No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

Twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence is a rare specific anomaly of twin gestation with fused placenta and umbilical anastomosis. This syndrome occurs once in about 34,600 births and reported first by Beneditti in 1533. We report on prenatal diagnosis of a case of TRAP sequence with color Doppler sonography, this case is presented with a brief review of the literature.
Humans ; Parturition ; Perfusion ; Placenta ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis*

No abstract available.
Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections* ; Teicoplanin*

PURPOSE: We compared prophylactic effects and complications of intravesical instillation of the Connaught and Tice strains bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in patients with stage pT1 bladder cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 98 patients with stage pT1 bladder cancer were treated with transurethral resection (TUR) between January 1992 and April 1998. Of the 98 patients, 51 received the Connaught strain BCG (81mg), 27 the Tice strain BCG (12.7mg) and 20 patients underwent TUR alone. The patients were followed-up for 18-78 months (mean 42.5months). The recurrence and progression rates, mean months to tumor recurrence, recurrence free survival rate, using Kaplan-Meier curve, and complications, were compared between the two BCG strain groups. RESULTS: The overall recurrence rate was 27.5% in the Connaught strain BCG group, 29.6% in Tice strain BCG group and 65% in TUR alone group. The mean months to tumor recurrence, and the recurrence free survival rate, showed that both BCG strain drugs were superior to TUR alone. Although the prophylactic efficacy of the Connaught strain BCG was a little higher than that of the Tice strain BCG, there were no significant differences in the recurrence rates and recurrence free survival rates between the two drugs. The incidences of complications were 94.1 and 85.2% in the Connaught strain BCG and Tice strain BCG groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Both the Connaught and Tice BCG strains were superior to TUR alone in the prophylaxis of the recurrence in stage pT1 bladder cancer. There was no significant difference in the complication rates between the two groups. Therefore, both the Connaught and Tice BCG strains may be regarded as alternative treatments.
Administration, Intravesical ; Bacillus* ; BCG Vaccine ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Recurrence ; Survival Rate ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*

Purpose: To assess and compare the diagnostic efficacies of magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) and computed tomography arthrography (CTA) in identifying labral and chondral lesions within the hip joints. To analyze the diagnostic confidence levels of radiologists when interpreting images obtained from MRA and CTA. Materials and Methods: Labral and chondral lesions in 100 hips of 95 patients on 3.0 tesla MRA, CTA (128- and 160-slice multi-detector computed tomography), and arthroscopic findings were retrospectively reviewed by three radiologists. We analyzed the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and area under the curve (AUC) using receiver operating characteristic curves. The diagnostic confidence of the radiologists was also assessed during image interpretation. Results: Both MRA and CTA showed good diagnostic performances in the assessment of labral and chondral lesions. MRA showed higher sensitivity and accuracy, with a higher AUC for labral lesions than CTA (MRA/CTA: 97.3%/84.8% [p < 0.001], 93.8%/89.8%, and 0.945/0.896 [p = 0.003], respectively). CTA outperformed MRA in diagnostic performance in terms of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and AUC in acetabular cartilage lesions (MRA/ CTA: 75.8%/93.9% [p = 0.020], 67.6%/88.2% [p < 0.001], 73.0%/92.0% and 0.717/0.911 [p < 0.001], respectively) and sensitivity, accuracy and AUC in femoral cartilage lesions (60.5%/78.9% [p = 0.020], 80.0%/87.0%, and 0.762/0.854 [p = 0.018], respectively). The diagnostic confidence was higher with MRA for labral lesions (p = 0.002) and with CTA for chondral lesions (p < 0.001). Conclusion Both MRA and CTA showed strong diagnostic abilities for hip joint lesions, with MRA being better for labral lesions and CTA for chondral lesions. Radiologists showed greater confidence in diagnosing labral lesions using MRA and chondral lesions using CTA.

Purpose: To assess and compare the diagnostic efficacies of magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) and computed tomography arthrography (CTA) in identifying labral and chondral lesions within the hip joints. To analyze the diagnostic confidence levels of radiologists when interpreting images obtained from MRA and CTA. Materials and Methods: Labral and chondral lesions in 100 hips of 95 patients on 3.0 tesla MRA, CTA (128- and 160-slice multi-detector computed tomography), and arthroscopic findings were retrospectively reviewed by three radiologists. We analyzed the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and area under the curve (AUC) using receiver operating characteristic curves. The diagnostic confidence of the radiologists was also assessed during image interpretation. Results: Both MRA and CTA showed good diagnostic performances in the assessment of labral and chondral lesions. MRA showed higher sensitivity and accuracy, with a higher AUC for labral lesions than CTA (MRA/CTA: 97.3%/84.8% [p < 0.001], 93.8%/89.8%, and 0.945/0.896 [p = 0.003], respectively). CTA outperformed MRA in diagnostic performance in terms of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and AUC in acetabular cartilage lesions (MRA/ CTA: 75.8%/93.9% [p = 0.020], 67.6%/88.2% [p < 0.001], 73.0%/92.0% and 0.717/0.911 [p < 0.001], respectively) and sensitivity, accuracy and AUC in femoral cartilage lesions (60.5%/78.9% [p = 0.020], 80.0%/87.0%, and 0.762/0.854 [p = 0.018], respectively). The diagnostic confidence was higher with MRA for labral lesions (p = 0.002) and with CTA for chondral lesions (p < 0.001). Conclusion Both MRA and CTA showed strong diagnostic abilities for hip joint lesions, with MRA being better for labral lesions and CTA for chondral lesions. Radiologists showed greater confidence in diagnosing labral lesions using MRA and chondral lesions using CTA.

