Microsurgical reconstruction is necessary for children to correct severe trauma and congenital or acuqired deformity. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether or not microsurgical reconstruction is a safe and reliable operation in children and to analyze the differences of microsurgical reconstruction in children compared to adults. The study included 12 children who underwent 13 microsurgical reconstructions among a total of 251 cases of microsurgical reconstruction from May, 1986 to August, 1998. Their ages ranged from 24 months to 14 years and 8 months. There were 7 males and 6 females. The involved sites were 9 legs, 3 hands and 1 face. The causes of microsurgical reconstruction were 9 traumas, 2 congenital anomalies, 1 acquired deformity and 1 cancer. The applied flaps were 4 scapular flaps, 2 rectus abdominis muscle flaps, 1 de-epithelized groin flap, 1 lateral arm flap, 1 forearm tendocutaneous flap, 1 forearm tendocutaneous flap, 1 latissimus dorsi muscle flap, 1 fibula flap, 1 second toe transfer, and 1 wrap-around flap. All patients have had normal growth of the donor and recipient sites without specific complications during an average 2 years follow-up. We concluded that microvascular reconstruction is a very useful and reliable procedure in children if it is performed in consideration of each child's specific characteristics and conditions.
Adult ; Arm ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Fibula ; Follow-Up Studies ; Forearm ; Groin ; Hand ; Humans ; Leg ; Male ; Rectus Abdominis ; Superficial Back Muscles ; Tissue Donors ; Toes

PURPOSE: We investigated reproducibility of the quantification of left ventricular volume and ejection fraction, and grading of myocardial wall motion and systolic thickening when we used gated myocardial SPECT and Cedars quantification software. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed gated myocardial SPECT in 33 consecutive patients twice in the same position after Tc-99m-MIBI SPECT. We used 16 frames per cycle for the gatingof sequential Tc-99m-MTBI SPECT. After reconstruction, we used Cedars quantitative gated SPECT and calculated ventricular volume and ejection fraction (EF), Wall motion was graded using 5 point score. Wall thickening was graded using 4 point score. Coefficient of variation for re-examination of volume and fraction were calculated. Kappa values (k-value) for assessing reproducibility of wall motion or wall thickening were calculated. RESULTS: Enddiastolic volumes (EDV) ranged from 58 mi to 248 ml (122 ml +/- 42 ml), endsystolic volumes (ESV) from 20 mi to 174 mi (65 ml +1- 39 ml), and EF from 20% to 68% (51% +/- 14%). Geometric mean of standard deviations of 33 patients was 5.0 ml for EDV, 3.9 ml for ESV and 1.9% for EF. Their average differences were not different from zero (p>0.05). k-value for wall motion using 2 consecutive images was 0.76 (confidence interval: 0.71-0.81). k-value was 0.87 (confidence interval:0.83-0.90) for assessment of wall thickening. CONCLUSION: We concluded that quantification of functional indices, assessment of wall motion and wall thickening using gated Tc-99m-MIBI SPECT was reproducible and we could use this method for the evaluation of short-acting drug effect.
Heart ; Humans ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

No abstract available.
Humans*

The present study was performed to evaluate the comedogenicity of several cosmetic ingredients, vegetable oils, steroid and sulfur. The test materials were applied to one ear canal of rabbits for 6 weekdays for 2 weeks. The results were as follows: l. Among the 14 cosmetic ingredients, no comedogenicity was shown in propylene glycol and petrolatum, mild comedogencity in squalene, acetylated lanolin, polyethylene glycol, cetyl aIcohol and Tween 80. Propylene glycol, sodium lauryl sulfate and oleic acid showed moderate comedogenicity. Severe comedogenicity was observed in myristyl myristate, isopropyl myristate, butyl stearate and myristyl lactate. 2. Moderate to severe comedogenicity was shown in olive oil, sesame oil and corn oil and moderate comedogenicity in sulfur (8%) and betamethasone dipropionate (0.06%) R. Histopathologic grading were paralleled the findings of the naked eye.
Betamethasone ; Corn Oil ; Ear Canal ; Lactic Acid ; Lanolin ; Myristic Acid ; Olea ; Oleic Acid ; Petrolatum ; Plant Oils ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Polysorbates ; Propylene Glycol ; Rabbits ; Sesame Oil ; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ; Squalene ; Sulfur ; Olive Oil

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intention among male nurses in South Korea. METHODS: Data were collected in May, 2013 and a total of 150 male hospital nurses participated in this study. Job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intention were measured using a structured questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 20.0 for windows. RESULTS: There were statistically significant correlations between job satisfaction and organizational commitment (r=.74, p<.001), job satisfaction and turnover intention (r=-.56, p<.001), and organizational commitment and turnover intention (r=-.69, p< .001). There was a statistically significant difference in job satisfaction of participants according to education, work unit, and salary. Organizational commitment showed significant difference according to age, education, work unit, and salary. Turnover intention was significantly different according to duration of employment in the hospital, and salary. The most influential factor for turnover intention was organizational commitment (beta=-.69, p<.001). This factor accounted for 47.8% of the variance in turnover intention. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that to reduce turnover intention for men in nursing, it is necessary to increase job satisfaction, and organizational commitment.
Education ; Employment ; Humans ; Intention* ; Job Satisfaction* ; Korea ; Male ; Nurses, Male* ; Nursing ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits

