PURPOSE: Tc-99m-tetrofosmin(TF) is a recently proposed myocardial imaging agent which has similar biokinetic characteristics to Tc-99m-sestamibi(MIBI). The aim of this study was to compare TF and MIBI myocardial perfusion SPECTs in detecting coronary artery disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and sixty patients(l0l males, 59 females, mean age 57+/-9 yr) who had undergone both myocardial perfusion SPECT (M- SPECT) and coronary angiography within 1 month were studied. M-SPECT was performed using TF in 115 patients and MIBI in 45 patients. Stress-rest one day protocol was used in all patients A coronary stenosis was considered significant when the luminal diameter > or =50% was compromised. The chi square test was used to compare, differences in sensitivity and specificity between the two groups. RESULTS: There was no difference in age and diseased coronary artery branches between the two groups. There were more male patients in TF group: Male-to-female ratios of TF and MIBI groups were 78:37 and 23:22, respectively (p<0.05). The overall sensitivity of TF study was 92% and specificity 36%. The overall, sensitivity and specificity of MIBI study were 93% and 30% respectively. There was no difference between TF and MIBI groups in identifying individual diseased coronary artery branches. CONCLUSION: One day stress-rest myocardial SPECT using either TF or MIBI was comparable and was a very sensitive test in detecting coronary artery disease.
Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Stenosis ; Coronary Vessels* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Perfusion* ; Phenobarbital ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Lymphocytes* ; Radiotherapy*

OBJECTIVES: The purposes of this clinical study were 1) to assess 5-year survival rates in 195 patients with locally invasive cervical cancer(stage Ia-IIb) treated by surgery, neoadjuvant chemotherapy+surgery and postoperative radiation in selected cases, 2) to evaluate the prognostic factors affecting the survival rate, and 3) to get helpful information for the better treatment. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 195 patients. They were diagnosed and operated on during the period of Jan. 1988 - Dec. 1993 in Dept. of OB/Gyn, Pusan Paik Hospital, Inje Medical School. The 5-year survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and prognostic factors were assessed using Wilcoxon test. RESULTS: The 5-year survival rates for FIGO stages Ia, Ib, IIa, and IIb were 100, 86.1, 76.9, and 81.1%, respectively. Factors that affect the 5-year survival rates were clinical stage(P=0.0001), cell type(small cell vs other, P=0.0001), depth of invasion(< or = 5 mm vs >5 mm, P=0.0013), tumor size(< or = 3 cm vs >3cm, P=0.0035), and lymph node metastasis(0 vs 1 vs more than 2, P=0.0001). There was no difference in 5-year survival rates between without neoadjuvant chemotherapy group and with neoadjuvant chemotherapy group which had poor prognostic factors. The predicted recurrence rate of the postoperative radiation group showed a lower 5-year survival rate than the no postoperative radiation group(P=0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the factors affecting the prognosis were FIGO stage, cell type, depth of invasion, tumor size, and lymph node metastasis, and speculated that the survival rates could be improved by using neoadjuvant chemotherapy for more advanced locally invasive cases properly.
Busan ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Schools, Medical ; Survival Rate ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Purpose: To evaluate outcomes and complications after traumatic posterior hip fractures and dislocations classified according to the Thompson-Epstein system. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five cases were selected from among the patients we treated between January 2000 and December 2005. According to Thompson-Epstein classification, 5 cases were type I, 7 cases were type II, 5 cases were type III, 8 cases were type IV, and 10 cases were type V. The mean age at the time of injury was 41 years (range: 19~72 years). Twenty-six patients were men, and 9 patients were women. The mechanisms of injury included traffic accidents in 30 cases and falls in 5 cases. The mean follow-up period was 31 months (range: 13~86 months). Fracture reduction was achieved within 6 hours in 32 cases. Thirty-four patients underwent closed reduction, and 22 of these patients were treated using Allis'method. Results: All Thompson-Epstein type I fractures were managed with closed reduction. Two type II fractures were treated conservatively, and 4 were treated with open reduction and internal fixation. All 13 type III and IV fractures were treated using open reduction and internal fixation. Six type V fractures were treated conservatively, 4 were treated with open reduction and internal fixation, and 1 was treated using total hip arthroplasty. Posttraumatic arthritis was observed in 9 cases, 7 of which were Thompson-Epstein type IV. Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head and deep vein thrombosis were observed in 1 case. Sciatic nerve injury was seen in 5 cases. Conclusion: Complications often occur in Thompson-Epstein type IV fractures. We believe that early, appropriate anatomical reduction helps to improve outcomes.
Arthritis ; Arthroplasty ; Dislocations ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Hip ; Hip Fractures ; Humans ; Male ; Necrosis ; Sciatic Nerve ; Venous Thrombosis

