No abstract available.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid* ; Hand Deformities* ; Hand*

PURPOSE: Misdiagnosed breast cancer on screening mammography was retrospectively reviewed in an attempt to analyze the cause for the undiscovery and to determine findings that might have been suggested on the mammographic examination. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of the 173 breast cancers that were pathologically proven, 17 breast cancers misdiagnosed on mammogram was retrospectively analyzed for the causes of the misinterpretation and predominant secondary findings. RESULTS: Three of the 17 were negative on mammography except for dense breast. Two patients had localized asymmetricity without visible mass. Ten patients had benign-looking mass which was well-defined (n=5), partially defined(n=2), multiple (n=l), or included benign-looking calcifications(n=2). Remaining two cases were retrospectively diagnosed as misinterpreted breast cancers. Various secondary findings such as were useful in the diagnosis of breast cancer. CONCLUSION: Meticulous observation could improve the diagnostic yield of breast cancer in mammography.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Mammography* ; Mass Screening ; Retrospective Studies*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether the rate of early mouse embryonal development could be enhanced by cumulus cell coculture in vitro. METHODS: Ham's F-10 culture media supplemented with 0.4% bovine serum albumin were used. Two-cell F1 mouse embryos were cultured in media with or without cumulus cells of female ICR mouse embryo for 96 hours, and the rates of embryonal development were observed and compared. RESULTS: The percentage of hatched blastocyst in the coculture group was significantly higher than that in the control group by 87.3% vs 64.8% respectively (p< 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study provides confirmative information that cumulus cell coculture will be useful in enhancing early mouse embryonal development.
Animals ; Blastocyst ; Coculture Techniques* ; Culture Media ; Cumulus Cells* ; Embryonic Structures ; Female ; Humans ; Mice* ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Serum Albumin, Bovine

PURPOSE: To analyse Doppler findings in patients with chronic venous insufficiency, and evaluate the usefulness of color Doppler ultrasonography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-seven limbs in 29 patients were evaluated with color Doppler ultrasound for suspected chronic venous insufficiency. To determine luminal patency and valvular competence, the venous system was examined; more than 1 sec of reflux flow during Valsalva maneuver and after release of distal compression in the popliteal vein indicated incompetence. RESULTS: Venous insufficiency was seen in 30 cases (81%), and was Superficial in 14 (38%), deep in eight (21.5%), and combined in eight (21.5%). In seven limbs (19%), veins were normal. Six cases of insufficiency, four of which were deep, were combined with deep venous thrombosis. CONCLUSION: In cases of chronic venous insufficiency, color Doppler ultrasound is useful for defining the exact site of venous incompetence and evaluating venous luminal patency.
Extremities ; Humans ; Mental Competency ; Phenobarbital ; Popliteal Vein ; Ultrasonography* ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color ; Valsalva Maneuver ; Veins ; Venous Insufficiency* ; Venous Thrombosis

BACKGROUND: As people have been interested in healt,h and as the microcomputers with multimedia steeing have been supplied more and more, there is increasing need of multimedia information about health. The CD-ROM, which is a representative multimedia tool, is capable of interacting between information-provider and users, offering audiovisual interface, and saving great deal of knowledge. METHODS: We developed the health-information system to provide ordinary people with hea1th information using multimedia tools. It, has 7 parts ; self-diagnosis, exploring human body, drug information, hospital information, first-aid treatment, Q and A, and medical common sense. We got image data such as figures, photos, X-rays, electrocardiograms and pathologic specimens with scanner and film scanner, also moving image(video) with video-capturing program. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: We hope the multimedia health-information system to become a useful methodology of patient education and to be used as an information source in medical information network in the near future.
CD-ROM ; Electrocardiography ; Hope ; Human Body ; Information Services ; Microcomputers ; Multimedia* ; Patient Education as Topic

No abstract available.

For the chronic renal failure(CRF) patients arteriovenous fistula(AVF) is performed on the upper extremity. The primary site is usually the wrist including snuffbox where diameter of the vessels is small, usually one to three millimeters. The trainee of general surgery has been lack of experience of small vessel surgery. Here on the basis of experimental microsurgery, novel animal practice model of AVF was developed for the clinical application. Among several types of vascular anastomosis of AVF, side-to-side anastomosis with distal vein ligation were favored in this study. In brief, rats were anesthetized with intraperitoneal urethane injection and midline abdominal incision was made. Aorta and IVC below the left renal vein was exposed and seperated and mobilized carefully. Side-to-side and end-to-end anastomosis can be performed microsurgically. Loupe(x3.5-5) and experimental microscope may help to carry out vascular anastomosis confidently. The key-point of the procedure is that both corners of stomas were sutured for staying and from the one-end continuous sutures were done with total open-loop method.
Animals ; Aorta ; Arteriovenous Fistula* ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Ligation ; Microsurgery ; Rats* ; Renal Veins ; Sutures ; Upper Extremity ; Urethane ; Veins ; Wrist

PURPOSE: While normal ultrasound measurement of the gallbladder (GB) is well established in adults, little attention has been focused on the normal measurement of the pediatric gallbladder. Normal parameters of the pediatric gallbladder may be significant to establish disease criteria, because some gallbladder diseases are only accompanied by changes in gallbladder size. We therefore wish to document the normal ultrasonic parameters of the pediatric gallbladder. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Five hundred and ten children with normal clinical findings andlaboratory data were included in this study. Ultrasonography was performed as a part of a health screening examination from the Dec. 1994 to Feb. 1995. Sonographic parameters included gallbladder size, volume, and clinical parameters such as age, height, weight, and body surface area were noted stastical significance between the sonographic and clinical parameters was analyzed through correlation and regression analysis. RESULTS: The patient age was ranged from 0 to 16 years, and the male : female ratio was 1.5 : 1. The longitudinal length of GB showed significant positive correlation with patient age(0.504), height(r=0.527), body weight(r=0.492), and bodsurface(r=0.522)(p <0.0001). The result of correlation analysis and regression analysis to the volume of gallbladder was also significant(r : 0.403-0.515, p <0.0001). The correlation analysis to the transverse length of gallbladder shows relatively low correlation coefficiency(r=0.290-0.398), however, the result of regresion analysis shows significance(p <0.0001). The range of mean value of gallbladder size according to age was 3.32(+/-0.73)-6.81(+/-1.05)cm in longitudinal length, 1.10(+/-0.37)-2.01(+/- 0.57)cm in transverse length, and2.46(+/-1.66)-15.35(+/-8.18)cm3 in volume. CONCLUSION: The mean values of pediatric gallbladder may be an useful index for the clinical application to vanior gallbladder disease.
Adult ; Body Surface Area ; Child* ; Female ; Gallbladder Diseases ; Gallbladder* ; Humans ; Male ; Ultrasonics ; Ultrasonography*

This study was undertaken to document the effect of transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-beta2(TGF-beta2) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on the proliferation of pig retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE). Whereas bFGF increased the proliferation, TGF-beta2 showed the inhibitory effect on the proliferation The inhibitory effect of TGF-beta2 disappeared in RPE subcultured with 10ng/ml of bFGF. Both TGF-beta2- and bFGF-specific antisense oligonucleotides blocked the autocrine effect of the growth factors. PLC-71 -specific antisense oligonucleotide inhibited the effect of TGF-beta2 and bFGF. Genistein inhibited the effect of TGF-beta2 and bFGF in dose-dependent man, ner. The data suggest the involvement. of in PLC-/1 and tyrosine kinase in signalling.
Epithelial Cells* ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; Genistein ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Retinaldehyde* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta2*

No abstract available.