The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status and growth of Korean infants, who were atending peripheral community clinics in low income areas, by anthropometric measurements and estimating dietary intakes. Dietary intakes and growth were compared among different feeding patterns of 143 infants until age 9 months. The overall mean nutrient intakes of infants in this study were below the recommended allowances except the calcium intake from significant difference in each groups; however, calcium, zinc and iron intake of the formula fed infant(FF) was higher than the breast fed infant(BF) or the mixed fed infant(MF). Form ages 4-6 months, the nutrient intakes were shown to be higher in groups that were given supplementary foods than groups that were not. From ages 7-9 months, all nutrient intakes were higher in or the formula and supplementary foods fed(ESF) infants than in the breast and supplementary food(BSF) or the formula and supplementary food(FSF) groups, All subjets in this study showed a large Z-score. The growth of infants up to 6 months of age showed no significant difference in the feeding pattern, however, after 7 months of age the BSF group had significantly lower weight than the FSF or the ESF groups, There were significant positive relationships between infants weight gain at age 7-9 months from birth and the current protein or zinc intakes. As a result the average status of nutrient intakes of infants in this area was loser than the RDA, however, the growth pattern was fairly good. Although the breast milk is beneficial for infants, mothers should be educated for the importance of supplemental food and its practice to support good nutrition.
Breast ; Calcium ; Feeding Behavior ; Humans ; Infant ; Iron ; Milk, Human ; Mothers ; Nutritional Status ; Parturition ; Weight Gain ; Zinc

This studly was perormed 10 define the role of compulerized quantitative analysis in ewalualion for overexpression of p53 by immunohistochemistry. Total and ladeled cells wers counted automatically using commercially available software for color-image analysis. In 16 uterine cerwical carcinomas, the p53 ladeling index calculted bycomputerized5quantitatiwe analysis was 9.22%+/-8.70% and by visual analysis 5.90+/-6.51%. The present results suggest that the computerized quantitative analysis may be valuadle in objective interetation of immunohistochemical expression of p53 and reliable than conventional ways of visual analysis.
Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Immunohistochemistry

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intention among male nurses in South Korea. METHODS: Data were collected in May, 2013 and a total of 150 male hospital nurses participated in this study. Job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intention were measured using a structured questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 20.0 for windows. RESULTS: There were statistically significant correlations between job satisfaction and organizational commitment (r=.74, p<.001), job satisfaction and turnover intention (r=-.56, p<.001), and organizational commitment and turnover intention (r=-.69, p< .001). There was a statistically significant difference in job satisfaction of participants according to education, work unit, and salary. Organizational commitment showed significant difference according to age, education, work unit, and salary. Turnover intention was significantly different according to duration of employment in the hospital, and salary. The most influential factor for turnover intention was organizational commitment (beta=-.69, p<.001). This factor accounted for 47.8% of the variance in turnover intention. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that to reduce turnover intention for men in nursing, it is necessary to increase job satisfaction, and organizational commitment.
Education ; Employment ; Humans ; Intention* ; Job Satisfaction* ; Korea ; Male ; Nurses, Male* ; Nursing ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits

The association of major fetal malformations with amniotic bands has been known for many years. However, we are apt to ignore the possibility of amniotic band syndrome. In this case, fetal anencephaly was diagnosed at 17 weeks, menstrual age on the basis of sonographic findings. Following pregnancy termination, examination of the abortus rev- ealed the cerebral remnant which is similar to that found in dysraphic anencephaly, but collateral evidence of amniotic band was found. Therefore, when confronted with severe cranial or cerebral malformation amniotic band syndrome should be in the differential dia- gnosis.
Amniotic Band Syndrome* ; Anencephaly* ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Skin* ; Ultrasonography

Relapsing polychondritis is a rare inflammatory disorder affecting the cartilaginous structures throughout the body. Although there is no pathognomonic laboratory tests, clinical features, when coupled with histopathologic findings, enable one to make a diagnosis of relapsing polychondritis. A 26-year-old man presented with purplish, swollen, and tender auricles and injected eyes. His symptoms had developed eight months ago and fluctuated irrespective of various medications such as corticosteroids and antibiotics. Histopathologic examination revealed loss of basophilic staining of the cartilage with some dissolution of its structures. Treatment was initiated with dapsone, However, the remission was too immediate to be considered as a effect of dapsone.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Basophils ; Cartilage ; Dapsone ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Polychondritis, Relapsing*

