The purpose of this study was to take the right direction and meet the requirements of newspaper function about child health through evaluation of child health information articles in newspapers. Data were collected 4 main daily newspaper by selecting child health information articles during 1 year from January 1 to December 31, 1998. The results of this study are as follows. The frequency according to health category, disease treatment(47.7%) topped followed by health maintenance?promotion(28.8%), growth?development(12.1%), disease prevention(11.4%). The frequency according to WHO international disease classification, infectious disease (23.6%) take most. In evaluation area of child health information, practical usage(3.78) topped followed by accuracy(3.68), comprehensiveness(3.64), clearness (3.48), concreteness(3.33).
Child ; Child* ; Classification ; Communicable Diseases ; Humans ; Newspapers* ; Child Health* ; Periodicals

The purpose of this study was to take the right direction and meet the requirements of newspaper function about child health through evaluation of child health information articles in newspapers. Data were collected 4 main daily newspaper by selecting child health information articles during 1 year from January 1 to December 31, 1998. The results of this study are as follows. The frequency according to health category, disease treatment(47.7%) topped followed by health maintenance?promotion(28.8%), growth?development(12.1%), disease prevention(11.4%). The frequency according to WHO international disease classification, infectious disease (23.6%) take most. In evaluation area of child health information, practical usage(3.78) topped followed by accuracy(3.68), comprehensiveness(3.64), clearness (3.48), concreteness(3.33).
Child ; Child* ; Classification ; Communicable Diseases ; Humans ; Newspapers* ; Child Health* ; Periodicals

Objective: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is suggested as a prognostic biomarker for communityacquired pneumonia (CAP). However, its predictive value for an individual adult and elderly CAP patients has not been fully investigated. Methods: Patients with CAP aged 18 years and older, who visited the emergency department (ED) from March 1, 2016 to March 31, 2019, were included in this study. Patients were divided into the adult group and the elderly group (age ≥70 years). Data was collected from the ED-based registry, and medical charts were retrospectively reviewed. The registry data included sociodemographic and past medical characteristics, as well as laboratory findings including NT-proBNP and C-reactive protein (CRP), Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI), and CURB65 (confusion, urea, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and aged 65 or more). The independent potential of NT-proBNP to predict mortality was assessed in both groups using multivariable logistic regression, and its predictive ability was evaluated in terms of performance (using areas under the curve [AUCs]) and goodness-of-fit (using the Bayesian information criterion [BIC]). Results: Totally, 325 CAP patients were evaluated, of which 208 (64%) belonged to the elderly group. NT-proBNP was identified as an independent predictor of CAP mortality in elderly patients, but not in adult patients. Moreover, AUC of the NT-proBNP for mortality was comparable to AUC of the PSI, but was higher than that of the CURB65, in elderly CAP patients. Similarly, the NT-proBNP had a better overall fit (lower BIC value) compared to the CURB65, for mortality. Additionally, both AUC and overall fit of the NT-proBNP for mortality were significantly superior to values obtained for CRP. Conclusion For elderly CAP patients in the ED, the NT-proBNP is an independent and useful predictor of mortality.

Endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST) is now an established therapeutic procedure for various disorder of the pailla of Vater, the biliary tract, and the pancreas. From November 1992 to September l993, 123 cases of E.S.T were performed in our hospital. The success rate of EST was 97.8%, and choledocholithiasis was the indication for EST in 63. 4% of cases. Among 78 cases of choledocholithiasis, 47 cases were presence of gall bladder with stone (16 cases) or without stone (31 cases), especially 46 cases were assisted with needle type papillotome and 23 cases were assisted with guidewire. EST hae relatively low complications and is the therapy of choice for choledocholithiasis and various diisease of biliary tract. Guidewire assisted stanard papillotome probable reduce the use of needle type papillotome in the difficult cases that EST with pull type papillotome was impossible.
Biliary Tract ; Choledocholithiasis ; Needles ; Pancreas ; Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic* ; Urinary Bladder

OBJECTIVES: Thyroid cancer patients may experience emotional distress during cancer treatment including surgical operation and radioactive iodine treatment. The aims of this prospective study were to investigate changes of anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer(DTC) under preoperative, postoperative and short-term hypothyroidism state. METHODS: Using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale(HAD) and the Distress Thermometer, we sequentially assessed the levels of anxiety, depression and distress in 41 DTC patients at 3 time points such as preoperative state, postoperative state and short-term hypothyroidism state. RESULTS: The HAD-anxiety score was significantly higher in preoperative state(6.93+/-3.97) than postoperative state(4.22+/-2.92) and short-term hypothyroidism state(4.93+/-3.64). Any other significant change in depression or distress thermometer score was not observed. Especially, difference of HADS score between the distress and none-distress groups was significant in preoperative state and post-operative state, but the difference become not significant in the short-term hypothyroidism state. CONCLUSIONS: Induced thyroid hormone deficiency during cancer treatment does not significantly affect emotional distress in patient with DTC. Anxiety and depression in these patients may be associated with distress of the patient before active cancer treatment.
Anxiety ; Dapsone ; Depression ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; Iodine ; Prospective Studies ; Thermometers ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms

BACKGROUND: Pneumoperitoneum for laparoscopic cholecystectomy induces prompt hemodynamic changes. The rapid onset of these changes suggests a neurohumoral response. The present study investigated the effects of pneumoperitoneum on plasma catecholamines and vasopressin during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: We studied 18 healthy patients under general anesthesia using a isoflurane and nitrous oxide (50%). In our study, nine patients were selected for Group LC; they underwent the laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The remaining nine patients constituting Group OS served as the control, and underwent minor orthopedic surgery. Venous blood samples were collected 10 minutes after the induction of anesthesia, as well as 10 minutes after the insufflation of pneumoperitoneum or skin incision, and 10 minutes after desufflation of pneumoperitoneum or skin closure. Plasma vasopressin was measured using a radioimmunoassay method. Plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine were measured using the method of high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: In Group LC, the plasma concentration of vasopressin increased remarkably from 2.1 pg/ml to 70.7 pg/ml after insufflation of pneumoperitoneum, and declined to 18.3 pg/ml after desufflation (P < 0.05). Plasma concentrations of epinephrine and norepinephrine also increased significantly after insufflation of pneumoperitoneum (P < 0.05). In Group OS, however, plasma concentrations of vasopressin, epinephrine, and norepinephrine remained stable throughout the operation. CONCLUSIONS: The pneumoperitoneum resulted in a substantial increase of plasma concentrations of vasopressin as well as a signifiant increase in the plasma concentration of epinephrine and norepinephrine during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Catecholamines* ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Epinephrine ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Insufflation ; Isoflurane ; Nitrous Oxide ; Norepinephrine ; Orthopedics ; Plasma* ; Pneumoperitoneum* ; Radioimmunoassay ; Skin ; Vasopressins*

BACKGROUND: Pneumoperitoneum for laparoscopic cholecystectomy induces prompt hemodynamic changes. The rapid onset of these changes suggests a neurohumoral response. The present study investigated the effects of pneumoperitoneum on plasma catecholamines and vasopressin during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: We studied 18 healthy patients under general anesthesia using a isoflurane and nitrous oxide (50%). In our study, nine patients were selected for Group LC; they underwent the laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The remaining nine patients constituting Group OS served as the control, and underwent minor orthopedic surgery. Venous blood samples were collected 10 minutes after the induction of anesthesia, as well as 10 minutes after the insufflation of pneumoperitoneum or skin incision, and 10 minutes after desufflation of pneumoperitoneum or skin closure. Plasma vasopressin was measured using a radioimmunoassay method. Plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine were measured using the method of high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: In Group LC, the plasma concentration of vasopressin increased remarkably from 2.1 pg/ml to 70.7 pg/ml after insufflation of pneumoperitoneum, and declined to 18.3 pg/ml after desufflation (P < 0.05). Plasma concentrations of epinephrine and norepinephrine also increased significantly after insufflation of pneumoperitoneum (P < 0.05). In Group OS, however, plasma concentrations of vasopressin, epinephrine, and norepinephrine remained stable throughout the operation. CONCLUSIONS: The pneumoperitoneum resulted in a substantial increase of plasma concentrations of vasopressin as well as a signifiant increase in the plasma concentration of epinephrine and norepinephrine during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Catecholamines* ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Epinephrine ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Insufflation ; Isoflurane ; Nitrous Oxide ; Norepinephrine ; Orthopedics ; Plasma* ; Pneumoperitoneum* ; Radioimmunoassay ; Skin ; Vasopressins*

