The author's affiliation should be corrected.

No abstract available.
Calcinosis ; Calcium ; Calcium Gluconate ; Gluconates ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn

PURPOSE: We wanted to further analyze the qualities that influence Korean medical students on their decision to choose each of the specialized areas of medicine. METHODS: We were able to obtain questionnaires from 394 students of Y University, School of Medicine. The students rated the various influential factors for specialty selection by using a five-point Likert scale. RESULTS: The factors found to influence the selection of popular specialties were gender, grades/scores, lifestyle attributes, and residency issues. Patient contact, lifestyle attributes, prospects, income prospects, and health care policies were significantly rated factors for choosing clinical-oriented specialties. For the selection of Medical specialties, gender, income, social responsibilities, income prospects, and malpractice insurance costs were the influential factors. Gender, 3rd year students, social responsibilities, prospects, income prospects, and society's views on medical profession affected the students' decisions to choose the major specialties. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of our study, we can conclude that gender and income prospects are some of the most significant factors affecting a student's selection of a specialty. These results suggest reform and improvement for a more stable health care policy and management strategies.
Delivery of Health Care ; Humans ; Insurance ; Internship and Residency ; Life Style ; Malpractice ; Social Responsibility ; Students, Medical* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to explore how nursing diagnoses are made by undergraduate students of psychiatric unit in Korea. METHODS: Data were collected from case reports and analyzed based on NANDA (North American Nursing Diagnosis Association) nursing diagnoses and Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine-Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT) as reference terminology. RESULTS: The 30 different nursing diagnoses from 135 distinct nursing diagnosis statements were assessed after removing repetition of case studies from a of total of 1,140 statements of nursing diagnoses. The most frequently used NANDA diagnosis was "ineffective coping" The thirty nursing diagnoses were grouped under 10 out of the 13 NANDA domains. In addition, 98 related factors were classified into SNOMED CT hierarchies of Clinical Finding, Procedure, and Observable Entity. The content validity index for the mapping of nursing diagnoses was 0.97, indicating a relatively strong agreement. CONCLUSION: These results can help students to improve their knowledge and better formulate appropriate diagnoses. Using standardized terminology would improve competency of education and help to ratify the steps of the nursing process, especially nursing planning. Educational strategies that enhance diagnostic accuracy are recommended.
Diagnosis ; Education ; Humans ; Korea ; Nursing ; Nursing Diagnosis* ; Nursing Process ; Psychiatric Nursing ; Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine*

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to develop cancer patients' symptom management guideline, and to develop and test the utility of the web-based guideline service system. METHODS: Based on the literature review, guidelines for symptom management for nausea/vomiting, fatigue, constipation, diarrhea, and oral mucositis were developed. A web-based cancer patients' symptom management system was developed on the basis of guideline developed in the first stage of the study. Forty-five oncology nurses were recruited and asked to evaluate and validate the system by rating level of satisfaction with function, content and effectiveness of the web-based service after they used the website for cancer patients care. RESULTS: Regarding the function of the system around 50% of oncology nurses expressed satisfaction with the system. Regarding the content of the system, nurses expressed highest satisfaction with reliability of information(66.7%) and lowest satisfaction with sufficiency of information (37.7%). Regarding the effectiveness of the system in terms of knowledge enhancement, about 40% of nurses indicated that they satisfied with the system. In terms of usefulness of the system, 48.9% of nurses expressed their satisfaction with the system. CONCLUSION: The result of this study has implications on future use of a web-based guideline for managing symptoms of cancer patients.
Constipation ; Diarrhea ; Fatigue ; Humans ; Stomatitis

Purpose: Obesity and a high-fat diet (HFD) are risk factors for colorectal cancer. We have previously shown that luteolin (LUT) supplementation in HFD-fed mice markedly inhibits tumor development in chemically induced colon carcinogenesis. In this study, we evaluated the anticancer effect of LUT in the inhibition of cell proliferation in HFD-fed obese mice and HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells grown in an adipocyte-derived medium. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were fed a normal diet (ND, 11.69% fat out of total calories consumed, n = 10), HFD (40% fat out of total calories consumed, n = 10), HFD with 0.0025% LUT (n = 10), and HFD with 0.005% LUT (n = 10) and were subjected to azoxymethanedextran sulfate sodium chemical colon carcinogenesis. All mice were fed the experimental diet for 11 weeks. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and HT-29 cells were treated with various doses of LUT in an adipocyte-conditioned medium (Ad-CM). Results: The weekly body weight changes in the LUT groups were similar to those in the HFD group; however, the survival rates of the LUT group were higher than those of the HFD group.Impaired crypt integrity of the colonic mucosa in the HFD group was observed to be restored in the LUT group. The colonic expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptors were suppressed by the LUT supplementation in the HFDfed mice. The LUT treatment (10, 20, and 40 μM) inhibited the proliferation and migration of HT-29 cells cultured in Ad-CM in a dose-dependent manner, as well as the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Conclusion These results suggest that the anticancer effect of LUT is probably due to the inhibition of IGF-1 signaling and adipogenesis-related cell proliferation in colon cancer cells.

OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this research are to survey the consumers' opinions about the health information privacy, to understand the consumers' privacy.protective behaviors out of the concern about the privacy breaches, to know the consumers' recognition about the constitution of the health information privacy law, to know the consumers' willingness to share their personal medical information. METHODS: The questionnaire was developed and conducted by the California HealthCare Foundation on "National Consumer Health Privacy Survey" was translated into Korean and reviewed by the authors to conform to the Korean situation. We collected data from 335 on.line survey responses. RESULTS: Consumers concerned about the privacy of their personal health information. Consumers are unfamiliar with health information privacy law. Consumers think that the paper medical records are more secure than electronic medical records. Not so many Korean consumers practice the privacy.protective behaviors even though they worry about the misuse of the health information. However, consumers will share their personal medical information with limited others such as family members and physicians involved in their care. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the consumers answered that the information could be shared when necessary, however, the ownership and the right to decide the disclosure should belong to patient, and patient should be allowed to access their own information with certain degree of regulation.
California ; Constitution and Bylaws ; Consumer Health Information ; Delivery of Health Care ; Disclosure ; Electronic Health Records ; Humans ; Jurisprudence ; Medical Records ; Ownership ; Privacy* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

The Consumer Health Informatics has been developing very fast recently as the new trends of consumerism emerged. This article reviewed the numerical expansion of the CHI researches since 1989 based on the search results of the PubMed database, and classified the main issues of CHI researches and categorized them into 10 issues. The trends of the CHI researches were analyzed by the categories and the timeline.
Informatics*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the ecological factors influencing school adjustment of adolescents from low-income families. METHODS: Secondary data analysis was performed using data of 1,321 low-income adolescents in 123 regions found on the Survey on Service Satisfaction with Community Child Care Center. RESULTS: The results of multi-level analysis identified the factors influencing school adjustment of low-income adolescents as follows: individual-level factors were gender, grade in school, and emotional problem; an interpersonal-level factor was family structure; organizational-level factors were length of time attending center and satisfaction with the service of the center; community-level factors were region and perception of community. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that low-income adolescents' adjustment to school is influenced not only by individual factors but also by diverse environmental factors. Community factors suggest that more education support systems and leisure facilities for adolescents need to be built in small and medium cities. Strategies to enhance positive perception of community are also needed for this population. Further, it is necessary to develop multi-level interventions to improve the school adjustment of adolescents from vulnerable social groups.
Adolescent* ; Child ; Child Care* ; Child* ; Community-Based Participatory Research ; Education ; Humans ; Leisure Activities ; Multilevel Analysis ; Poverty ; Social Adjustment ; Statistics as Topic

OBJECTIVE: To determine the differences between the patient's and physicians' views of the effects of internet health information on the physician-patient relationship. METHODS: An online survey was carried out with 25 items developed by revising the questionnaire of Direct-to-Consumer Advertising to accommodate the internet health information. The respondents were 671 patients who were active participants in online patient communities and 493 physicians who were the professors of medical schools and practicing physicians. RESULTS: Most of the patients were positive toward the Internet Health Information saying that it gives them advice from a doctor with self-confidence, allows them to follow their doctor's directions well, obtain more medical treatment after retrieving the information, etc. In contrast, physicians perceived that the internet health information may have variety of negative effects, such as increasing the healthcare cost, unnecessary clinic visits and undermining of the doctor-patient relationship. There were significant differences in the perspectives between the physicians and patients. CONCLUSION: It will be necessary to ensure experts provide internet health information, which will have beneficial effects on the quality of care, physician-patient relationship, and health service utilization.
Ambulatory Care ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Dietary Sucrose ; Health Care Costs ; Health Services ; Humans ; Internet ; Schools, Medical