No abstract available.
Krukenberg Tumor*

No abstract available.
Krukenberg Tumor*

Ground-glass opacity is a frequent but nonspecific finding seen on high-resolution CT scans of lung parenchyma. Histologically, this appearance is observed when thickening of the alveolar wall and septal interstitium is minimal or the alveolar lumen is partially filled with fluid, macrophage, neutrophils, or amorphous material. It has been shown that ground-glass opacity may be caused not only by an active inflammatory process but also by fibrotic processes. When a focal area of ground-glass opacity persists or increases in size, the possibility of neoplasm-bronchioloalveolar carcinoma or adenoma, or lymphoma, for example- should be considered. Diffuse nonsegmental ground-glass opacity in both lung fields was incidentally found on follow up abdominal CT in a stomach cancer patient and signet-ring cell-type metastatic lung cancer was confirmed by transbronchial lung biopsy. We report a case of diffuse ground-glass opacity seen in metastatic lung cancer from adenocarcinoma of the stomach.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Adenoma ; Biopsy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lung* ; Lymphoma ; Macrophages ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Neutrophils ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Stomach* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: Intussusception is one of the most common causes of an acute abdomen in infancy. The majority of pediatric cases of intussusception are of the ileocolic type and usually idiopathic. Small bowel intussusception is rarely diagnosed in children, and few cases have been reported. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical features and causes of small bowel intussusception in children. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and radiologic findings of 21 children with small bowel intussusception who were admitted to Seoul National University Children's Hospital between March 2005 and January 2010. RESULTS: The clinical presentation of small bowel intussusception included abdominal pain or irritability (85%), vomiting (23%), fever (14%), bloody stools (14%), and abdominal masses (4%). Six patients required surgical management. Ultrasonography showed that the mean diameter of the lesions and mean thickness of the outer rims were 1.6+/-0.7 and 1.7+/-1.8 mm, respectively. Eleven lesions were located in the left abdominal or paraumbilical regions. Children who underwent surgical management were older than children with transient small bowel intussusception (mean age, 51 vs. 109 months). The mean diameter of the lesions and mean thickness of the outer rims were greater in the surgically-managed group. The location of intussusception was not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Small bowel intussusception was spontaneously reduced in a large number of pediatric patients. However, sonographic demonstration of larger size, older age, and pathologic lead point warrant surgical intervention.
Abdomen, Acute ; Abdominal Pain ; Child ; Fever ; Humans ; Intussusception ; Retrospective Studies ; Vomiting

PURPOSE: Intussusception is one of the most common causes of an acute abdomen in infancy. The majority of pediatric cases of intussusception are of the ileocolic type and usually idiopathic. Small bowel intussusception is rarely diagnosed in children, and few cases have been reported. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical features and causes of small bowel intussusception in children. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and radiologic findings of 21 children with small bowel intussusception who were admitted to Seoul National University Children's Hospital between March 2005 and January 2010. RESULTS: The clinical presentation of small bowel intussusception included abdominal pain or irritability (85%), vomiting (23%), fever (14%), bloody stools (14%), and abdominal masses (4%). Six patients required surgical management. Ultrasonography showed that the mean diameter of the lesions and mean thickness of the outer rims were 1.6+/-0.7 and 1.7+/-1.8 mm, respectively. Eleven lesions were located in the left abdominal or paraumbilical regions. Children who underwent surgical management were older than children with transient small bowel intussusception (mean age, 51 vs. 109 months). The mean diameter of the lesions and mean thickness of the outer rims were greater in the surgically-managed group. The location of intussusception was not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Small bowel intussusception was spontaneously reduced in a large number of pediatric patients. However, sonographic demonstration of larger size, older age, and pathologic lead point warrant surgical intervention.
Abdomen, Acute ; Abdominal Pain ; Child ; Fever ; Humans ; Intussusception ; Retrospective Studies ; Vomiting