BACKGROUNG AND OBJECTIVES: Diet is the basic and principal therapeutic modality for hyperlipidemia. However, diet therapy alone showed variable responses in lowering lipid levels in different studies. This research is to prove the effect of diet and Apo E polymorphism on the variation of serum lipid profile in Korean males. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To evaluate the gene-diet interation, serum total cholesterol (Chol), triglycerides (TG), HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol (HDLc, LDLc), lipoprotein (a) (Lp (a)), and fasting blood glucose (FBS) were measured with Apo E genotyping in vegeterians (group A, n=154) and in healthy Korean male adults (group B, n=150) of similar mean age (50.1 vs. 49.3). RESULTS: Lipid profiles showed significantly lower levels in group A compared to group B (Chol 168.3+/-30.5 mg/dL vs. 181.3+/-33.4 mg/dL, p<0.001;TG 131.0+/-62.9 mg/dL vs. 149.4+/-76.7 mg/dL, p=0.023;HDLc 56.0+/-11.0 mg/dL vs. 56.9+/-11.5 mg/dL, p=0.509;LDLc 92.5+/-28.1 mg/dL vs 100.6+/-29.9 mg/dL, p=0.016;Lp (a) 22.1+/-14.6 mg/dL vs. 26.9+/-13.8 mg/dL, p=0.004;FBS 85.1+/-14.1 mg/dL vs. 102.7+/-16.6 mg/dL, p<0.001). The Apo E genotyping showed Epsilon3/3, 64.1%; Epsilon3/4, 20.7%;Epsilon2/3, 11.8%;Epsilon2/2, 1.3%;Epsilon4/4, 0.6% in the combined groups. The distribution was similar in both groups. Chol and LDLc were significantly (p<0.05) higher in Epsilon3/4 allele group compared to other allele groups among non-vegetarians. On the other hand, Chol and LDLc were significantly (p<0.01) lower in vegetarians compared to non-vegetarians only in Epsilon3/4 allele group. CONCLUSION: Vegetarian diet significantly lowered Chol, TG, LDLc, Lp (a) and FBS levels. Significant lipid lowering effect of vegetarian diet was noted in Apo E allele Epsilon3/4 group which had significantly higher Chol and LDLc levels without diet intervention. These data suggest that the influence of diet on serum lipid profiles differ according to apo E genotypes.
Adult ; Alleles ; Apolipoproteins E ; Blood Glucose ; Cholesterol ; Diet Therapy ; Diet* ; Diet, Vegetarian ; Fasting ; Genotype ; Hand ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Lipoprotein(a) ; Male* ; Triglycerides

No abstract available.

A 46-year-old male patient developed jaundice after 23 days' treatment of propylthiouracil (PTU) for Graves' disease. Serum alkaline phosphatase was elevated markedly with moderate increase in serum aminotransferase, and the peak level of total bilirubin was 7.3 mg/dL. After withdrawal of PTU, serum aminotransferase and bilirubin began to decrease simultaneously, and completely normalized. One week after the discharge from hospital, he received radioiodine treatment for Graves' disease, but he showed aggravation of hyperthyroidism and ophthalmopathy. So we prescribed methimazole inevitably 16 days' after the radiodiodine treatment. He developed jaundice again after 69 days' treatment of methimazole, but the pattern of hepatotoxicity was slightly different from that of the previous PTU-nduced hepatotoxicity. Serum aminotransferase increased slightly and quickly normalized after discontinuance of methimazole, but serum total bilirubin increased continuously and reached to 24.6 mg/dL. Eosinophilia was prominent and the result of liver biopsy was compatible with cholestatic jaundice. The patient was treated with prednisolone and recovered from jaundice rapidly.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Bilirubin ; Biopsy ; Eosinophilia ; Graves Disease ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism ; Jaundice ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; Liver ; Male ; Methimazole* ; Middle Aged ; Prednisolone ; Propylthiouracil*

The use of angiographic embolization gas been well described for the control of gynecologic bleeding. Recently, we have experienced the successful embolization in two case of serons bleeding related to giynecologic malignancy. Clinical evaluation revealed a gynecologic cancer with active bleeding. Becaause we judged that conservative management was unable to cuntrol the bleeding, we underwent an angiographic embolization. The result presented here indicates that angiographic embolization is a relatively safe, effective and rapid procedure that should be considered early in management of gynecohogic cancer bleeding that is unresponsive to conservative management.
Hemorrhage*

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are single-stranded RNA viruses which contain the largest RNA genomes, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), a newly found group 2 CoV, emerged as infectious disease with high mortality rate. In this study, we compared the synonymous codon usage patterns between the nucleocapsid and spike genes of CoVs, and C-type lectin domain (CTLD) genes of human and mouse on the codon basis. Findings indicate that the nucleocapsid genes of CoVs were affected from the synonymous codon usage bias than spike genes, and the CTLDs of human and mouse partially overlapped with the nucleocapsid genes of CoVs. In addition, we observed that CTLDs which showed the similar relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) patterns with CoVs were commonly derived from the human chromosome 12, and mouse chromosome 6 and 12, suggesting that there might be a specific genomic region or chromosomes which show a more similar synonymous codon usage pattern with viral genes. Our findings contribute to developing the codon-optimization method in DNA vaccines, and further study is needed to determine a specific correlation between the codon usage patterns and the chromosomal locations in higher organisms.
Animals ; Codon/*genetics ; Humans ; Lectins, C-Type/*genetics ; Membrane Glycoproteins/*genetics ; Mice ; Nucleocapsid/*genetics ; Phylogeny ; SARS Virus/*genetics/pathogenicity ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/prevention & control ; Species Specificity ; Vaccines, DNA ; Viral Envelope Proteins/*genetics ; Virus Attachment