No abstract available.
Dermoscopy* ; Diagnosis

PURPOSE:Idiopathic ketotic hypoglycemia (IKH) is an important cause of hypoglycemia in children. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of ketotic hypoglycemia and to describe the clinical manifestation. METHODS:We conducted a retrospective chart review of children presenting hypoglycemia to the emergency department (ED) of Ewha Womans University Hospital between January 1995 and June 2004. Information recorded for subject included age, gender, weight, time of presentation, presenting symptoms, and laboratory data. RESULTS:Eighty two children were identified for hypoglycemia during the study period. IKH was the ultimate diagnosis for 66 patients (80.5%). Other diagnoses included hyperinsulinism (2.4%), drug adverse event (1.2%), sepsis (1.2%), and other disorder. The mean age for presentation of IKH was 37.9+/-18.6 months. Thirty eight boys and twenty eight girls were identified. The median time of presentation was 9:48 a.m. Of the 66 subjects, body weight of 46.9% patients was below 25th percentile for age. The average blood glucose was 41.4+/-14.2 mg/dL. Symptoms at presentation included lethargy (24.2%), mental change (16.7%) and vomiting (16.7%). 49 patients (74.2%) were described as having a concomitant illness. CONCLUSION: IKH was responsible for 80.4% of cases of hypoglycemia in pediatric ED and it had usually concomitant intercurrent illness which resulting in poor oral intake. Awareness of IKH, and its presenting characteristics, will be helpful in the ED when taking care of hypoglycemic children.
Blood Glucose ; Body Weight ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperinsulinism ; Hypoglycemia* ; Lethargy ; Prevalence* ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis ; Vomiting

Gastritis cystica superficialis (GCS) is a rare lesion which is characterized by glandular hyperplasia with regeneration and degeneration in the mucosa and muscularis mucosa. Recently, GCS is revealed as precancerous lesion, but most report has been associated with those found at the site of a gastroenterostomy. So, we report two cases with GCS who had not previous gastric surgery. A 45-year-old woman visited for epigastric discomfort and another 4Q-year-old woman for epigastric pain. They had not undergone any gastric surgery. The gastroscopy discovered one polyp on anterior wall of greater curvature, upper body and another polyp in the center of the fold of greater curvature, lower body. We removed it by snare polypectomy and the histologic finding showed the character of GCS.
Female ; Gastritis* ; Gastroenterostomy ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Middle Aged ; Mucous Membrane ; Polyps ; Regeneration ; SNARE Proteins

No abstract available.
Uterine Prolapse*

Recently refractive corneal surgery has been increasing and intraocular lens implantation is a routine procedure during cataract surgery. Many people have various activities in the evening such as night driving, thus it may be very important measuring the pupil size in the dark in determining the size of the optical zone. We measured pupil size of sixty normal adult candidates in darkness of 0, 20, 60, 100 lux and also in the bright illumination of 200 lux for comparison using near lens camera and slide film. The pupils became larger with younger age and increased darkness. Pupil Size(log mm) = 4.57 - 0.0388 X Age(year) - 0.005 X Luminance(lux). The average pupil size of all age groups were 7.0mm, 6.56mm, 5.97mm, 5.4mm sequencially in darkness and 4.77mm in brightness(200 lux). The average pupil size of 20~30 year old group who are socially active even at night was 7.18mm and 8.4mm in maximum. This has significant meaning clinically. Additionally the size of pupil became larger with increased corneal diameter and the amount of anisocoria tended to be greater with the increase of the darkness.
Adult* ; Anisocoria ; Cataract ; Darkness ; Humans ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular ; Lighting ; Pupil*