BACKGROUND: Recent clinical observation reported that there was a significant correlation between change in circulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and the occurrence of severe acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), but the action mechanisms of VEGF in GVHD have not been demonstrated. METHODS: This study investigated whether or not blockade of VEGF has an effect on acute GVHD in a lethally irradiated murine allo-HSCT model of B6 (H-2b)-->B6D2F1 (H-2b/d). Syngeneic or allogeneic recipient mice were injected subcutaneously with anti-VEGF peptides, dRK6 (50 microg/dose) or control diluent every other day for 2 weeks (total 7 doses). RESULTS: Administration of the dRK6 peptide after allo-HSCT significantly reduced survival with greaterclinical GVHD scores and body weight loss. Allogeneic recipients injected with the dRK6 peptide exhibited significantly increased circulating levels of VEGF and expansion of donor CD3+ T cells on day +7 compared to control treated animals. The donor CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets have differential expansion caused by the dRK6 injection. The circulating VEGF levels were reduced on day +14 regardless of blockade of VEGF. CONCLUSION: Together these findings demonstrate that the allo-reactive responses after allo-HSCT are exaggerated by the blockade of VEGF. VEGF seems to be consumed during the progression of acute GVHD in this murine allo-HSCT model.
Animals ; Body Weight ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Mice ; Oligopeptides ; Peptides ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; T-Lymphocytes ; Tissue Donors ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

No abstract available.
Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive*

PURPOSE: Autoimmune hepatitis is a chronic inflammatory liver disease with unknown cause that is characterized by liver histology, circulating autoantibodies and increased levels of immunoglobulin G. Only sporadic reports are available on autoimmune hepatitis in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical, biochemical, and histological features, and the long-term outcome of autoimmune hepatitis in Korean children. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 14 children diagnosed as having autoimmune hepatitis at Seoul National University Children's Hospital from 1990 to 2004, and analyzed clinical, biochemical, and histological features, and clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Mean age at diagnosis was 9 years and 11 of the 14 children were female. Six children presented with acute hepatitis-like manifestations. Jaundice and fatigue were the most common symptoms. Other autoimmune diseases accompanied in 6 children. Anti-nuclear antibody was detected in 13 patients and anti-smooth muscle antibody was positive in 8. All 14 patients were type 1 autoimmune hepatitis. The main histologic findings were interface hepatitis, rosette formation, and cirrhosis. Clinical and biochemical features were improved in six patients treated with ursodeoxycholic acid. Eight patients were treated with corticosteroid alone or in combination with azathioprine and five of them are in biochemical remission. CONCLUSION: Autoimmune hepatitis is an inflammatory liver disease, which has a favorable long-term outcome if it is diagnosed and treated promptly. Therefore, autoimmune hepatitis should be suspected in children with chronic hepatitis of unknown etiology, especially in female patients who show hypergammaglobulinemia or some clinical features of autoimmune disease.
Autoantibodies ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Azathioprine ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Fatigue ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Hepatitis ; Hepatitis, Autoimmune* ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; Humans ; Hypergammaglobulinemia ; Immunoglobulin G ; Jaundice ; Liver ; Liver Diseases ; Medical Records ; Prognosis* ; Rosette Formation ; Seoul ; Ursodeoxycholic Acid

No abstract available.

Purpose: The role of prophylactic abdominal drainage in total gastrectomy is not wellestablished. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of abdominal drainage in the prevention and management of major intra-abdominal complications after total gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 499 patients who underwent total gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma in a high-volume institution. The patients were divided into drainage and non-drainage groups and compared for the development and management of major intra-abdominal complications, including anastomotic leak, abdominal bleeding, abdominal infection, and pancreatic fistulas. Results: The drainage group included 388 patients and the non-drainage group included 111 patients. The 2 groups showed no significant differences in clinicopathological characteristics or operative procedures, except for more frequent D2 lymphadenectomies in the drainage group. After surgery, the overall morbidity (drainage group vs. non-drainage group: 24.7% vs. 28.8%, P=0.385) and incidence of major intra-abdominal complications (6.4% vs. 6.3%, P=0.959) did not significantly differ between the two groups. The nondrainage group showed no significant increase in the incidence rate of major intra-abdominal complications in the subgroups divided by age, sex, comorbidity, operative approach, body mass index, extent of lymphadenectomy, and pathological stage. Abdominal drainage had no significant impact on early diagnosis, secondary intervention or reoperation, or recovery from major intra-abdominal complications. Conclusions Prophylactic abdominal drainage showed little demonstrable benefit in the prevention and management of major intra-abdominal complications of total gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma.