Aspergillosis is a rare disease of fungal infection produced by the genus Aspergillus in immunocompromised patients. It mainly involves the lung and may disseminate by invasion of biood vessels into the gastrointestinal tract. Brain and kidney. We report a case of the disseminated aspergillosis in malignant lymphoma affecting the lung. Brain and thyroid gland.
Aspergillosis* ; Aspergillus ; Brain ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Immunocompromised Host ; Kidney ; Lung ; Lymphoma* ; Rare Diseases ; Thyroid Gland

Early detection of neoplastic disese and metastatic spred is very important. Carcinoma of the breast is knownto readily metastasize to the bone. The use of Tc-99m-phophate as bone imaging agent has been shown to demonstrate early evidence of bone metastasis well before radiographic evidence is visualized and as thus become a very usefultechnique for establishing and monitoring the bony metastatic element of breast cancer. In this study, serial boneimaging studies were performed to monitor the management of 84 breast cancer patients before and after mastectomyand biopsy. We attempted to analyse bone scans of breast cancer and to correlated the scan findings with theclinical stage, status of lymphnodes, distanat metastasis, bone pain, and laboratory datas. The following useful patterns were emerged: 1. Postive bone scan rate was definitely higher in clinical stage III and IV (42, 57%) thatin stage I and II(4, 18%) in initital studies. However, no correlation between positive bone scan rate andclinical stage was found in follow up studies. 2. Positive bone scan rate was high in both groups with locallyadvanced tumor(T3 & T4) and distant metastasis. 3. No correlation between postive bone scan and status oflymphnode involvement was noted. 4. Positive bone scan rate was also very high in patients with bone pain andabnomral laboratory data.
Biopsy ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Radionuclide Imaging

Since Maisonneuve mentioned osteomyelitis by typhoid fever for the first time in 1835, numerous investigators had reported salmonella osteomyelitis. But these are very rare in its incidence ; only 0.82% of patients with typhoid infections have skeletal involvement. The authors recently experienced a case of salmonella osteomyelitis in lumbar spine respectively caused by salmonella typhi D group. A 48 year-old female was admitted to our Dept. of Neurosurgery with 4 months history of severe lumbago. On hospitalization her emperature raised upto 39 degrees C once and widal test showed salmonella typhosa OH 640x. Lumbar spine X-ray films demonstrated irregular bony destruction of L2 and L3 with mild degree of narrowing of intervertebral space of L2-3. Pus evacuation and currettage of involved vertebrae surgically were performed. Salmonella osteomyelitis involving intervertebral space was confirmed by culture of pus obtained from pathologic lesion and by biochemical test. Satisfactory result is obtained by surgical and antibiotic therapy.
Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Low Back Pain ; Middle Aged ; Neurosurgery ; Osteomyelitis* ; Research Personnel ; Salmonella typhi ; Salmonella* ; Spine* ; Suppuration ; Typhoid Fever ; X-Ray Film

We presented two cases of entrapment neuropathy which were confused with herniated lumbar disc syndrome. One was "meralgia paresthetica in association with lumbar disc herniation", and "the other inguinal neuritis along with obturator neuritis". Syndromes of these entrapment neuropathies were confirmed by subcidence of pain and creation of progressively longer pain-free intervals after analgesic blocks of the corresponding nerves by infiltration of Xylocaine and prednisolone.
Lidocaine ; Nerve Compression Syndromes ; Neuritis ; Prednisolone