Three cases of lipomas associated with heavy talc deposits are reported in local inhabitants near a fiber glass factory. Pathologic and mineralogical analysis by polarizing microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis and X-ray diffraction of mass were done. Simultaneously, we performed an epidemiological survey and a mineralogical study of disposed fiber glass from waste site and ground water. All tumors consisted of mature fat tissue containing an abundant birefringent talc fibers and particles under polarized light. The concentrations of the fibers were 494.7, 6.7 and 50.7 million fibers per gram of dry tissue. The fibers were needlelike with rectangular fractured ends, up to 17 micrometer in length and 0.5 micrometer in diameter. EDX and X-ray diffraction analysis of the fibers showed that 71 to 100% of the fibers were magnesium silicate, talc. We also identified magnesium silicate fibers in the fiber glass from the waste site and in the ground water which were similar to talc fibers in lipomas,. We concluded that fibrous talc, a component of fiberglass waste, might be associated with the development of lipomas via unknown exposure route.
Environmental Exposure ; Foreign Bodies ; Glass ; Groundwater ; Lipoma* ; Magnesium ; Microscopy ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Nerve Fibers, Myelinated ; Silicates ; Talc* ; X-Ray Diffraction

BACKGROUND: Skin thickness for parameter of skin aging has been analysed with various methods. Skin thickness variations between the young and the old has been studied with various methods such as biopsies, calipers, micrometers, computer tomography, ultrsonography. But none of these methods evaluates skin thickness exactly. OBJECTIVE: For the evaluation of age-dependent skin thickness changes, we compared the skin thickness of an old-aged group and a young group with 20MHz-ultrasonography. METHODS: In order to identify the skin thickness variation between different age groups, 60 subjects, 30 aged 23-33, and 30 over 60, were studied with 20MHz-high frequency ultrasonogrphy (Dermascan C, Cortex Technology, Hadsund, Denmark) on fourteen skin sites. This machine was designed to measure the thickness from the top of the epidermis to the bottom of the dermis. After storage of cross-sectional skin imaging, skin thickness was calculated with a computer assisted image-analysis program. Skin thickness of the old was analysed by age, sex, height and weight.
Biopsy ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Humans ; Skin Aging ; Skin* ; Ultrasonography*

Congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia, the most severe form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, is caused by mutations in the steroidogenic acute regulatory protien (StAR). It is characterized by failure of synthesis of all three classes of adrenal steroids and massive accumulation of lipids and cholesterol in the adrenal cortex. The computed tomography (CT) unequivocally delineated massively enlarged adrenal glands of fat-tissue attenuation, enabling early diagnosis and replacement therapy. We report a case of congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia, in which CT established that lipoid deposition at the adrenal cortex disappeared after the adrenal hormone replacement therapy.
Adrenal Cortex ; Adrenal Glands ; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital ; Cholesterol ; Early Diagnosis* ; Hormone Replacement Therapy ; Hyperplasia* ; Steroids

Purpose: This is a descriptive correlation study to confirm the effect of stress and anxiety caused by COVID-19 on the quality of life of small business owners in an area under environment of COVID-19. Methods: The participants were 150 small business owners in an area. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, a one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression with the SPSS 25.0 Program. Results: The stress of small business owners averaged 3.67±0.65 out of 4 points, anxiety of COVID-19 was 2.65±0.52, and quality of life was 75.61±20.26 out of 130 points. The quality of life showed a significant negative correlation with ‘fear of infection’ (r=-.42, p<.001), ‘difficulties caused by social distancing’ (r=-.49, p<.001) in the stress subdomain, and anxiety (r=-.61, p<.001). On the other hand, stress, ‘fear of infection’ (r=.50, p<.001), ‘difficulties caused by social distancing’ (r=.60 p<.001), ‘anger against others’ (r=.35, p<.001) and anxiety showed positive correlation. Factors affecting the quality of life of the subjects were ‘fear of infection’ in the stress subdomain (β=-.23, p=.003), anxiety (β=-.45, p<.001), and residential area (J zone) (β=-.16, p=.030). These factors explained 47.0% of the variance. Conclusion In order to enhance the quality of life of small business owners in an area, it is required to reduce stress and anxiety. In addition, it is necessary to prepare an intervention program that can reduce stress and anxiety of small business owners.

No abstract available.
B-Lymphocytes* ; Lymphoma, B-Cell* ; Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia*