INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the concern and attitudes of Nursing students toward the disabled before and after the disability experience program. METHOD: 151 Nursing students with clinical practice in National rehabilitation hospital were conveniently selected as the subject. All subjects had experience the disability program, and their attitudes toward the disabled were measured before and after the 3hours' program. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS 11.0 with paired t-test. RESULTS: 1. The concern toward the disabled after their disability experience program was more positive than before(t= -4.930, p= .000). 2. The attitudes toward the disabled after their disability experience program was more positive than before(t=5.892, p=.000). 3. The appreciation of daily life after their disability experience program was higher than before(t=- -8.563, p= .000). CONCLUSION: In summary, the disability experience program should be effective in order to promote the positive attitude toward the disabled. Therefore expansion of this program is of profound significant.
Humans ; Nursing* ; Rehabilitation ; Students, Nursing*

Background: Numerous studies have investigated risk factors for unfavorable outcomes in prosthetic breast reconstruction, such as obesity, perioperative radiotherapy, and acellular dermal matrix use. However, no reports have explored whether the use of the dominant hand influences complications in breast reconstruction. To address this gap in the literature, analyzed complication rates between the dominant and non-dominant sides after reconstruction. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 160 patients (170 breasts) who underwent breast reconstruction from February 2017 to March 2022. We analyzed the complications between beasts on the dominant and non-dominant sides according to the reconstruction method. Results: During prosthetic breast reconstruction, the drainage volume and duration on the dominant side exceeded those on the non-dominant side after reconstruction (duration: 9.79 days on the dominant side vs. 9.12 days on the non-dominant side, P=0.196; volume: 771.1 mL on the dominant side vs. 654.3 mL on the non-dominant side, P=0.027). The incidence of complications such as wound dehiscence, mastectomy flap necrosis, and infection was significantly higher in the dominant hand group (infection: 6 vs. 0, P=0.014; dehiscence: 15 vs. 4, P=0.009; flap necrosis: 13 vs. 4, P=0.024). Conclusions Complications including seroma, infection, and mastectomy skin flap necrosis following prosthetic reconstruction were common in breasts on the dominant-hand side. Therefore, meticulous management and restriction of shoulder movement can aid in preventing seroma-related complications in prosthetic breast reconstruction, especially on the side of the dominant hand.

Many different type of embolic material, such as muscles Gelfoam, porcelain, and detachable balloon, etc, has been used for the treatment of carotid-cavernous fistula. In an effort to achieve better results the authors used laminaria, a sea-weeds root, as a newly-tried embolus which has a unique characteristic of expanding gradually within 4 hours 3-4 times from its original width, but not in length, when in contact with any type of fluid. A very special feature of the laminaria is that the initial hard and coarserness is slowly transformed while expanding into a rounded softness as to allow no menhanical injury to the surrounding vessels of tissue. The laminaria was formed into a reversed bowling-pin shape measuring 8x1.5mm with tapered tail and a round head in which contains a sliver clip as a radiographic marker. An extension of standard angiographic technique ahs been used to complete an alternative method of treatment. This technique involves introducing the cather harboring the laminaria by the percutaneous route either transfemoral or directly transcarotid and releasing the terminal internal carotid artery at the site of the fistula. Releasing a few of the shaped laminaria piece from the catheter tip has resulted in a successful obliteration of the fistula in 7 cases out of total 8 of carotid-cavernous fistula.
Carotid Artery, Internal ; Catheters ; Dental Porcelain ; Embolism ; Fistula* ; Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable ; Head ; Laminaria* ; Muscles

OBJECTIVE: There are reports that a history of low birth weight, and accordingly, a small kidney could be a risk factor for hypertension and end-stage renal disease in older age. We looked for factors that have an influence on the kidney size to make guidelines for follow up and early detection of renal diseases. METHODS: From April 2003 to October 2004, we studied the kidney size of neonates, who had an abdominal ultrasound done within two weeks of life. We measured the kidney length and anterior-posterior (AP) diameter and compared the values with each patient's gestational age, birth weight, height, body surface area (BSA), percentile, blood pressure, laboratory findings and various neonatal diseases. RESULTS: The kidney length and AP diameter had a good correlation with the patient's gestational age, birth weight, height and BSA. The kidney size was larger in the appropriate for gestational age (AGA) than in the small for gestational age (SGA) group in full term neonates. The kidney size did not have a correlation with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, laboratory findings, such as hemoglobin or hematocrit, and various diseases, except congenital heart disease, which had a weak correlation with kidney size. CONCLUSION: Neonates with early gestational period, low birth weight, small height and BSA tend to have a small kidney. Also SGA patients, especially symmetrical type, tend to have a small kidney. So we recommend high risk neonates to be followed up for early detection of hypertension and renal diseases.
Birth Weight ; Blood Pressure ; Body Height ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gestational Age ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Hematocrit ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Kidney* ; Risk Factors ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Although the antioxidative effects of lycopene are generally known, the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory properties of lycopene are not fully elucidated. This study aimed to examine the role and mechanism of lycopene as an inhibitor of inflammation. METHODS/MATERIALS: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated SW 480 human colorectal cancer cells were treated with 0, 10, 20, and 30 µM lycopene. The MTT assay was performed to determine the effects of lycopene on cell proliferation. Western blotting was performed to observe the expression of inflammation-related proteins, including nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), inhibitor kappa B (IκB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), c-jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 (p38 MAP kinase). Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to investigate the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS: In cells treated with lycopene and LPS, the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 were decreased significantly in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). The concentrations of PGE2 and NO decreased according to the lycopene concentration (P < 0.05). The protein expressions of NF-κB and JNK were decreased significantly according to lycopene concertation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Lycopene restrains NF-κB and JNK activation, which causes inflammation, and suppresses the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2, and iNOS in SW480 human colorectal cancer cells.
Blotting, Western ; Cell Proliferation ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; Dinoprostone ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans* ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-1beta ; Interleukin-6 ; Nitric Oxide ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; Phosphotransferases ; Protein Kinases ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Messenger ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

