0.05).The effect on traditional Chinese medical syndrome in the treatment group was superior to that in the control group(P 0.05).The average insulin dosage and hypoglycemia incidence were reduced,and the time for blood glucose becoming normal was shortened in the treatment group(P

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension, Renal ; Infant ; Male ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To investigate the feasibility and safety of transabdominal perposterior mediastinum radical operation in the treatment of cardiac carcinoma. Methods Twenty-six cases of cardiac carcinoma invading low esophagus underwent transabdominal posterior mediastinum radical resection. Among them 9 patients received radical proximal gastroesophagectomy, and 17 cases did radical total gastroesophagectomy. Results The procedures were all successful. The mean operation time for total gastrectomy was (189±39) min, proximal subtotal gastrectomy was (153±35) min. The averge blood loss of total gastrectomy was (200±80) ml, proximal subtotal gastrectomy was (168±76) ml. The harvest of celiac lymph nodes were (23.3±7.3), esophageal lymph nodes were (4.1±2.0). Pneumonia was complicated in 4 cases and there was no anastomotic hemorrhage, leakage nor stenosis. All patients were followed up from 5 to 51 months, liver metastasis was found in 4 cases, lung metastasis in 2 patients and death in 1. There was no anastomotic stoma tumor recurrence. Conclusion It was feasible and safe to perform transabdominal perposterior mediastinum radical operation for cardiac carcinoma patients, provided that diaphragms was not involved and tumor invaded esophageal length was less than 5 cm.

BACKGROUND: It is discovered by administrating different emetics to vomiting animals, like cats, that there are a large amount of Fos positive neuronal expressions in the arc region from nucleus of solitary tract, lateral tegmentum to ventrolateral area. And it has been viewed that the arc region from area postrema, nucleus of solitary tract to ventrolateral reticular structure is the main emetic region. Whether do the non-vomiting animals reflect in response or not after emetic injection?OBJECTIVE: To observe the distribution of Fos positive neurons in relevant emetic regions of brain and spinal cord in rats after abdominal injection of emetic, cisplatin.DESIGN: Randomized controlled experiment based on animals.SETTING: Neural Physiological Research Room of Life Science College in Hebei Normal University and Physiological Room of Basic Medicine Institute in Hebei Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Neural Physiological Research Room of Life Science College in Hebei Normal University and Physiological Room of Basic Medicine Institute in Hebei Medical University from March to August 2003. Twelve SD male rats were employed, body weighted varied from 220 to 250 g, of clean-grade. They were randomized into experimental group of 6 rats and the control of 6 rats.INTERVENTIONS: In experimental group, the emetic, cisplatin, was injected abdominally 10 mg/kg. In the control, the physiological saline of same dose was injected. Afterwards, the activity changes in rats were observed at room temperature, quiet and light-avoided environment. Six hours later, the brain tissue was collected for frozen continuous sectioning. Immunohistochemical staining method was used to observe the distribution of Fos positive neurons in brainstem and forebrain nuclei and to count positive cell.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Behavior observation in rats after emetic injection. ② Counts of Fos positive cell in relevant regions of brain in rats.RESULTS: Twelve rats all entered result analysis. ① In 20 minutes after injection, the rats in both groups were in tranquilizing state, lying prone with body curled, almost without any movement. In 60 minutes after injection, the rats in the control were recovered to normal, free of eating or drinking. The rats in experimental group were in prone-lying state with body curled. They rose up or shook the heads occasionally, and they breathed fast and uneven.In 2 hours after injection, in experimental group, the rats were still in abdominal prone tightly in the cage, with heads lowed and irregular shaking of noses. In 5 hours, the rats in experimental group began standing up and moving, with normal breathing, but they still did not eat or drink. ② Fos positive neurons in solitary tract, area postrema and lateral parabrachial nucleus and paraventricular nucleus, supraoptic nucleus and arc nucleus in hypothalamus (64.3 ±9.6, 83.4 ±15.0, 148.8 ±19.9, 80. 2 ± 11.8, 20.7 ±3.8, 86. 6 ± 10.8) were remarkably higher than those in the control(56. 2 ±6.3,73.5±9.9,136.9±17.8,66. 1±10.3,17.3±3.4,78.8±10.5).CONCLUSION: Emetics induce discomforts in internal organs of rats, due to which, there probably exist emetic regions similar to vomiting animals in central neural system. But it is probably lack of vomiting-related adjusting mechanism. Emetics irritate the increase of Fos positive neurons in relevant regions in the brain of rat, which suggests that there exist relevant neural chemical pathways similar to nausea in the brain of non-vomiting rats.

Objective To analyze the correlation of cerebral perfusion characteristics and cognitive function on patients with unipolar and bipolar depression. Methods The r-CBF imaging was detected by SPECT forall subjects. Evaluated cognitive function of subjects using WAIS-CR and WMA, and analysed data using SPSS.Results Data showed that some regions in the brain, e.g. temporal lobe, frontal lobe, hippocampus, and basal ganglia, had significant alterations of r-CBF in depressed patients as compared with healthy controls (P ＜ 0. 05 ).Compared with UPD, BPD showed increased perfusion in basal ganglia ( 0,22.73%; 4.54%, 36. 36% ) (P ＜0.05 ). Furthermore there was no significant different incognitive deficits between UPD and BPD(P ＞ 0. 05 ) , and correlations between cognitive impairment and hypoperfusion of rCBF (P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion There be exist difference in r-CBF between UPD and BPD. The perfusion of r-CBF in BPD is significantly increased than that in UPD,and it suggest that hyperperfusion in basal ganglia may be the biological basis when bipolar depression turning to manic.

Objective To evaluate the application effects of mind map in community health education of rheumatoid arthritis patients. Methods 65 rheumatoid arthritis patients from Shunqing district of Nanchong City, Sichuan Province were randomly divided into an observation group (n=33) and a control group(n=32). Both groups received six-month health education. Health educators utilized mind map for the observation group and traditional health education for the control group. Before and after implementation, the two groups' mastery of disease knowledge was compared. During the period of 1, 3, 6 months, two groups received compliance evaluation respectively. During the study period, a questionnaire was given to the observation group to collect their attitude towards the mind map health education and their evaluation about it. Measurement data was represented by x ± s, using group t-test design information and single-sample t-test. χ2test was used in the count data for compar-ison between groups with test levelα=0.05. Results The scores of disease knowledge were as follows. Before implementation there was no statistically significant difference between two groups (P=0.921);After implementation, the score of observation group was(19.97±3.03), while the score of control group was(17.59±3.11), the difference was statistically significant(t=3.122,P=0.003). The difference of 1,3,6-month compliance scores was statistically significant(t=2.173,P=0.034;t=2.371,P=0.021;t=2.615,P=0.011) with the observation group's scores(18.24±3.44),(18.94±3.25),(19.64±3.06) respectively,and the control group's scores(16.47±3.13),(16.97±3.45),(17.44±3.70). Observation group's attitude questionnaire scores of each project are > 3, and there was significant difference be-tween two groups (P=0.000). Conclusion Mind mapping method can be used in community health education for rheumatoid arthritis patients to help patients master the knowledge of the disease and improve the compliance. Its effect is better than traditional methods.

Objective To explore the cataract surgery quality on blindness prevention and postoperative problems in village in short period. Design Population-based survey. Participants 251 cases(254 eyes) received operation and 131 cases(134 eyes)were surveyed 6-month postoperatively. Methods Patients were examined 6-month after the small incision extracapsular cataract extraction and intra ocular lens(IOL) implantation. Examinations were conducted by a special oculist including far vision, near vision, external in- spection, anterior segment, posterior segment, intraocular pressure. Main Outcome Measures Visual acuity, intraocular pressure, diopter, eye complications of surgery. Results Naked far vision of the operated eye more than or equal to 0.3 was 41.8%, naked far vi- sion of the eye more than or equal to 0.05 was 82.8%; corrected far vision more than or equal to 0.3 was 64.2%, corrected far vision more than or equal to 0.05 was 92.3%. Naked near vision more than or equal to 0.1 was 79.9%, corrected near vision more than or e- qual to 0.1 was 85.8%. The main postoperative complications were ametropia, posterior capsule opacification(PCO), deformed pupil, pupil displacement, pigments of IOL, eccentric IOL and intraocular hypertension. The chief reasons of eyes that could not be recovered were vitreous, retina or optic nerve diseases, the key factors that caused living vision less than 0.3 were ametropia, PCO, the disease of vitreous, retina and optic nerve. Conclusions The serious complications affecting the surgery result are limited in a low range. The most important factors of the eye corrected far vision less than 0.05 are the vitreous, retina and optic nerve diseases. In order to improve the visual sight, we should add equipment to calculate the IOL diopter accurately.

