No abstract available.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to compare the parent-child relationship of adolescents with depression and those without depression, by using Parent-Child Relationship Instrument (PCRI), Family Relationship Scale (FRS), and Parenting Attitude Test-Youth (PAT-Y). We also investigated the association between the parent-child relationship and depressive symptoms. METHODS: Twenty-five adolescents with depression (age 15.0+/-2.1 years, 8 boys) and 24 adolescents without depression (age 13.7+/-1.3 years, 16 boys) completed the Adolescent-General Behavior Inventory (A-GBI), Adolescent-Mood Disorder Questionnaire (A-MDQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), PCRI, and PAT-Y. The parents of subjects completed the Child Behavior Checklist, Parent-General Behavior Inventory 10-item Mania Scale (P-GBI-10M), Parent-Mood Disorder Questionnaire, and FRS. Independent t-tests, analysis of covariance, and partial correlation analysis were used. RESULTS: The Intimacy (p=.002) and Respect (p=.029) scores of the PCRI were significantly higher in adolescents without depression compared to those with depression. The Intimacy scores of the PCRI showed negative correlation with the BDI and P-GBI-10M and the Strictness scores of the PCRI showed positive correlation with the A-GBI, A-MDQ, and BDI. The Inconsistency, Punishment, and Excessive Expectation scores of the PAT-Y showed positive correlation with the A-GBI and BDI scores. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest a possible association of the parent-children relationship and parenting attitude with adolescents' depressive symptoms.
Adolescent* ; Bipolar Disorder ; Checklist ; Child ; Child Behavior ; Depression* ; Family Relations ; Humans ; Parent-Child Relations* ; Parenting ; Parents ; Punishment ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to develop a program to help emergency nurses overcome compassion fatigue, and to analyze the effects of the program. METHODS: A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. There were 14 participants in the experimental group and 18 subjects in the control group. The program was comprised of five, weekly 80-minute sessions including understanding and assessment of compassion fatigue, enhancing positive affect, balancing work-life, planning self care, training in relaxation techniques and cognitive restructuring, and getting social support. Research variables were ego-resiliency, compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue of the ProQOL 5, and salivary cortisol. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test, independent t-test, and paired t-test. RESULTS: The first hypothesis, "There will be a difference in scores for ego resiliency between the experimental group and the control group". was not supported. The second hypothesis, "There will be a difference in scores for compassion satisfaction between the experimental group and the control group" was supported (t=2.15, p=.046). The third hypothesis, "There will be a difference in scores for compassion fatigue between the experimental group and the control group" was not supported. CONCLUSION: The first program for emergency nurses to overcome compassion fatigue in Korea was effective in increasing emergency nurses' compassion satisfaction and decreasing salivary cortisol level in the experimental group. Therefore, this program for overcoming compassion fatigue is useful to increase emergency nurses' compassion satisfaction. However replication studies of short-term intensive program reflecting emergency nurses' opinion are needed.
Ego ; Emergencies* ; Empathy* ; Fatigue* ; Hydrocortisone ; Korea ; Relaxation Therapy ; Resilience, Psychological ; Self Care

PURPOSE: This study was done to explore the meaning and nature of life world for adolescents with epilepsy. The hermeneutic phenomenological method which was developed by van Manen was used. METHODS: Participants were four boys and five girls, ages 13 to 18 being seen in a neurology outpatient department. Data were collected from iterative work with in-depth interviews from during the period from February to September, 2010. Contents of the interviews were tape-recorded with participant consent. RESULTS: Essential themes that fit into the context of the 4 existential grounds of body, time, space and other people were: an illness that makes a hurt in one's heart rather than one's body, a change in the body that is not controllable, a future like thick fog, everyday life trapped in illness, a change of relationships, learning how to live with an illness. CONCLUSION: Findings reveal the life world of the adolescents is affected to varying degrees by the epilepsy. It is important for nurses to identify and address developmental issues and effects of the illness and to support reorientation in a disintegrated life situation. The result of this study will provide nurses with insights into these experiences and should help promote empathetic care.
Adolescent ; Chronic Disease ; Epilepsy ; Heart ; Humans ; Learning ; Life Change Events ; Neurology ; Outpatients ; Qualitative Research ; Weather

Objectives: This study was aimed to assess the usefulness of the quantitative assessment of clock drawing test (CDT) combined with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) compared to that of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) or the MMSE alone for screening of dementia in Parkinson disease (PD) in patients with a low educational level. Methods: A representative sample of 91 PD patients was administered MMSE, MoCA and CDT. The discriminative validity of the MMSE, MoCA, and a MMSE+CDT combination for dementia screening was determined by estimating the sensitivity and specificity of each test and by testing integrated discrimination improvement (IDI). Results: The mean age and educational years were 69.0 (years) and 7.3 in the study population. The best screening cut-off points for the MMSE, MoCA, and MMSE+CDT were 25/26, 21/22 and 41/42. In a group of patients with educational years ≤6,
Dementia

Gelastic Seizure(Ictal laughter) is frequently associated with hypothalamic hamartoma that is congenital tumor composed of heterotrophic and hyperplastic tissue located in the hypothalamus near the interpeduncular cistern, tuber cinereum, and mamillary body. The seizure usually begins in infancy or childhood and may be accompanied with precocious puberty and cognitive decline. A 14 year-old boy visited to our hospital because of paroxysmal frequent involuntary laughing regardless of emotional change. Brain MRI showed nonenhancing hypothalamic mass that had isointensity with gray matter on T1W1 and hyperintensity on T2Wl. So it was suspected that he had a gelastic seizure accompanied with hypothalamic hamartoma.
Adolescent ; Brain ; Hamartoma* ; Humans ; Hypothalamus ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mamillary Bodies ; Puberty, Precocious ; Seizures* ; Tuber Cinereum

To evaluate the platelet activation in vivo in the patients with coronary artery disease Indium-111 labeled autologus platelet survival time was measured. Platelet survival determinations were made according to a modified method for radioisotope platelet survival studies recommended by the Panel on Diagnostic Application of Radioisotopes in Hematology of the International Committee for Standardization in Hematology. Autologous platelets were labeled with 111 In-oxine utilizing a similar method used at the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology. The results are summarized as follows : 1) In the patients with coronary artery disease, especially acutemyocardial infarction, the mean platelet survival time was significantly shorter than that of the normal controls(P<0.05). 2) The mean platelet survival time did not differ significantly between patients with acute myocardial infarction and angina pectoris. 3) The mean platelet survival time did not differ significantly between nonsmoker and smoker in the patients with coronary artery disease.
Angina Pectoris ; Blood Platelets* ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Hematology ; Humans ; Infarction ; Myocardial Infarction ; Platelet Activation ; Radioisotopes

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency and distribution of cytogenetically abnormal miscarriages in couples with spontaneous abortions (SA) or recurrent miscarriages (RM). METHODS: Karyotyping of specimens from 164 abortuses with SA and 86 abortuses with RM was successfully performed according to the standard cytogenetic methods using G-banding technique. RESULTS: Among the total 164 cases of SA group, 81 (49.4%) were euploid and the rest (83, 50.6%) showed chromosomal abnormalities. In RM(> or =2) and RM(> or =3) group, 31 (36.0%)/27 (34.6%) cases were euploid and 55 (64.0%)/51(65.4%) cases were abnormal, respectively. A statistically significant difference was found in the rate of cytogenetic abnormality between SA and RM groups (P<0.05). In all groups, women with advanced maternal age (> or =35 years) had a higher rate of chromosome anomalies compared with women younger than age 35 (normal:abnormal = 32.4%:67.6% for > or =35 years and 53.8%:46.2% for <35 years in SA; 19.2%:80.8%/21.7%:78.3% for > or =35 years and 43.3%:56.7%/40.0%:60.0% for <35 years in RM(> or =2) and RM(> or =3), respectively; P<0.05). In SA group, an increase of normal karyotypes was noted with increased gestational age (<10 week, 38.0%; 10-15 week, 53.5%; 16-20 week, 65.7%). In RM group, most of cases were in <10 week and the frequency of trisomies with chromosomes 1 to 10 were increased compared with that of SA. CONCLUSION: There was a statistically significant difference in the frequency and distribution of chromosomal abnormalities between SA and RM groups. Our results will provide useful information for diagnosis and genetic counseling of patients with SA or RM.
Abortion, Habitual* ; Abortion, Spontaneous* ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Cytogenetic Analysis ; Cytogenetics* ; Diagnosis* ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Genetic Counseling ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Karyotype ; Karyotyping ; Maternal Age ; Pregnancy ; Trisomy