PURPOSE: The aim of this review was to analyze the evaluation criteria on mandibular implant overdentures through a systematic review and suggest standardized evaluation criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted by PubMed search strategy and hand-searching of relevant journals from included studies considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Randomized clinical trials (RCT) and clinical trial studies comparing attachment systems on mandibular implant overdentures until December, 2011 were selected. Twenty nine studies were finally selected and the data about evaluation methods were collected. RESULTS: Evaluation criteria could be classified into 4 groups (implant survival, peri-implant tissue evaluation, prosthetic evaluation, and patient satisfaction). Among 29 studies, 21 studies presented implant survival rate, while any studies reporting implant failure did not present cumulative implant survival rate. Seventeen studies evaluating peri-implant tissue status presented following items as evaluation criteria; marginal bone level (14), plaque Index (13), probing depth (8), bleeding index (8), attachment gingiva level (8), gingival index (6), amount of keratinized gingiva (1). Eighteen studies evaluating prosthetic maintenance and complication also presented following items as evaluation criteria; loose matrix (17), female detachment (15), denture fracture (15), denture relining (14), abutment fracture (14), abutment screw loosening (11), and occlusal adjustment (9). Atypical questionnaire (9), Visual analog scales (VAS) (4), and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) (1) were used as the format of criteria to evaluate patients satisfaction in 14 studies. CONCLUSION: For evaluation of implant overdenture, it is necessary to include cumulative survival rate for implant evaluation. It is suggested that peri-implant tissue evaluation criteria include marginal bone level, plaque index, bleeding index, probing depth, and attached gingiva level. It is also suggested that prosthetic evaluation criteria include loose matrix, female detachment, denture fracture, denture relining, abutment fracture, abutment screw loosening, and occlusal adjustment. Finally standardized criteria like OHIP-EDENT or VAS are required for patient satisfaction.
Dental Implants ; Denture Rebasing ; Denture, Overlay* ; Dentures ; Female ; Gingiva ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Mandibular Prosthesis ; Occlusal Adjustment ; Oral Health ; Patient Satisfaction ; Periodontal Index ; Survival Rate ; Visual Analog Scale ; Surveys and Questionnaires

The purpose of the present study lied in examining the incidence, treatment and failure causes of peri-implantitis by analyzing medical charts of those patients who underwent implant placement for the past 2 years. The subjects included those patients who underwent implant placement at the present hospital from January 2001 to December 2002. 3i implants were used for the analysis for the comparison of significance. A total of 301 patients were examined, among whom 102 were females and 199, males. Implants were placed in a total of 578 cases. The number of peri-implantitis was present in a total of 29 cases (21 males and 8 females), giving the incidence at 9.6%. The evidence of peri-implantitis was seen in 60 cases, which was in 10.4% of the patients. Among those cases with peri-implantitis, 28 cases (47%) underwent bone graft and 22 cases (43%) underwent maxillary sinus lift. Furthermore, 4 of these patients had systemic diseases such as diabetes or hypertension. Regular management is important for the preven ion of peri-implantitis. In other words, early prevention through regular follow-ups to check the status of surrounding soft tissue would be needed to maintain implants.
Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Male ; Maxillary Sinus ; Peri-Implantitis* ; Retrospective Studies* ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Humans ; Parents* ; Siblings*

Anacardium ; Capsaicin ; Carcinogens ; Child ; Chronic Disease ; Cicatrix ; Esophagus ; Fibrosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Immunologic Factors ; Iron ; Mouth Mucosa ; Mouth ; Mucous Membrane ; Pharynx ; Precancerous Conditions ; Skin ; Thigh ; Vitamin B Complex

No abstract available.
Calcium* ; Fetal Blood* ; Phosphorus*

No abstract available.
Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable* ; Hemorrhage* ; Thrombin*

No abstract available.
Melanoma*

Burst fractures of lower lumbar spine are rare and have not been well delineated in the literature. Treatment and management considerations for lower lumbar burst fractures are somewhat different from the rest of spine because this area only has the cauda equina and nerve roots. The purpose of this study was to analyse the clinical and radiological results and to determine operative approach. The authors analysed the 16 patients who had been treated with spinal instrumentation (Cotrel- Dubousset, Danek, Kaneda) from Dec. 1990 to Dec. 1994, and following results were obtained. 1. The classification of fracture by Francis-Denis method was B type in 7 cases, A type in 6 cases, E type in 2 cases, and D type in 1 case. 2. By the load-sharing classification, six points or less in 11 patients (first group) and seven or more in 5 patients (second group). In first group lordosis was corrected from 20.4degreespreoperatively to 32.6degrees postoperatively and 24.1degrees at the end of follow-up. In second group lordosis was corrected from 14.8degrees preoperatively to 21.3degrees postoperatively and 0.8degrees at the end of follow-up. 3. The short segmental fixation through posterior approach yielded good result in the first group, but poor result in the second group with complications including two cases of loss of reduction and one case of screw breakage. As a result, posterior approach might be more perferable in first group and anterior approach in the second group.
Animals ; Cauda Equina ; Classification ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lordosis ; Spine

