Histocytic medullary reticulosis, known as malignant histiocytosis, is a disorder characterized by a systemicproliferation of morphologically abnormal histiocytes with prominent erythrophagocytosis. Fever, wasting, lymphdenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly and pancytopenia are the main clinical pictures. Prognosis is very poor andinvariably die within several months. Authors present radiological findings of pulmonary involvement in 5 cases of histologically proven histiocytic medullary reticulosis. The findings are progressive interstitial, alveolar ormixed infiltrations, small amount of pleural effusion, hilar and/or mediastineal lymph node enlargement and cardiomegaly. Histiocytic medullary reticulosis should be borne in mind in differential diagnosis of any patientswho has unexplanable above radiological findings.
Cardiomegaly ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fever ; Histiocytes ; Histiocytic Sarcoma ; Lung ; Lymph Nodes ; Pancytopenia ; Pleural Effusion ; Prognosis

From July 1, 1981 to August 31, 1984, 59 patients who had radiation therapy for carcinoma of cervix had CTscanning at Departement of Diagnostic Radiology, Kosin Medical College. The authors analysed the CT findings ofthe patients in regard to the recurrence of the disease and postradiation changes. The results are as followings:1. The incidence of recurrence was most common in advanced stage over IIb. 77% 2. Changes in pelvic cavity were asfollowings; ; Widening of presacral space 78% ; Increased perirectal fat space 81% ; Symmetrical thickening ofperirectal fascia 97% ; Fibrous connectin between sacrum and rectum 92% ; Anterior conncetion between rectum andperirectal fascia 47% ; Increased bowel wall thickness 44% ; Increased bladder wall thickness with trabeculations51% 3. In most patients who had CT scanning within 3 months after radiation therapy, CT did not demonstratepostradiation changes characterized by an increased pelvic fibrous and fatty tissue. 4. In 10 patients who hadpostoperative radiation therapy, 8 patients show increased bowel wall thickness. 5. 30 patients with recurrentcarcinoma of cervix were as followings; ; Pelvic tumor recurrence 90% ; Parametrial and side wall extension 53% ;Pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenopathy 40% ; Hydronephrosis 23% ; Bladder involvement 23% ; Lumbar spineinvolvement 10% And 1 patient shows distant metastasis to paraaortic lymph node, 1 patient to lumbar spine, and 1patient to liver without recurrent tumor mass in pelvic cavity. 6. 2 patients showing mass wihout other sign inthe pelvic cavity were unable to be differentiated between irradiated uterus and recurrent tumor.
Adipose Tissue ; Cervix Uteri ; Connectin ; Fascia ; Female ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Incidence ; Liver ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Rectum ; Recurrence ; Sacrum ; Spine ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Urinary Bladder ; Uterus

Retroperitoneal cystic lymphangioma is a rare benign tumor which had previously been difficult to diagnose preoperatively by conventional radiographic technique(1). Recent reports describe the computed tomographic and ultrasonographic findings in cystic lymphangioma(1,2). We report a case of retroperitoneal cystic lymphangioma, accurately diagnosed by lymphography, with computed tomographic findings and percutaneous drainage findings. To the best of out knowledge, this is the most aged case of retroperitoneal cystic lymphangioma of preoperatively diagnosed.
Drainage ; Lymphangioma, Cystic* ; Lymphography