The surgical intervention for secondary developmental cervical spinal stenosis that results in myelopathy and radiculopathy has been modified by technical improvement to obtain more reliable enlargement of the cervical spinal canal. The authours have experienced good results with the modified open door expansive laminoplasty, so we report this article. The patients were treated by surgical intervention during the period from October 1989 to February 1991. The results obtained were as follows : 1) The average age was 54.7 years, and the sex distribution ratio of female to male was 2 : 8. 2) In clinical symptoms and symptoms of both myelopathy and radiculopathy. 3) In morphological analysis of lesions, all patients except one case had lesions over 3 levels, The lesions were spondylosis, spondylosis combined with soft disc herniation, spondylosis combined with OPLL, spondylosis combined with OPLL and soft disc herniation, OPLL and OYL in the order of frequency. 4) The operation method was as follows : after the patient was positioned in modified Concorde position, open door lamina was anchored to faced joint capsule and surrounding tissue with nylon sutures. And then the raw epidural space was covered with Lyodura by the modified Hirabayashi method. By this method, reclosure of widened spinal canal was prevented. 5) The outcomes were evaluated by JOA score difference between preoperation and post operation times. The outcome of recovery rate was 100% in five cases. Therewere no aggravated or unimproved cases. The results were excellent 8 cases, good 1 case, unchanged 0 case, poor 0 case and expired 1 case.
Epidural Space ; Female ; Humans ; Joint Capsule ; Male ; Nylons ; Radiculopathy ; Sex Distribution ; Spinal Canal ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; Spinal Stenosis* ; Spondylosis ; Sutures

No abstract available.
Anemia, Hypoplastic, Congenital*

Congenital Hyperextension of the Knee is a extremly rare deformity, in which the tibia is displaced anteriorly in relation to the femur. It is usually classified into three subtypes according to severity of the status: genu recurvatum, subluxation and dislocation. (Curtis and Fisher) We experienced a genu recurvatum type of congenital hyperextension of the knee in June, 1976.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Dislocations ; Femur ; Knee ; Tibia

Congenital atresia of left main coronary ostium is a rare congenital coronary anomaly. This anomaly was detected during elective coronary angiogram in a 40 year-old female patient with chest pain and exertional dyspnea. Treadmill exercise test demonstrated 2 mm upslope depression of ST segment at stage I and the test was terminated due to chest pain. Myocardial stress SPECT using 201 Tl-dipyridamole showed reversible perfusion defects at anterior, apex and lateral wall. It was impossible to select left coronary artery ostium and right coronary angiogram revealed 30% eccentric stenosis at proximal right coronary artery with grade 3 collateral flow to left anterior descending and circumflex arteries. Operative finding revealed totally occluded left coronary ostium with membrane-like, non-atheromatous tissue similar to aortic wall. The patient was successfully treated with coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG) using left internal mammary artery and great saphenous vein. She underwent follow-up coronary angiogram, which revealed patent grafts, at one year after CABG and no cardiovascular event was observed on 5-year clinical follow-up.
Adult ; Arteries ; Chest Pain ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Coronary Vessels ; Depression ; Dyspnea ; Exercise Test ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mammary Arteries ; Perfusion ; Saphenous Vein ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; Transplants

Variant angina is characterized by episodic angina due to spasm of an epicardial coronary artery at rest and concomitant transient ST elevation on electrocardiogram. While long-term survival of coronary spasm is usually excellent, but serious complications can be developed such as disabling pain, myocardial infarction, ventricular tachyarrhythmias, atrioventricular block and sudden cardiac death. We experienced 40 year-old man with intractable chest pain due to coronary artery spasm, who suffered from ventricular fibrillation and acute anterior myocardial infarction at the first admission. The patient underwent coronary angiogram, which revealed spontaneous focal spasm at the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). He was treated by the combination of nitrate and calcium channel blocker. However, he complained of severe chest pain despite intensive medical therapy and visited emergency room 5 times during 8-month follow-up. We performed ergonovine coronary angiogram and intracoronary ultrasound, which revealed focal spasm at same site of proximal LAD with small amount of localized eccentric atheromatous plaque. Thus we placed coronary artery stent (3.0 x 24 mm GFX stent) at proximal LAD and his symptom was resolved after stenting. We performed follow-up coronary angiogram at 9 months after stenting and stent was patent without any stent recoil and in-stent restenosis.
Adult ; Atrioventricular Block ; Calcium Channels ; Chest Pain ; Coronary Vessels ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Electrocardiography ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Ergonovine ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; Spasm* ; Stents* ; Tachycardia ; Ultrasonography ; Ventricular Fibrillation