Although there are differences in the mode of onset, symptomatology and clinical course in the various types of cerebrovascular lesions, the general picture may be quite similar and it is often difficult to determine the nature of the lesion in any individual case from the clinical data. In the vast majority of cases the symptoms of a cerebrovascular accident are of sudden onset and reach maximum intensity within few minutes or a few hours at the most. Locksley, et al. have reported autopsies on people who died from spontaneous intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhage, and they found that a primary or metastatic brain tumor was the cause of hemorrhage in only 2%~3% of their necropsy. We presented our experience with two such patient whose clinical pictures before the surgery were quite similar with those of cerebrovascular accident. Cases with a large chronic subdural hematoma and cerebral glioblastoma multiforme demonstrated a sudden and dramatic onset of coma and focal neurological symptoms immediately before admission to the hospital. The responsible mechanism or etiology for the mode of such sudden dramatic onset of symptoms may be derangement of intracranial pressure mechanism and sudden hemorrhage in the tumor.
Autopsy ; Brain Neoplasms ; Coma ; Glioblastoma ; Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intracranial Pressure ; Stroke* ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Acute gastric mucosal lesions (AGM lesions) is a general term applied to conditions characterized by the acute development of mucosal lesions in the form of erythema, mucosal hemorrhage, erosions and ulcerations in the mucosa of the stomach and duodenum. Although the pathopphysiological events leading to the formation of these lesions remain unknown, we do know that they are after preceded by one of many situations. It has become traditional to use the term stress ulcer to describe AGM lesions proceded by a major stress such as that of an operation or of severe thermal burns or hemorrhagic shock. The silent clinical manifestation of acute gastric mucosal lesions, regardless of their cause, is bleeding. AGM lesions were experimentally produced by brain injury and administration of steroid. This experimental study was conducted in order to study the so called AGM lesions, especially on production and pathology of them. This experimental animals, normal adult rate, were divided into 4 groups the first group of brain injury, the second group of brain injury and administration of steroid, the third group of administration of steroid only, and the fourth group of normal control with administration of normal saline and normal rats. The frequency of AGM lesions was studied in relation to each experimental group, experimental period and grade of lesions. The AGM lesions were divided into 3 grades depending on the macroscopic and microscopic findings. 1. AGM lesions were observed in 34 out of 63 all experimental animals except for control group of animal. Majority of the lesions were found in the glandular portion of the stomach. 2. In the brain injured group, the lesions that was erythematous and superficial mucosal erosion were found in 3 out of 21(14.3%), which were observed only in experimental period of 3-5 days. 3. In the group with brain injury and steroid administration, the lesions were found in 16 out of 21 animals(76.2%) among them grade 1 was in 2 out of 16, grade 2 in 10 and grade 3 in 4, which observed in the period of 2-7 days. 4. In the group with administration of steroid, the lesions were found in 15 out of 21 animals(71.4%), among them grade 1 was 2 out of 15, grade 2 in 11 and grade 3 in 2, which started to be observed form 2nd day through out the experimental period. 5. No lesions were investigated in the control group. No correlation between the variety of brain injury and production of AGM lesion was studied.
Adult ; Animals ; Brain ; Brain Injuries ; Burns ; Duodenum ; Erythema ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; Pathology ; Rats ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; Stomach ; Ulcer

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop visions of nursing service, nursing strategies and key performance indicators (KPIs) for an intensive care unit (ICU) based on a Balanced Scorecard (BSC). METHODS: This study was undertaken by using methodological research. The development process consisted of four phases; the first phase was to develop the vision of nursing in ICUs. The second phase was to develop strategies according to 4 perspectives of a BSC. The third phase was to develop KPIs according to the 4 perspectives of BSC and the final phase was to combine the nursing visions, strategies and KPIs of ICUs. RESULTS: Two main visions of nursing service for ICUs were established. These were 'realization of harmonized professional nursing with human respect' and 'recovery of health through specialized nursing' respectively. In order to reach the aim of developing nursing visions, thirteen practical strategies and nineteen KPIs were developed by four perspectives of the BSC. CONCLUSION: The results will be used as objective fundamental data to attain business outcomes for the achievement of nursing visions and strategies of ICUs.
Adult ; *Employee Performance Appraisal ; Female ; Humans ; *Intensive Care Units ; Interviews as Topic ; Middle Aged ; Models, Nursing ; Nurse Administrators/*organization & administration ; Nursing Process/*standards ; Program Development ; Quality Indicators, Health Care ; Questionnaires

Dermoid cysts mostly occur in the posteior fossa, a mid-line position in the vermis or adjacent meninges being favoured : the cavity of the fourth ventricle may be occupied. We have reported a case of dermoid cyst in male patient aged 16 and it was located in between midbrain tectum and artial portion of the left lateral ventricle.
Dermoid Cyst* ; Fourth Ventricle ; Humans ; Lateral Ventricles ; Male ; Meninges ; Mesencephalon

A teratoma is a true tumor or neoplasm composed of multiple tissue of kinds foreign to the part in which it arises. Predilection site of intracranial teratoma are the pineal body, the pituitary region and the posterior fossa in order of frequency. We have reported a case of teratoma experienced in a boy aged 12 who disclosed various clinical manifestations of right frontal lobe tumor. The teratoma was malignant histologically and located deeply in the white matter of the right posterior frontal lobe.
Frontal Lobe ; Humans ; Male ; Pineal Gland ; Teratoma*

Abscess formation within the sellar turcica is a rather entity. The development of such as abscess may be due to a direct extension of adjacent infections, such as sphenoid sinusitis, osteomyelitis of the floor of the sella or infections of other sinuses, or may be transmitted through the blood stream. Several intrinsic lesions of the pituitary gland may favor the development of infections. A case of pituitary abscess is reported in which the clinical history, manifestation and laboratory data of 32 year-old Korean female showed a strong resemblance to those in pituitary adenomas. At operation a soft cystic mass was exposed and identified in the pituitary fossa of which content was yellow pus and drained. Studies of the cyst wall and content demonstrated non-specific inflammation of the pituitary gland. A brief review of abscess in the pituitary fossa is presented.
Abscess* ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Osteomyelitis ; Pituitary Gland ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; Rivers ; Sphenoid Sinus ; Sphenoid Sinusitis ; Suppuration