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to determine the relations of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and parameters of nerve conduction study (NCS) in diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy patients. METHOD: Prospectively, total 40 patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus were included in the study. NCS was performed on median, ulnar, posterior tibial, deep peroneal, superficial peroneal, and sural nerves. Distal latency and conduction velocity (CV) of compound muscle action potential (CMAP), distal latency and amplitude of sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) were used as parameters of NCS. Multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the relations of HbA1c and parameters of NCS, after adjustment for age, height, weight, and disease duration of diabetes mellitus. RESULTS: HbA1c level had an inverse relation to CV of median motor nerve (beta= 1.272, p<0.01), ulnar motor nerve (beta= 1.287, p<0.01), posterior tibial nerve (beta= 0.982, p<0.05), and deep peroneal nerve (beta= 1.449, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: This study indicates that HbA1c level was inversely related to motor nerve CV, and that sustained hyperglycemia may be involved in demyelination of motor nerves. Analysis of motor nerve CV related to HbA1c is expected to be useful in the follow-up or efficacy study of diabetes mellitus neuropathy as baseline data.
Action Potentials ; Demyelinating Diseases ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated* ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Linear Models ; Neural Conduction* ; Peroneal Nerve ; Polyneuropathies* ; Prospective Studies ; Sural Nerve ; Tibial Nerve

We performed this study to analyse the morbidity and mortality of stoma formation in infants and children over a 17-year period. Thirty-seven stoma formations were performed in 37 patients: 21 for anorectal malformation, 9 for Hirschsprung's disease, 3 for necrotizing enterocolitis, 2 for multiple ileal atresia, 1 for volvulus neonatorum with perforation, and 1 for diaphragmatic hernia with colon perforation. There were 26 boys and 11 girls with a mean age of 0.4 years. Complications after stoma formation were encountered in 12 patients(32.4%) and included stomal prolapse, stenosis, retraction, dysfunction, skin excoriation and parastomal hernia. Four patients(10.8%) required stomal revision. The incidence of complications was neither related to the age nor to the primary indication for the stoma formation, but sigmoid colostomy was associated with a lower complication rate compared to transverse colostomy(22.1% versus 42.1%, P<0.05). Five patients died, but only one(2.7%) was dead, which was directly related to stoma formation. Eighteen of these children subsequently underwent stoma closure which was associated with complications in six patients(33.3%). The most common complication after stoma closure was wound sepsis in 4 children. In conclusion, because the significant morbidity of stoma formation still exists the refinements in surgical technique may help in reducing the incidence of complications and a sigmoid loop colostomy should be used whenever possible.
Child* ; Colon ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Colostomy ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; Female ; Hernia ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic ; Hirschsprung Disease ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant* ; Intestinal Volvulus ; Mortality ; Prolapse ; Sepsis ; Skin ; Wounds and Injuries

PURPOSE: To compare postoperative clinical outcomes, optical quality, and patient satisfaction between two types of diffractive multifocal intraocular lens (IOL, Acri Lisa 366D and Acrysof ReSTOR +3.00 D). METHODS: In a total of 68 eyes, one of two diffractive multifocal IOL (Acri Lisa 366D and Acrysof ReSTOR +3.00 D) was implanted after cataract extraction. Visual acuity was measured postoperatively at one week, 1 month, and 6 months. Contrast sensitivity, wavefront aberration, and visual function were determined via questionnaire at postoperative 1 month. RESULTS: Intermediate visual acuity of Acri Lisa 366D and Acrysof ReSTOR at 6 months were 0.31 +/- 0.14, and 0.24 +/- 0.11 (log MAR), respectively. At 6 months, near and distant visual acuity results showed no significant differences between the two groups. The photopic contrast sensitivity of Acri Lisa 366D at 6 cycles/degree was 55.36 +/- 7.40 and showed significant differences with Acrysof ReSTOR (47.25 +/- 9.67). The mesopic contrast sensitivity values of Acri Lisa 366D and Acrysof ReSTOR were 40.26 +/- 11.38 and 28.97 +/- 10.45, respectively, and the spherical aberration values were 0.037 +/- 0.039 microm and 0.105 +/- 0.066 microm. The spherical aberration of Acri Lisa 366D was significantly lower than that of Acrysof ReSTOR. Total and high order aberration, coma, and trefoil show no significant differences between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: The Acri Lisa 366D multifocal IOL showed better contrast sensitivity and spherical aberration compared to Acrysof ReSTOR multifocal IOL, which had an effective intermediate visual acuity.
Cataract Extraction ; Coma ; Contrast Sensitivity ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Lotus ; Patient Satisfaction ; Visual Acuity