PURPOSE: To report a successful case of intractable vernal keratoconjunctivitis treated by papillectomy and amniotic membrane transplantation. CASE SUMMARY: A 20-year-old female patient presented with repeated vernal keratoconjunctivitis in both eyes since the age of 14. Despite medical therapy, she developed severe itching, burning and foreign body sensations, and limbal nodules with mutiple giant papillae of the upper tarsal plate. Surgical resection of the giant papillae and amniotic membrane transplantation in her left eye was performed. One month later, the same procedure was performed in her right eye. The patient's symptoms then improved. Neither recurrence nor serious complication were observed during the 6 months follow up period after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: In intractable vernal keratoconjunctivitis, papillectomy with amniotic membrane transplantation may potentially be a good treatment option for better clinical outcome and low recurrence rates.
Amnion* ; Burns ; Conjunctivitis, Allergic* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Pruritus ; Recurrence ; Sensation ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Cell Line* ; Humans*

No abstract available.
Anencephaly* ; Humans

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the radiation adaptive response (RAR) in peripheral lymphocytes (PL) of patients induced by Tc.-99m MDP and Tc-99m DTPA scintigraphies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Lymphocytes from 45 patients (25 males, 20 females, mean age 44+/-18 years) were collected before and after scintigraphies using 740 MBq Tc-99m MDP (n=22) or Tc-99m L)TPA (n=23). Lympho-cytes from 20 controls (12 males, 8 females, mean age 43+/-7 years) were also callected. They were exposed to challenge dose of 2 Gy gamma-rays using a Cs-137 cell irradiator, Number of ring-form (R) and dicentric (D) chromosomes was counted under the light microscope. From them a representative score, Ydr, was calculated as Ydr=(D+R)/cells. Adaptation index (AI) was defined as difference of Ydr between unconditioned and conditioned lymphocytes. Ydr was also measured after an administration of cyclohexi-mide (CHM), a protein synthesis inhibitor, before challenge dose. RESULTS: RAR was induced in both groups of patients. CHM abolished the adaptive response in both groups. AI of Tc-99m MDP group was significantly higher than that of Tc-99m DTPA group. CONCLUSION: Tc-99m MDP induced RAR was more prominent than those induced by Tc-99m DTPA.
Chromosome Aberrations ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphocytes* ; Male ; Pentetic Acid* ; Technetium Tc 99m Medronate*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop an e-Learning program about medication for nurses to enhance nurses' medication performance ability and to analyze learners' responses after studying with this program. METHOD: For the development of the e-Learning program, the NBISD(Network Based Instructional Systems Design) model, suggested by Jung(1999) was applied as a basic model and the instruction design theory of Gagne & Briggs(1979) and ARCS theory of Keller(1983) were applied. After the operation of this program for one month to 34 new nurses, learners' responses were analyzed. RESULT: Learners' knowledge of medication was greatly improved after this program. In addition learners' satisfaction with the overall education program, help in field applicability, ease of screen shift and exploration, and tutor activities were high and the contents were regarded suitable for e-Learning. Many things were advantageous such as easy accessibility, easy understandability with pictures and flash animation, practical cases and feedback from a tutor. Provision of a supplementary handout and improvement of a tight time schedule were pointed out as things to be improved. CONCLUSION: This e-Learning program can be used effectively for medication education for registered nurses, student nurses, and new nurses.
*Pharmaceutical Preparations ; *Internet ; Humans ; Female ; *Education, Nursing ; *Computer-Assisted Instruction ; Adult

Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Cervix Uteri ; Elasticity ; Elasticity Imaging Techniques ; Female ; Hardness ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Jupiter ; Labor Presentation ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Premature Birth ; Reproducibility of Results ; Uterine Artery

Conjoined twin rarely occurs in human, with a reported incidence of 1:50,000 to 1:100,000 pregnancies. The site and extent of fusion are infinitely variable. Classification systems for conjoined twins are usually based on the fused anatomic region. The early prenatal diagnosis and assessment for shared vital organs are desirable for optimal obstetrical counseling and management. When severe forms are diagnosed prior to 24 weeks, pregnancy termination via vaginal delivery can be considered. With the advent of ultrasound, prenatal diagnosis is possible during the late first trimester or early second trimester. We report a case of cephalopagus diagnosed prenatally by ultrasonogram in the second trimester and subsequently was terminated, with a brief review of literature.
Classification ; Counseling ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Twins, Conjoined ; Ultrasonography

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating central nervous system disease characterized by neurological deficits, including cognitive impairment, altered mental status, and muscle spasticity. Preoperative evaluation and intraoperative airway management of the airway is difficult in patients with this disease. In this report, the authors describe a 62-year-old man with PML and spastic hemiparesis, who was scheduled for video-assisted thoracic bullectomy under general anesthesia. A preoperative airway evaluation, including Mallampati classification, could not be performed due to lack of patient cooperation. Additionally, the anesthesiologist did not perform diverse physical assessments of the airway or prepare an adequate airway management strategy. During induction of general anesthesia, difficulty with intubation was encountered because of limited mouth opening. This case emphasizes that anesthesiologists should have thorough knowledge of airway assessment and management strategies, and perform a comprehensive assessment to implement appropriate airway management in patients with this disease.
Airway Management ; Anesthesia, General ; Central Nervous System ; Classification ; Cognition Disorders ; Humans ; Intubation* ; Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal* ; Middle Aged ; Mouth ; Muscle Spasticity* ; Paresis ; Patient Compliance

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the differences of expression in glycolysis-related proteins such as Glut-1, carbonic anhydrase (CA) IX, and monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) 4 according to the myoepithelial cell (MEC) and basement membrane (BM) status in solid papillary carcinoma (SPC) of the breast. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Immunohistochemical evaluation of Glut-1, CAIX, and MCT4, as well as p63 and type IV collagen, were performed on 23 SPC cases. RESULTS: Six and nine cases of SPC showed the presence and absence of myoepithelial cells, respectively, and eight cases belonged to the borderline status (p63-positive MEC on some areas of the outer tumor surface but not in others). BM was partially or completely absent in 14 cases and present in nine cases. SPC lacking BM more frequently showed high expression of CAIX than SPC with BM (p=0.037). CONCLUSION: In SPC of the breast, a strong expression of CAIX seems to be associated with an increasing degree of loss of BM, which can be interpreted as BM degradation due to the induction of extracellular acidity with increasing expression of CAIX.
Adult ; Aged ; Basement Membrane/*metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms/*metabolism ; Carcinoma, Papillary/*metabolism ; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2/metabolism ; Female ; Glycolysis ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Middle Aged ; Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters/metabolism ; Muscle Proteins/metabolism ; Tumor Markers, Biological/*metabolism