Authors retrospectively analyzed the CT findings of 102 cases of histologically proven bronchogenic carcinomaduring last 4 years from January 1980 to July 1984 at Kosin Medical College. The results were as follows; 1. Thesex ratio was 86 males to 16 females and the greatest number (66.7%) of cases were seen in fourth and fifthdecades. 2. The distribution of histoligic types of primary lung cancer as follows: squamous cell carcinoma 66cases, Adenocarcinoma 10 cases, small cell carcinoma 7 cases, Large cell carcinoma 5 cases, bronchiloalveolar cellcarcinoma 1 case, Unclassifed 13 cases. 3. Location of primary lesions as follows: Right lung 61 cases, Left lung40 cases. In both lungs, the greatest number of cases were found in the upper lobes. Ratio between central andperippheral mass was 2.5:1, except adenocarcinoma(6:4). 4. CT findings were as follows; Hilar or central mass(75cases), Peipheral mass(26), Bronchial abnormalities such as narrowing, obstruction, or displacement (60),Thickening of the posterior wall of the right upper lobe bronchus, bronchus intermedius, or left mainbronchus(17), Post-obstructive changes; Atelectasis, Pneumonitis, Emphysema(34, 17, 1 respectively), Hilaradenopathy(21), Mediastinal lymph node enlargement(50). Mediastinal invasion(51), Pericardial thickening(5), SVCsyndrom with collateral vessels(3), Pleural effusion (27), Pleural thickening or invasion(14), Chest wallinvasion(2), distant metastasis(26). 5. In most of patients(92 cases), the size of mass above 3cm, but in 9 casesbelow 3cm. Margins of the masses were serrated or lobulated in most cases. In 5 cases, cavitary formations werenoted, walls of which were thick and irregular, and air-fluid level was noted in 1 case. In 2 cases, eccentriccalcification were noted within mass. 6. Among 51 cases of whom direct mediastinal invasion was suspected, 8 caseswere operated upon, and this revealed that the masses were not resectable. Among the patients in whom no direct mediastinal invasion was suggested, 12 cases were operated uppon, and this revealed that the masses wereresectable in all cases. 7. Staging was as follows: stage I, 2 cases, Stage II, 13 cases, stage III, 86 cases.
Adenocarcinoma ; Bronchi ; Carcinoma, Large Cell ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lung ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Pleural Effusion ; Pneumonia ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Retrospective Studies ; Thorax

To explore the ability of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) in the diagnosis of avascular necrosis(AVN) of the femoral head, we compared appearances on MRI of 85 proven AVN lesions with those on radiographs(n=79)and radionuclide scans(n=75). Clinical symptoms(n=85) were also correlated. All MR studies included coronal and axial T1WI and coronal T2WI. All lesions involved the anterosuperior aspect of the femoral head and were surrounded by a low signal intensity rim of both T1 and T2WI. The signal intensity of the lesions was variable depending on the disease course, and lesions were divided into four classes according to the classification suggested by Mitchell. Radiogrphs were normal in 16%(13/79) of the lesions which were in MR class A(10), B(1), C(2). The radionuclide scans showed normal in 16%(12/75) of the lesions which were in MR class A(8), B(1), C(2), D(1). On the other hand. 93% of the lesions with MR class A(27/29) showed stage 1 and 2 lesions on radiographs. Clinical symptoms were absent in 25%(21/85) of the leions, and among these. 81%(17/21) were MR class A. Conclusively. MR is superior to the radiograph and radionuclide scan in the early detection of AVN, and can also show the exact location, extent and signal chasacteristics of the lesion. Therefore, MR is essential in diagnosis and management of AVN.
Classification ; Diagnosis ; Hand ; Head* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Necrosis*

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and carotid artery atherosclerosis beyond metabolic disorders. METHODS: We studied 320 non-diabetic patients with ultrasonographically diagnosed NAFLD and 313 non-diabetic patients without NAFLD who have less than 40 g alcohol/week drinking history. Carotid atherosclerotic burden was assessed by carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque. All subjects were divided to the metabolic syndrome (MetS) according to International Diabetes Federation criteria. RESULTS: NAFLD patients had a significantly increased mean carotid IMT (0.79 +/- 0.18 vs. 0.73 +/- 0.13 mm; p < 0.001) than those without the condition. The prevalence of increased IMT, defined as IMT > or = 1 mm, and carotid plaque were 52.5% and 34.1% in the patients with NAFLD vs. 35.8% and 18.8% in the patients without this condition (p < 0.001). The difference in IMT and prevalence of plaque was also significant even in patients without MetS as well as those with MetS (all p < 0.05). NAFLD-associated adjusted odds ratio for increased IMT was 1.236 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.023-1.467, p = 0.016] without MetS and 1.178 (95% CI, 1.059-1.311, p = 0.003) with MetS. NAFLD-associated adjusted odds ratio of carotid plaque was 1.583 (95% CI, 1.309-1.857, p = 0.024) without MetS and 1.536 (95% CI, 0.512-4.604, p = 0.444) with MetS. CONCLUSION: NAFLD is significantly associated with carotid atherosclerosis in non-diabetic outpatients even without MetS. Carotid screening for NAFLD might be beneficial for assessment of future atherosclerotic complications.
Atherosclerosis ; Carotid Arteries ; Carotid Artery Diseases ; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ; Drinking ; Fatty Liver ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Odds Ratio ; Outpatients ; Prevalence

