No abstract available.
Aged* ; Humans

PURPOSE: This study was done to investigate the probability of stroke, knowledge of stroke, and health-promoting lifestyle among stroke risk groups. METHOD: A descriptive correlational design was used. Data for 110 patients were analyzed. The probability of stroke was calculated using the Stroke Risk Profile from the Framingham Heart Study (2013), knowledge of stroke was measured using a questionnaire developed by Yoon et al. (2001), and health-promoting lifestyle was measured using the HPLP-II, developed by Walker et al. (1995). RESULTS: The average probability of stroke was 11.74, knowledge of stroke, 67.88, and health-promoting lifestyle, 2.27. Probability of stroke showed significant differences according to gender. Knowledge differed according to patients' salaries. Health-promoting lifestyle showed significant differences according to gender. There were no significant correlations between probability of stroke and knowledge of stroke or probability of stroke and health-promoting lifestyle, but there was a significant correlation between knowledge of stroke and health-promoting lifestyle. CONCLUSION: Results indicate the necessity of active education to increase knowledge related to stroke which will contribute to an increase in health-promoting behaviors and make primary prevention a reality in the reduction of risk of stroke among stroke risk groups.
Education ; Health Behavior ; Heart ; Humans ; Life Style* ; Primary Prevention ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits ; Stroke*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight*

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate association between presence of time preference of headache attack and social jetlag and circadian preference in patients with migraine with or without aura. METHODS: A total of 50 patients of migraine with or without aura who visited for the first time at a single tertiary medical center were examined and interviewed about their sleep pattern on weekdays and weekends and whether they have time preference of headache attack during a day or not. Frequency of headache and measurement for disability of headache such as six-item Headache Impact Test and other sleep profiles such as sleep duration, sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, and insomnia severity were obtained by a booklet of questionnaire. RESULTS: In this pilot study, the time preference of migraine attack during a day was present in 42% among the participants. In the cross-sectional analysis, the group of presence of time preference of attack showed earlier circadian preference (1:36 am±282 min vs. 4:24 am±186 min, p=0.02) and lower social jetlag than the other group (0.4±0.8 hour vs. 1.4±2.2 hour, p=0.04). Other demographic characteristics and frequency and severity of headache was comparable between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Considering an individual circadian preference might be a strategy in integrated management of migraine.
Cross-Sectional Studies ; Epilepsy ; Headache ; Humans ; Migraine Disorders ; Pamphlets ; Pilot Projects ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders

No abstract available.
Atrophy ; Pityriasis* ; Tinea Versicolor*

BACKGROUND: The effect of arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) during ischemia and reperfusion has been a controversial issue. In this study, the effect of PaCO2 during ischemia and reperfusion was evaluated by 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). METHODS: Incomplete global cerebral ischemia was induced by ligation of carotid artery under lowered mean blood pressure (mean blood pressure= 40 mmHg) for 30 minutes followed by 2 hours of reperfusion. Eighteen cats were divided into 3 groups: For group 1 (n=6) (control group), animals were subjected to normocarbia (PaCO2=28~33 mmHg) during ischemia and reperfusion, for group 2 (n=6), animals were subjected to hypocarbia (PaCO2=18~23 mmHg) during ischemia and reperfusion, and for group 3 (n=6), animals were subjected to normocarbia during ischemia and hypocarbia during reperfusion. RESULTS: For group 1, the energy metabolism measured by [PCr/Pi] was recovered about 74.7 6.4%. For group 2, the energy metabolism failed to be completely recovered by 120 minutes of reperfusion (69.3 7.3%), whereas for group 3, the energy matabolism was completely recovered by 120 minutes of reperfusion (97.6 2.4%). There were statistically significant differences between group 1 and group 3 (p<0.05). The changes in pH were not significantly different among the groups. CONCLUSION: In this study, a condition of hypocarbia during reperfusion seems better for the energy metabolism after incomplete global ischemia of cats.
Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Brain Ischemia ; Brain* ; Carbon Dioxide ; Carotid Arteries ; Cats* ; Energy Metabolism* ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Ischemia ; Ligation ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Reperfusion

A 47-year-old man with end-stage renal disease due to diabetic nephropathy underwent a peritoneal scintigraphy to evaluate the cause of recently developed scrotal swelling. Two liters of dialysate mixed with 111 MBq of Tc-99m sulfur colloid were administered into the peritoneal cavity via the dialysis catheter. Various anterior images of the abdomen and pelvis were obtained at 15 min, 2 hr and 4 hr after the tracer instillation. At 15 min, anterior images of the abdomen and pelvis demonstrated linear tracts of activity through both inguinal canals, which were more prominent in the right side (A). Images at 2 hr revealed a passage of the radioactive fluid into the right hemiscrotum. At the same time, there was a considerable accumulation of activity in the right inguinal canal (B). In the delayed image, there was a progressive accumulation of activity in the inguinal canals and a prominent passage of the tracer into the scrotum (C). Both abdominal and inguinal hernias are commonly associated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Overall incidence of CAPD-induced hernia ranges from 2.7% to 25%.1) Inguinal hernias were frequently manifested as scrotal swelling. Leakages of dialysate fluid into the scrotum has been noted in CAPD patients with scrotal swelling, with or without clinical findings of inguinal hernia.1,2) In the present case, the right side had leakage from a clinical inguinal hernia and the left side, leakage from a subclinial inguinal hernia. A subclinical inguinal hernia was easily demonstrable with peritoneal scintigraphy. Peritoneal scintigraphy is extremely helpful in the evaluation of scrotal swelling in a patient on CAPD.
Abdomen ; Catheters ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; Dialysis ; Hernia ; Hernia, Inguinal* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inguinal Canal ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Middle Aged ; Pelvis ; Peritoneal Cavity ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory* ; Radionuclide Imaging* ; Scrotum ; Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid

PURPOSE: There was little evidence that Tc-99m labeled ciprofloxacin (Infecton) located inside of bacteria. Antimicrobial activity of Infecton could be an indirect evidence of its location. We compared in vitro antimicrobial activities of Infecton and ciprofloxacin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Infecton and ciprofloxacin against three standard strains of bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 were measured using modified broth macrodilution techniques and pour plate methods, respectively. Data were expressed as mean+/-SE (range). RESULTS: MICs of Infecton and ciprofloxacin were 1.12+/-0.20 (0.8~1.6) microgram/ml and 0.36+/-0.04 (0.2~0.4) microgram/ml for S. aureus, 0.03+/-0.005 (0.025~0.05) microgram/ml and 0.011+/-0.001 (0.006~0.012) microgram/ml for E. coli, and 0.96+/-0.16 (0.8~1.6) microgram/ml and 0.56+/-0.098 (0.4~0.8) microgram/ml for P. aeruginosa, respectively. MBCs of Infecton and ciprofloxacin were 2.56+/-0.39 (1.6~3.2) microgram/ml and 0.88+/-0.2 (0.4~1.6) microgram/ml for S. aureus, 0.04+/-0.06 (0.025~0.05) microgram/ml and 0.02+/-0.01 (0.025~0.05) microgram/ml for E. coli, and 2.24+/-0.39 (1.6~3.2) microgram/ml and 1.44+/-0.16 (0.8~1.6) microgram/ml for P. aeruginosa, respectively. CONCLUSION: Although both MICs and MBCs of Infecton were higher than those of ciprofloxacin, all three standard bacterial strains were sensitive to Infecton. It could be an indirect evidence that Tc-99m Infecton be a specific imaging agent for bacterial infection.
Bacteria ; Bacterial Infections ; Ciprofloxacin* ; Escherichia coli ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Staphylococcus aureus