OBJECTIVES: Tumor markers have been clinically used to diagnose and monitor the progression of various tumor or to assess their response to therapy. This study focuses on the evaluation of tumor markers in Chronic renal failure patients, compared with normal controls. METHODS: The following 9 kinds of serum tumor markers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA), squamaus cell carcinoma-related antigen(SCC), CYFRA 21-1, CA(carbohydrate antigen) 125, CA 19-9, alpha-fetoprotein(AFP), prostate specific antigen(PSA), human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG) and CA 72-4 were measured in 56 persons without chronic renal failure(CRF) as controls, in 132 patients with chronic renal failure(56 patients on conservative management, 41 patients on chronic hemodialysis, and 35 patients on CAPD) who did not present any evidences of neoplasia. RESULTS: 1) The mean level of CEA in CRF patients was significantly higher than that of controls(p<0.001), and that of CRF patients on hemodialysis was significantly higher than that of patients on conservative management(p<0.05). 2) The mean level of SCC in CRF patients was significantly higher than that of controls(p<0.001), and the mean levels of SCC did not differ significantly among three groups of CRF patients. 3) The mean level of CYFRA in CI4F patients was significantly higher than that of controls(p<0.001), and that of CRF patients on hemodialysis was significantly higher than those of patients on conservative management and on CAPD respectively (p<0.05). 4) The mean level of CA 125 in CRF patients was significantly higher than that of controls (p<0.001), and that of CRF patients on CAPD was significantly lower than that of controls(p<0.05). 5) Positive percent for CYFRA 21-1 in all CRF patients was 89.7%, and SCC 82.9%, CEA 60.3%, CA 125 48%, CA 19-9 22.4%, PSA 7.9%, CA 72-4 6.1%, hCG 4.7% and AFV 3.2% respectively. CONCLUSION: The present study shows that tumor markers such as CEA, SCC, CYFRA 21-1, CA 19-9 and CA 125 are elevated above reference values in a substantial number of patients according to the reference values commonly used in normal persons, making them unreliable for monitoring malignancies in uremic patients. While the other tumor markers such as AFP, PSA, hCG and CA 72-4 are reliable for the same purpose. These results must be taken into account when serum levels of tumor markers are measured in CRF patients
Chorion ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory ; Prostate ; Reference Values ; Renal Dialysis ; Biomarkers, Tumor*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the shape and volume of the radio-frequency induced lesions produced by two commercially available radio-frequency ablation (RFA) systems, the expandable and cooled-tip needles, in clinical patients and an experimental model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A twelve-array anchor expandable needle electrode and a single cooled-tip needle electrode were used to treat hepatic tumors with a single session in 23 patients (20 hepatocellular carcinomas and 3 hepatic metastases) and fourteen patients (10 hepatocellular carcinomas and 4 hepatic metastases), respectively. Twenty RFA induced lesions were created with each system in 10 explanted bovine livers. The shape of the RFA induced lesions were divided into oval lesions along or perpendicular to the axis of the electrode and spherical lesions, and we then calculated the volumes of the RFA induced lesions. RESULTS: Fourteen (61%) lesions of the 23 patients treated with the expandable system were oval perpendicular to the axis of the electrode and nine (39%) of the lesions were spherical. All the lesions (100%) of the 14 patients treated with the cooled-tip needle were oval along the axis of the electrode. In the ex vivo bovine livers, the shape of the all RFA induced lesions was oval perpendicular to the axis of the electrode for the expandable needle, and oval along the axis of the electrode for the cooled-tip needle. The mean diameter and volume of the RFA induced lesions in the patients were 3.35+/-0.56cm and 19.9+/-6.53 cm3, respectively, for the expandable needle and 3.58+/-0.78 cm and 23.19+/-5.27 cm3, respectively, for the cooled-tip needle. In the ex vivo model, the mean diameter and volume of RFA induced lesions were 3.41+/-0.59 cm and 26.59+/-8.02 cm3, respectively, for the expandable needle, and 4.04+/-0.65 cm and 33.82+/-6.16 cm3, respectively, for the cooled-tip needle (p<0.05). CONCLUSION:These results indicate that the shape of RFA induced lesions with the expandable needle were oval perpendicular to the axis of the electrode but those with the cooled-tip needle were oval along the axis of the electrode in both the clinical and experimental models. The cooled-tip needle induced significantly larger lesions than the expandable needle in the clinical patients and the experimental model. We need to consider these characteristic findings for RFA when we are performing such procedures.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Electrodes ; Humans ; Liver ; Models, Theoretical* ; Needles*