PURPOSE: To compare the depiction of brain metastases on contrast-enhanced images with 7.0 tesla (T) and at 1.5T MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four consecutive patients with brain metastases were scanned on 7.0T whole-body scanner and 1.5T MRI. A 3D T1-weighted gradient echo sequence (3D T1-GRE) at 1.5T (voxel size = 0.9 x 0.9 x 1.5 mm3 after double-dose, gadoterate meglumine, Gd-DOTA) was compared to a 7.0T 3D T1-GRE sequence (voxel size = 0.4 x 0.4 x 0.8 mm3, single-dose Gd-DOTA) in four patients after a 5 minute delay. The number of contrast-enhancing metastases in MPRAGE images was compared in each patient by two radiologists in consensus. We measured contrast ratio of enhancing brain metastases and white matter in 1.5T and 7.0T. RESULTS: In all four patients 7.0T 3D T1-GRE images after single-dose Gd-DOTA and 1.5T after double-dose Gd-DOTA depicted 11 brain metastases equally. In the quantitative analysis of contrast ratios of enhancing brain metastases and white matter, the 1.5T 3D T1-GRE after double-dose showed an increased contrast ratio compared to 7.0T 3D T1-GRE after single-dose (0.961 +/- 0.571 versus 0.885 +/- 0.494; n = 11 metastases). But this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.711). CONCLUSION: Our preliminary results indicate that 7.0T single-dose Gd-enhanced images were not different to 1.5T double-dose Gd-enhanced images for the detection of brain metastases.
Brain* ; Consensus ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Meglumine ; Neoplasm Metastasis*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The diagnostic and therapeutic utility of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been well demonstrated for biliary and pancreatic diseases. Biliary access can be allowed by infundibulotomy if failed by using the standard cannulation methods. However, no data are available regarding ERCP-related complications in patients taking antiplatelet agents who are undergoing infundibulotomy. Therefore, we aimed to assess the frequency of ERCP-related complications after infundibulotomy in patients taking antiplatelet agents. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study, and enrolled 835 patients who underwent ERCP at Pusan National University Hospital from January 2011 to December 2012. Seventy-two patients had been taking antiplatelet agents prior to the procedure. Patients were classified into two groups according to the utilization of infundibulotomy: 20 patients underwent infundibulotomy (group 1), and 52 patients did not undergo infundibulotomy (group 2). Complications after ERCP were defined as bleeding, post-ERCP pancreatitis, and perforation according to Cotton's criteria. RESULTS: Between group 1 and 2, there were no significant differences in baseline characteristics. ERCP was successfully performed in all cases. Clinically significant bleeding was observed in one patient in group 1 (5%, 1/20) versus none in group 2. Post-ERCP pancreatitis was observed in 2 patients (10.0%, 2/20) in group 1, and 7 patients (13.5%, 7/52) in group 2 (p=0.691). However, none of these differences were statistically significant. No perforation occurred in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the low incidence of bleeding after infundibulotomy in patients taking antiplatelet agents, infundibulotomy may be safely performed in this group of patients.
Aged ; *Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde/adverse effects ; Female ; Hemorrhage/etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatitis/etiology ; Pituitary Gland/*surgery ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/administration & dosage/*adverse effects ; Retrospective Studies ; Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic