The authors determined the value of performing urine microscopy on biochemically negative urine sepcimens in a pediatric population. The 746 urine specimens of patients who were either visited or admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, National Police Hospital, from March 1991 to July 1992 were reviewed on the basis of comparative evaluation of biochemical and microscopic urine analysis. Eight reactions of Clinitek(r) 200 were used as biochemical indicators, namely, pH, nitrite, albumin, glucose, ketone, urobilinogen, bilirubin, and blood. Out of 746 urine specimens studied, 186 were true positive. Thirty-six specimens reacted biochemically in the absence of positive microscopic findings (false postive), 492 specimens were true negatives. Thirty-two specimens had negative biochemical indicators, in spite of positive microscopy. The sensitivity of the biochemical parameters for predicting significant microscopy of urinary sediment is 85% and the specificity is 99%. The positive predictive value is 69.7% and the negative predictive value is 99.3%. The sensitivity of blood for RBC is 94%. and the specificity is 99%. The predictive value of a positive result is 84.6% and that of a negative result is 99.7%. We therefore conclude that urine microscopy is less necessary in biochemically negative urine specimens from asymptomatic pediatric patients, with hopefully resultant time and cost effectiveness.
Bilirubin ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Microscopy ; Pediatrics ; Police ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Urinalysis* ; Urobilinogen

The efficacy of acetaminophen, sponging plus acetaminophen, and sponging alone as method of lowering body temperature was compared in 108 children aged 8 weeks to 5 years who presented with an axillary temperature of 38.5degrees C or greater during the period from January 1993 to April 1993. The following results were obtained. 1) The male to female ratio was 2.5:1 and clinical diagnosis in the order of frequency were upper respiratory infection, gastroenteritis, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, cellulitis, chickenpox and hand-foot-mouth disease. 2) At thirty minutes after treatment, there was no significant difference on the decrement of temperature among the three groups. 3) At sixty minutes, the temperature decrement was the greatest in the group of sponging plus acetaminophen and that was statistically significant (P<0.01). But there was no significant difference between the group of acetaminophen and that of sponging.
Acetaminophen ; Body Temperature ; Cellulitis ; Chickenpox ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fever* ; Gastroenteritis ; Humans ; Male ; Pneumonia ; Urinary Tract Infections

No abstract available.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis* ; Drug Therapy* ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma* ; Remission Induction*

Factor VII (FVII) deficiency is a rare hereditary disorder with a reduced FVII:C activity, which is transmitted by an autosomal recessive gene with variable expressions and a high penetrance. FVII deficiency has different antigen levels, normal or reduced, and has various symptoms. We report on a 26 year-old male patient with pleurisy who showed hematuria and prolonged prothrombin time. FVII:C was 4% and FVII:Ag level was 80% (within normal range). The inheritance of this case is unclear. The FVII:C, FVII:Ag, and prothrombin time of his father and mother's sister were within normal ranges. This is the first proven case of FVII deficiency with normal FVII:Ag level in Korea.
Adult ; Factor VII Deficiency* ; Factor VII* ; Fathers ; Genes, Recessive ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Penetrance ; Pleurisy ; Prothrombin Time ; Reference Values ; Siblings ; Wills

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of self-care on burnout experienced by primary family caregivers of persons with dementia. Methods: The subjects of the study were 156 primary family caregivers of persons with dementia at home in Korea. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 24.0 for Windows. Results: The mean scores for self-care and burnout were 42.35 and 61.60, respectively. Self-care, subjective health status, living with a person with dementia, and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia were significant factors affecting burnout in family caregivers. Self-care was identified as the strongest factor affecting burnout, explaining 13.9% of burnout with controlling factors in caregivers and care receivers. Conclusion To prevent burnout in primary family caregivers of persons with dementia, self-care of family caregivers should be emphasized. In nursing education, family caregivers should be recognized and approached as nursing clients who are responsible for taking care of their health. In nursing practice and research, digital self-care or self-care improvement intervention programs should be designed to help family caregivers, and further studies on self-care centered on health of family caregivers should be conducted.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of self-care on burnout experienced by primary family caregivers of persons with dementia. Methods: The subjects of the study were 156 primary family caregivers of persons with dementia at home in Korea. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 24.0 for Windows. Results: The mean scores for self-care and burnout were 42.35 and 61.60, respectively. Self-care, subjective health status, living with a person with dementia, and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia were significant factors affecting burnout in family caregivers. Self-care was identified as the strongest factor affecting burnout, explaining 13.9% of burnout with controlling factors in caregivers and care receivers. Conclusion To prevent burnout in primary family caregivers of persons with dementia, self-care of family caregivers should be emphasized. In nursing education, family caregivers should be recognized and approached as nursing clients who are responsible for taking care of their health. In nursing practice and research, digital self-care or self-care improvement intervention programs should be designed to help family caregivers, and further studies on self-care centered on health of family caregivers should be conducted.

PURPOSE: This study was to identify the predictive factors for depression in breast cancer survivors. METHODS: The participants were 180 female survivors who visited outpatient clinics after mastectomy or partial resection for breast cancer and had completed adjuvant treatment such as chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy at a university hospital and a general hospital. Data were collected utilizing the Zung depression scale, the Mishel uncertainty scale, the Fitts & Osgoods body image scale, and the Zimet social support scale. RESULTS: The level of depression in the participants was moderate. There were significant correlations among depression, body image, uncertainty, and social support. There were significant differences in depression by education, economic state, perceived health status, fatigue, and pain. In regression analysis, the most powerful predictor of depression was body image (40%). Overall, body image, fatigue, social support, and uncertainty explained 62% of the variance of depression in the participants. CONCLUSION: Body image, fatigue, social support, and uncertainty were important predictors of depression. These results demonstrate the need for interventions to manage depression in breast cancer survivors.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Body Image ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Depression* ; Drug Therapy ; Education ; Fatigue ; Female ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Mastectomy ; Survivors* ; Uncertainty

Priapism is a relatively rare condition of prolonged painful penile erection, unrelated to sexual activity. It is caused by idiopathic, leukemia, sickle cell disease, oral medication, intracavernosal injection therapy, spinal cord injury and malignant cell infiltration. Malignant lymphoma involving the genitourinary system is uncommon and when it occurs the testes is the most common site. However malignant lymphoma involving the penis is even more rare, with only 20 cases reported in literature. To our knowledge, priapism caused by penile lymphoma has not been reported previously in literature. We report a case with a brief review of literature.
Anemia, Sickle Cell ; Leukemia ; Lymphoma* ; Male ; Penile Erection ; Penis ; Priapism* ; Sexual Behavior ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Testis ; Urogenital System

OBJECTIVE: The current study investigated the personality characteristics of mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). METHODS: Fifty mothers (average age of 38.1+/-4.2 years) of children with ADHD not having comorbidity (37 boys, 13 girls; average age of 8.5+/-1.9 years) and 59 mothers (average age of 38.1+/-2.7 years) of comparison children (37 boys, 13 girls; average age of 8.1+/-1.5 years) completed the Korean version of the MMPI. Only mothers whose psychiatric health was verified by the Structured Clinical Interview for axis-I DSM-IV disorders (SCID-IV) were included in current study. RESULTS: After controlling for maternal age, maternal education level, children's gender, age, and total and verbal intelligence quotient (IQ), the MMPI scores of the mothers of children with ADHD were significantly higher on the depression (D), hysteria (Hy) and psychasthenia (Pt) scales than those of the mothers of children in the comparison group. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that even psychologically healthy mothers of children with ADHD alone might be depressed, histrionic and anxious.
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity* ; Child* ; Comorbidity ; Depression ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Education ; Female ; Humans ; Hysteria ; Intelligence ; Maternal Age ; MMPI* ; Mothers* ; Weights and Measures

The sea hare is a marine mollusk in the family Aplysiidae that has long been consumed as food. Rarely, toxic hepatitis can occur after eating sea hare. We herein discuss four cases of toxic hepatitis due to sea hare ingestion and review the relevant literature.
Aplysia ; Drug-Induced Liver Injury* ; Eating* ; Hares* ; Humans ; Mollusca