OBJECTIVES: Group psychotherapy is known to be an effective treatment program for adolescents who attach importance to peer relationship, but it is not activated in Korea. Therefore, researchers performed weekly the closed, homogeneous, time-limited (10 sessions), outpatient group psychotherapy for adolescents with conduct disorder. Objectives of this study were as follows: first, we practiced the group psychotherapy for adolescents with conduct disorder and evaluated its effectiveness: second, we examined the therapeutic factors which were used by participants: third, we intended to settlee down the group psychotherapy for adolescents with CD as an effective and efficient treatment modality. METHODS: This study was performed two times from October to December in 1998 and from April to June in 1999. It was sponsored by Youth Counselling Center in H city. The case group were composed of 15 female students who were second grade in H high school, and 4 students were dropped out. The control group were composed of 18 female students who were same grade in H high school and 3 students were dropped out. Before and after this program, self-report delinquency scale, aggression scale and impulsivity scale were asked to them. And just after each session, Yalom 13 therapeutic factors scale and satisfaction questionnaire for group psychotherapy were asked to them. And at last meeting, total assessment questionnaire was asked to them. RESULTS: We compared the change of therapeutic factors between the former half sessions(1-5) and the later half sessions (6-10), and the results were as follows: in the former half, the upper ranks of therapeutic factors were existential factor, universality, catharsis, identification with leader, and identification with members in order. And in the later half, the upper ranks of therapeutic factors were catharsis, existential factor, identification with leader, identification with members, and guidance of members in order. The rank of catharsis and guidance of members went upward and the rank of universality went downward when we compared the ranks in the former half to those in the later half. Altruism and family enactment were the lowest ranked in both half. The satisfaction questionnaire for group psychotherapy showed to be helped by participants at the rate of 45.7% in former half, 83.3% in later half. The total assessment questionnaire showed the willingness of re-participation at the rate of 85.7% if future opportunity of group psychotherapy is given for them. CONCLUSIONS: The time-limited group psychotherapy for adolescents diagnosed by conduct disorder was very effectively practiced and the participants reported high level of the satisfaction. The outpatient group psychotherapy for adolescents would be expanded and practiced though there are several accompanied problems including the difficulty of structuring, the deficit of motivation, and financial problem.
Adolescent* ; Aggression ; Altruism ; Catharsis ; Conduct Disorder* ; Female ; Humans ; Impulsive Behavior ; Korea ; Motivation ; Outpatients* ; Psychotherapy, Group* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Pericardial defect is a rare congenital cardiac disorder. Most patients were asymptomatic but some patients with partial pericardial defect occasionally complain acute symptoms such as angina, syncope, rarely sudden cardiac death. So, differential diagnosis with other ischemic or structural heart disease is crucial in the management of such patients. But there is no consistently successful diagnostic method. In the past, artificial diagnostic pneumothorax was used to document the absence of pericardium. However, it is not easily accepted due to excess morbidity and failure rate. Recently, echocardiography and more often, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging are used to confirm the diagnosis. We experienced a 52 years old male patient with atypical chest pain, who was diagnosed as complete left pericardial defect with computed tomography.
Chest Pain ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Echocardiography ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pericardium ; Pneumothorax ; Syncope

Situs inversus totalis with dextrocardia is a rare congenital anomaly and its incidence is approximately 1: 6,000-35,000 in general population. Such patients usually have structurally normal hearts and are expected to have normal life span. Coronary angioplasty in such patients have previously been reported, but reported cases in literature are scanty. This report describes our experience of successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with stent in acute myocardial infarction patient with situs inversus totalis and dextrocardia who exhibited total occlusion of the mid left anterior descending coronary artery.
Angioplasty ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary* ; Coronary Vessels ; Dextrocardia ; Heart ; Humans ; Incidence ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Situs Inversus* ; Stents*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Ganglioglioma* ; Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial ; Neuroblastoma ; Prognosis