PURPOSE: The objectives of this study were to evaluate whether intravesical protrusion of the prostate (IPP) and bladder wall thickness (BWT) are related to prostate volume (PV), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) in patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: From September 2003 to May 2004, 152 patients with LUTS/BPH were included in this study. Their ages ranged from 46 to 86 years, with an average of 65.0 years. PV (measured by transrectal ultrasonography), serum PSA, IPSS, maximal flow rate (Qmax), post-voiding residual urine volume (PVR), acute urinary retention (AUR) and relationship with irritative or obstructive voiding symptoms were recorded. IPP and BWT were measured using transabdominal ultrasonography. The degree of protrusion was classified as grade I (less than 5mm), II (5 to 10mm) or III (greater than 10mm). The degree of thickness was classified as grade I (less than 5mm) or II (5mm or greater). RESULTS: The higher IPP and BWT grades showed significant differences with higher PV, serum PSA and IPSS (p<0.05). Especially, higher BWT grade was associated with higher PVR and AUR (p<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between grades and irritative or obstructive symptoms (p>0.05). Qmax showed no statistical significance between IPP and BWT (p>0.05). There was no correlation between IPP and BWT grades. CONCLUSIONS: IPP and BWT showed a statistically significant relation with PV, serum PSA and IPSS. Especially, higher BWT was associated with higher PVR and AUR. If symptomatic BPH patients receive medical treatment, IPP and BWT measurements appear to be useful predictors of BOO.
Humans ; Prostate ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Ultrasonography* ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Retention

PURPOSE: The effectiveness of Loxoprofen sodium, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), on the nocturia in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), not responding to anticholinergics or hypnotics, as well as alpha-blockers and 5 alpha reductase inhibitors, were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between October 2004 and June 2005, 150 BPH patients with 2 or more episodes of nocturia, despite treatments with anticholinergics or hypnotics, were enrolled in this study. Loxoprofen, 60mg/day, was orally administered prior to sleeping for 2 weeks. The number of episodes of nocturia was assessed before and after treatment according to baseline number of episodes of nocturia, age distribution, prostate volume and previous nocturia treatment. RESULTS: The number of nocturia episodes decreased by at least 1 in 74.7% (112/150) of patients, and decreased by 2 or more, 1 and were unchanged or increased were 48.0, 26.7 and 25.3% of patients, respectively. In baseline nocturia > or =6 group, the nocturia decreased by 1 or more in 85.0%. Treatment-emergent adverse events, including gastric discomfort (12 patients, 8.0%), weak urinary stream (5 patients, 3.3%) and leg edema (2 patients, 1.3%), occurred in 19 of the 150 (12.7%) patients. There were no withdrawals resulting from adverse events. CONCLISIONS: Loxoprofen can be effectively combined as a treatment option for patients with BPH complaining of unresolved nocturia. However, studies on the mechanism of action, long term effectiveness and adverse events of Loxoprofen are necessary.
5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors ; Age Distribution ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Cholinergic Antagonists ; Edema ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Leg ; Nocturia* ; Prostate ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Rivers ; Sodium*