No abstract available.
Humans ; Rotator Cuff*

This study was designed to investigate the effect of diazepam on the spontaneous contraction and oxytocin induced contraction of the isolated rat uterus. Female rat (Sprague-Dawley) pretreated with oophorectomy and 4 days administration of estrogen. Weighing about 200 g, was sacrificed by cervical dislocation, and the uteruses were isolated. A longitudinal muscle strip was placed in temperature controlled (37℃) muscle chamber containing Locke's solution and myographied isometrically. Diazepam inhibited the spontaneous contraction and oxytocin induced contraction of the isolated rat uterus in a concentration-dependent manner. GABA, muscimol, a GABA A receptor agonist, bicuculline, a competitive GABA A receptor antagonist, picrotoxin, a non competitive GABA A receptor antagonist, baclofen, a GABA B receptor agonist, and delta-aminovaleric acid, a GABA B receptor antagonist, did not affect on the spontaneous and oxytocin induced contraction of the isolated rat uterus. The inhibitory actions of diazepam on the spontaneous and oxytocin induced contraction were not affected by all the GABA receptor agonists and antagonists, but exceptionally potentiated by bicuculline. This potentiation-effect by bicuculline was not antagonized by muscumol. In normal calcium PSS, addition of calcium restored the spontaneous contraction preinhibited by diazepam and recovered the contractile of oxtrocin preinhibited by diazepam. A23187, a calcium inophore, enhanced the restoration of both the spontaneous and oxytocin induced contraction by addition of calcium. In calcium-free PSS, diazepam suppressed the restoration of spontaneous motility by addition of calcium but allowed the recovery of spontaneous motility to a considerable extent. Diazepam could not inhibit some development of contractility by oxytocin in calcium-free PSS, but inhibited the increase in contractility by subsequent addition of calcium. These results suggest that the inhibitory action of diazepam on the rat uterine motility does not depend on or related to GABA receptors and that diazepam inhibits the extracellular calcium influx to suppress the spontaneous and oxytocin induced contractilities.
Animals ; Baclofen ; Bicuculline ; Calcimycin ; Calcium ; Diazepam* ; Dislocations ; Estrogens ; Female ; GABA Agonists ; GABA-A Receptor Agonists ; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists ; GABA-B Receptor Agonists ; GABA-B Receptor Antagonists ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; Humans ; Muscimol ; Ovariectomy ; Oxytocin* ; Picrotoxin ; Rats* ; Receptors, GABA ; Uterus*

BACKGROUND: Cotinine, a nicotine metabolite detected in urine, has been recommended as the best quantitative marker of smoking and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between indoor ETS and urinary cotinine level of the passive smokers. METHODS: We selected 42 nonsmokers who lived in Seoul and were not exposed to passive smoking at least 5 days before test. Urinary cotinine levels were measured by Smokescreen Colorimeter (Surescreen Diagnostics LTD, U.K.). We measured urinary cotinine levels twice (before and after smoking exposure). RESULTS: The mean urinary cotinine level was 0.33microgram/mL before smoking exposure, and 0.46microgram/mL after smoking exposure. There was statistically significant difference (P-value=0.003). There was no significant difference between exposure time and increase of urinary cotinine level(P=0.138, r=-0.233). There was also no significant difference between measuring time taking after exposure and increase of urinary cotinine level (P=0.671, r=0.067). CONCLUSION: One experience of indoor exposure to ETS caused significant elevation of urinary cotinine level.
Cotinine* ; Nicotine ; Seoul ; Smoke* ; Smoking ; Tobacco ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution

BACKGROUND: Cotinine, a nicotine metabolite detected in urine, has been recommended as the best quantitative marker of smoking and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between indoor ETS and urinary cotinine level of the passive smokers. METHODS: We selected 42 nonsmokers who lived in Seoul and were not exposed to passive smoking at least 5 days before test. Urinary cotinine levels were measured by Smokescreen Colorimeter (Surescreen Diagnostics LTD, U.K.). We measured urinary cotinine levels twice (before and after smoking exposure). RESULTS: The mean urinary cotinine level was 0.33microgram/mL before smoking exposure, and 0.46microgram/mL after smoking exposure. There was statistically significant difference (P-value=0.003). There was no significant difference between exposure time and increase of urinary cotinine level(P=0.138, r=-0.233). There was also no significant difference between measuring time taking after exposure and increase of urinary cotinine level (P=0.671, r=0.067). CONCLUSION: One experience of indoor exposure to ETS caused significant elevation of urinary cotinine level.
Cotinine* ; Nicotine ; Seoul ; Smoke* ; Smoking ; Tobacco ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Malignant melanoma are developed from malignant transformation of the melanocyte. Mucosal malignant melanoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses is rare and fatal. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical characteristics and the treatment outcome of patients with mucosal malignant melanoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From June 1989 to Dec. 1997, six patients with mucosal malignant melanoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses underwent surgical excision at Asan Medical Center. Their medical records were retrospectively reviewed with regard to age & sex, primary site, treatment modalities, recurrence, and survival. RESULTS: There were 3 men and 3 women. Their ages ranged from 38 to 55 years with a mean of 51 years. Two patients presented with primary tumors in septum, one in the lateral nasal wall, one in maxillary sinus, one in ethmoid sinus and one with unknown origin. The primary treatment modalities were wide surgical excision of primary site with or without postoperative radiotherapy. Up to the present, recurrence occurred in 4 of the 5 patients and the median time to recurrence was 4.8 months. Two patients died of local or regional disease and the median survival following the recurrence was 6.5 months. CONCLUSION: Mucosal malignant melanoma of the nose and paranasal sinuses have high recurrence rate and poor prognosis in spite of wide surgical excision and postoperative radiotherapy.
Chungcheongnam-do ; Ethmoid Sinus ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Maxillary Sinus ; Medical Records ; Melanocytes ; Melanoma* ; Nasal Cavity* ; Nose ; Paranasal Sinuses* ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND: As surgical techniques and postoperative care are improving, a pneumonectomy is a relatively popular surgical method in disease which is not treated completely with other types of pulmonary resection. However, a postpneumonectomy complication is a serious life-threatening problem if it occurrs. The purpose of this study is to evaluate determinants for postoperative mortality after pneumonectomy. METHODS: Patients were divided for study as follows: the Dead group versus the Alive group. To determine whether age, operation site, operation time, intraoperative fiuid intake, urine output, blood loss, complications, preoperative and intraoperative arterial blood gas analyses, and preoperative pulmonary function tests influence the determinants for postoperative mortality after pneumonectomy, a rettospecive analysis was performed on 71 patients who had undergone pneumonectomy from 1990to 1994 in Kosin Medical COLLEGE hOSPITAL. RESULTS: Operation time and blood loss were longer and greater respectively in the Dead group. The intraoperative PaO2 was lower and incidence of complications was more frequent in the Dead group.Otherwise there were no significant differences between two groups. CONCLUSION: We concluded that operation time, blood loss, incidence of complications and intra-operative PaO2 were closely related with postoperative mortality.
Blood Gas Analysis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mortality* ; Pneumonectomy* ; Postoperative Care ; Respiratory Function Tests