon's preference. Once familiar with the non-imaging-guided glenohumeral injection, it is an efficient and reliable method for the experienced surgeon. Ultrasound could be performed according to the surgeon's preference.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones* ; Compliance ; Elbow ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Rehabilitation ; Shoulder Joint* ; Shoulder* ; Triamcinolone ; Ultrasonography*

BACKGROUND: This study was performed to evaluate the effects of a ProSeal laryngeal mask airway (PLMA) on intraoperative ventilation and blood pressure, and postoperative sore throat in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). METHODS: Sixty, ASA 1 or 2 adults scheduled for elective LC were randomly allocated into two groups; i.e., endotracheal tube (ETT) or PLMA groups. General anesthesia was administered in the usual fashion. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured before and after the induction of anesthesia. Blood pressure, heart rate, peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) and end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) also were measured before and after intraabdominal CO2 insufflation (pneumoperitoneum) at 5 minutes intervals over 30 minutes. Sore throat, nausea and vomiting were evaluated at 6 and 24 hours postoperatively. RESULTS: Blood pressure and heart rate were higher in the ETT group than in the PLMA group after induction (P < 0.05), however, no differences were observed during pneumoperitoneum. Following the induction of pneumoperitoneum, ETCO2 increased significantly, but without the group differences. PIP was less increased in the PLMA group. No significant differences were observed in incidences of postoperative sore throat, nausea or vomiting in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that PLMA is a useful alternative to ETT in LC. Furthermore, PLMA seems to be more useful for hypertensive patients.
Adult ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Blood Pressure* ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic* ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Incidence ; Insufflation ; Laryngeal Masks* ; Nausea ; Pharyngitis* ; Pneumoperitoneum ; Ventilation* ; Vomiting

BACKGROUND: This prospective, double-blind randomized study was performed to compare the characteristics of recovery after general anesthesia induced by target-controlled propofol and sevoflurane. METHODS: Sixty, ASA class 1 or 2 female patients scheduled for an elective total abdominal hysterectomy were randomly allocated to two groups of 30; i.e. Propofol or Sevoflurane groups. General anesthesia was induced using propofol plus a fentanyl bolus (1 microgram/kg), and maintained with 66% nitrous oxide and either propofol infusion or sevoflurane inhalation. Anesthetic depth was controlled under bispectral index (BIS) monitoring: propofol and sevoflurane concentrations were adjusted to achieve target BIS values, and were between 40-60 during surgery and 60-70 during the final 15-20 minutes. The two anesthetic agents were discontinued following subcutaneous layer closure. After skin closure, the patients were ventilated manually with 100% oxygen until extubation. Patients were evaluated in terms of level of consciousness and side effects at the end of anesthesia and at 5, 15, 30 and 120 min after anesthesia. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in recovery times. The incidences of side effects were similar in the two groups, though the incidence of postoperative nausea was higher in the sevoflurane group. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia has an emergence similar to that of propofol, except for a higher incidence of postoperative nausea.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthesia, Inhalation ; Anesthetics ; Consciousness ; Female ; Fentanyl ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Incidence ; Inhalation ; Nitrous Oxide ; Oxygen ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting ; Propofol* ; Prospective Studies ; Skin

Three cases of successful pregnancy outcome after intensive care in the patients with rare mullerian anomaly of complete uterine septum, hypoplastic cervical duplication and longitudinal vaginal septum in infertility clinic are reported. These presented three cases are the reports of supporting the embryologic hypothesis of bidirectional mullerian development which fusion and resorption begins at the isthmus and proceeds simultaneously in both the cranial and caudal directions rather than the classical views of unidirectional(caudal to cranial) mullerian development. Thus, we present here three cases of rare mullerian anomaly and their pregnancy outcomes in an attempt to alert gynecologist to the possible occurrence of such a malformation. In 2 cases, successful pregnancy outcomes were achieved after abdominal or hysteroscopic uterine septotomy before pregnancy and in the last case, successful pregnancy outcome intensive obstetric care was achieved even under uncorrected uterine anomaly and complete removal of uterine septum resulted in uneventful postoperative courses at the same time of cesarean section.
Cesarean Section ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility ; Critical Care* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome* ; Pregnancy*

No abstract available.
Glomerular Basement Membrane*

PURPOSE: Children with nephrotic syndrome(NS) are under high risk for metabolic bone disease(MBD) as a complication of long-term glucocorticoid therapy. We prospectively evaluated the effect of oral bisphosphonate(alendronate) therapy in children with NS, which has proven efficacy in adult patients with glucocorticoid induced MBD. METHODS: Among 58 children with NS, aged 5 to 8 years and having a disease duration of more than 2 years, 30(51.7%) were enrolled to meet the selection criteria, less than -1.0 Z- scores of lumbar spine bone mineral density(BMD) by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). These 30 children were divided into three groups and each were assigned to receive alendronate, calcitriol, and no-medication, respectively for one year. Lumbar spine BMD was followed up every 6 months and the biochemical indexes were measured before and 1 year after the treatment. There were no significant difference among groups with respect to the average age, the initial BMD, and the cumulative steroid doses. Analysis of the treatment efficacy was done by the % change of BMD and by the changes in Z-scores of lumbar spine BMD. RESULTS: Mean age and disease duration of patients at the initial lumbar spine BMD evaluation was 7.4+/-1.7 years and 2.2+/-1.2 years, respectively. Twenty-three of 30 children(76%) had osteopenia, and seven(23%) had osteoporosis. There was no difference in the biochemical values among the groups, before and 1 year after the treatment(P<0.05). Twenty two children(73.3%) with frequent relapsing or steroid dependant NS had more frequent MBD, compared to the 8 children(26.6%) with infrequent relapsing NS. The one year % changes of BMD were 8.56 in alendronate group, 5.79 in calcitriol group, and 1.9 in no-medication group. The changes in Z-score of lumbar spine BMD increased in the alendronate group and the calcitriol group, but not in the no-medication group. One year % changes of BMD were different among groups(P=0.0002). Significant differences were found between the alendronate and the no-medication group, and between the calcitriol and the no-medication group(P< 0.05). There was no difference between the alendronate and the calcitriol group. No serious adverse effect was observed in the alendronate group. CONCLUSION: Children with NS receiving high dose steroids are under the high risk of BMD and should undergo regular BMD evaluation. Z-score of lumbar spine BMD was a useful parameter in diagnosing low bone mass in children. Alendronate weekly oral therapy was effective and relatively safe in increasing the lumbar spine BMD in children with NS having steroid induced MBD.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Adult ; Alendronate* ; Bone Density ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic* ; Calcitriol ; Child* ; Humans ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Osteoporosis ; Patient Selection ; Prospective Studies ; Spine ; Steroids ; Treatment Outcome