Objective Corneal endothelial decompensation is caused by many corneal diseases. It often results in severe clinical complications. Endothelial keratoplasty (EK) is a new therapy for corneal endothelial decompensation. This study aimed to investigate a new approach to establishing corneal endothelial decompensation animal model with Descemetorhexis technique in order to better understand the tissue response to EK. Methods Thirty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups according to different surgical procedures; corneal endothelial cells (CEC), Descemet's membrane and corneal endothelial cells (DM + CEC) as well as Descemet' s stripping with endothelial keratoplasty(DSEK) group and 10 eyes for each. The right eyes of rabbits were as surgery eyes. Other 10 rabbits were as DSEK donors. Corneal transparency, anterior chamber response and graft location were examined once per day for two weeks under the slit lamp. Comeal thickness was measured by ultrasound biomicroscope. Corneal endothelial cells were analyzed using vital staining with alizarin red and trypan blue in 2, 4 and 8 weeks after operation. Results The cornea in DM + CEC group remained opaque throughout the observation period. In CEC and DSEK group, corneal clarity was gradually restored and corneal thickness was significantly less than that in the DM + CEC group during the postoperative 8 weeks. There were significant differences in corneal thickness between the DM + CEC group and CEC group or DSEK group during the postoperative 8 weeks (P ＜0. 05). The vital staining showed that most Descemetorhexis area was not covered by endothelial cells even 2 months after surgery. Conclusion A new corneal endothelial decompensation model is successfully established for the study of corneal endothelial keratoplasty, which is helpful for understanding the wound-healing of rabbit corneal endothelium after Descemel' s membrane damage.

OBJECTIVE To study the frequencyof extracapsular spread (ECS) in neck metastasis and its impact on prognosis in supraglottic carcinoma. METHODS A total of 177 patients with radical or modified neck dissection between Jan. 1994 and Dec. 1997 for supraglottic carcinoma were summarized. Transparent lymph node detection and a series of sectioning method were applied on all neck dissection specimens. The SPSS software package (version 11.5) was used to make statistical analysis. Survival curves were calculated with the Kaplan-Meier model. Impact of extracapsular spread on prognosis was assessed for significance with the Log-Rank test. RESULTS Eighty one patients were pathologically positive in neck specimens and the neck metastatic rate was 45.8 %. ECS was found in 32 cases and the ECS frequency was 39.5 % (32/81). The ECS was related with pathological N stage and the number of positive nodes. Patients with ECS had a higher possibility of regional recurrence and contralateral metastasis. The 5-year survival rates of patients with neck metastasis ECS- and patients with ECS+ were 61.9 % and 22.2 % respectively. The differences had statistically significance. CONCLUSION ECS in neck metastasis affects the prognosis in patients with supraglottic carcinoma. If bilateral neck dissection was not selected simultaneously, close follow-up on contralateral neck should be selected in patients with ECS because of a higher incidence of contralateral neck metastasis.

AIM: To investigate whether hypercapnia is protective against acute lung injury (ALI) in a rabbit model, and study it's potential mechanisms. METHODS: Twenty-two healthy New Zealand white rabbits were involved in this study, and randomly allocated to control group (group C), normocapnic group (group N) and hypercapnic group (group H). Oleic acid (0 1 mL/kg) was injected intravenously to establish ALI model. Lung mechanics, hemodynamics, blood-gas analysis, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in lung tissue were measured. Apoptosis was analyzed after 3h mechanical ventilation. RESULTS: (1) Peak airway pressure in group H was significantly lower than that in group N (P