Purpose: To assess and compare the diagnostic efficacies of magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) and computed tomography arthrography (CTA) in identifying labral and chondral lesions within the hip joints. To analyze the diagnostic confidence levels of radiologists when interpreting images obtained from MRA and CTA. Materials and Methods: Labral and chondral lesions in 100 hips of 95 patients on 3.0 tesla MRA, CTA (128- and 160-slice multi-detector computed tomography), and arthroscopic findings were retrospectively reviewed by three radiologists. We analyzed the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and area under the curve (AUC) using receiver operating characteristic curves. The diagnostic confidence of the radiologists was also assessed during image interpretation. Results: Both MRA and CTA showed good diagnostic performances in the assessment of labral and chondral lesions. MRA showed higher sensitivity and accuracy, with a higher AUC for labral lesions than CTA (MRA/CTA: 97.3%/84.8% [p < 0.001], 93.8%/89.8%, and 0.945/0.896 [p = 0.003], respectively). CTA outperformed MRA in diagnostic performance in terms of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and AUC in acetabular cartilage lesions (MRA/ CTA: 75.8%/93.9% [p = 0.020], 67.6%/88.2% [p < 0.001], 73.0%/92.0% and 0.717/0.911 [p < 0.001], respectively) and sensitivity, accuracy and AUC in femoral cartilage lesions (60.5%/78.9% [p = 0.020], 80.0%/87.0%, and 0.762/0.854 [p = 0.018], respectively). The diagnostic confidence was higher with MRA for labral lesions (p = 0.002) and with CTA for chondral lesions (p < 0.001). Conclusion Both MRA and CTA showed strong diagnostic abilities for hip joint lesions, with MRA being better for labral lesions and CTA for chondral lesions. Radiologists showed greater confidence in diagnosing labral lesions using MRA and chondral lesions using CTA.

Purpose: To assess and compare the diagnostic efficacies of magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) and computed tomography arthrography (CTA) in identifying labral and chondral lesions within the hip joints. To analyze the diagnostic confidence levels of radiologists when interpreting images obtained from MRA and CTA. Materials and Methods: Labral and chondral lesions in 100 hips of 95 patients on 3.0 tesla MRA, CTA (128- and 160-slice multi-detector computed tomography), and arthroscopic findings were retrospectively reviewed by three radiologists. We analyzed the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and area under the curve (AUC) using receiver operating characteristic curves. The diagnostic confidence of the radiologists was also assessed during image interpretation. Results: Both MRA and CTA showed good diagnostic performances in the assessment of labral and chondral lesions. MRA showed higher sensitivity and accuracy, with a higher AUC for labral lesions than CTA (MRA/CTA: 97.3%/84.8% [p < 0.001], 93.8%/89.8%, and 0.945/0.896 [p = 0.003], respectively). CTA outperformed MRA in diagnostic performance in terms of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and AUC in acetabular cartilage lesions (MRA/ CTA: 75.8%/93.9% [p = 0.020], 67.6%/88.2% [p < 0.001], 73.0%/92.0% and 0.717/0.911 [p < 0.001], respectively) and sensitivity, accuracy and AUC in femoral cartilage lesions (60.5%/78.9% [p = 0.020], 80.0%/87.0%, and 0.762/0.854 [p = 0.018], respectively). The diagnostic confidence was higher with MRA for labral lesions (p = 0.002) and with CTA for chondral lesions (p < 0.001). Conclusion Both MRA and CTA showed strong diagnostic abilities for hip joint lesions, with MRA being better for labral lesions and CTA for chondral lesions. Radiologists showed greater confidence in diagnosing labral lesions using MRA and chondral lesions using CTA.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence of sacral insufficiency fracture in osteoporotic patients with compression fracture of the thoracolumbar (T-L) spine on magnetic resonance image (MRI), and to analyze the correlation of variable clinical factors and the incidence of sacral insufficiency fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 160 patients (27 men, 133 women; age range of 50 to 89 years) who underwent spinal MRI and had compression fracture of the T-L spine. Compression fractures due to trauma or tumor were excluded. We evaluated the incidence of sacral insufficiency fracture according to the patients' age, sex, number of compression fractures, and the existence of bone marrow edema pattern of compression fracture. During the same period, we evaluated the incidence of spinal compression fracture in the patients of pelvic insufficiency fracture. RESULTS: Out of the 160 patients who had compression fracture in the T-L spine, 17 (10.6%) had insufficiency fracture of the sacrum. Compression fracture occurred almost 5 times more frequently in women (27:133), but the incidence of sacral insufficiency fracture was 2/27 for men (7.4%) and 15/133 for women (11.3%), with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.80). According to age, the ratio of insufficiency fracture to compression fracture was 0% (0/23) in the 50's, 10.6% (7/66) in the 60's, 12.5% (7/56) in the 70's, and 20.0% (3/15) in the 80's. In respect of single and multiple compression fracture, the incidence of sacral insufficiency fracture was 8/65 for men (12.3%) and 9/95 for women (9.5%), showing no significant difference (p=0.37). In the patients with and without compression fracture with bone marrow edema, insufficiency fracture occurred in 5/76 (6.6%) and 12/84 (14.3%), respectively. On the other hand, of the 67 patients who had pelvic insufficiency fracture, 27 (40.3%) also had spinal compression fracture. CONCLUSION: About 10% of the patients with osteoporotic compression fracture in the T/L spine also had pelvic sacral insufficiency fracture, which was not uncommon. These findings suggest the need to consider the possibility of pelvic sacral insufficiency fracture in cases of T/L spinal MRI for patients with osteoporotic compression fracture.
Bone Marrow ; Edema ; Female ; Fractures, Compression* ; Fractures, Stress* ; Hand ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Osteoporosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Sacrum ; Spine*

No abstract available.
Korea*