No abstract available.
Herpesvirus 4, Human*

No abstract available.
Antibodies, Monoclonal* ; Herpesvirus 4, Human* ; Humans* ; Tetanus Toxoid* ; Tetanus*

No abstract available.
Adaptive Immunity ; Animals ; Cell Line* ; Rats*

PURPOSE: This exploratory study aims to identify various factors influencing the rehabilitation nursing competencies (RNC) of nurses in various types of health institutes. METHODS: The researcher developed a questionnaire consisting of 45 items based on the ARN rehabilitation nursing competency model. Subjects were 434 nurses working at general hospitals, long-term care facilities, or community health centers. RESULTS: Nurses' RNC were significantly higher among those who have higher levels of education, receive continuing education in rehabilitation nursing, and practice more frequently in rehabilitation nursing. Age and duration of nursing career were significant only for interprofessional care domain. General hospital nurses scored highest in every domain while nurses working at long-term care facilities scored lowest in every domain. Multiple regression analysis showed that practicing daily or more than twice per week in rehabilitation nursing, achieving master's degree or higher, and working at long-term care facilities were statistically significant factors with RNC. These factors explained 31.1% of the total variability in RNC in this sample. CONCLUSION: Currently, there is no official certification program for rehabilitation nurse practitioners in South Korea. The results of this study would be useful in developing RNC training programs for Korean nurses, and provide strong evidence for necessity of certified rehabilitation nurse specialists.
Academies and Institutes ; Certification ; Community Health Centers ; Education ; Education, Continuing ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Korea ; Long-Term Care ; Nurse Practitioners ; Nursing ; Rehabilitation Nursing* ; Rehabilitation* ; Specialization

No abstract available.
Retina* ; Uveitis*

No abstract available.
Retina* ; Uveitis*

No abstract available.
Dermatitis*

PURPOSE: In order to investigate the incidence of relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) in normal adolescence and if there is any interocular difference in the case with RAPD. METHODS: Fifty-eight adolescence in 14 to 36 years of age who showed normal findings on measurement of visual acuity, intraocular pressure, slit lamp examination, and funduscopic examination except refractive errors underwent swinging flashlight test and infrared pupillography. The case with RAPD further underwent optical coherence tomography, color vision test, Humphrey visual field test, and Bryngelson test (hole-in-the-card test). RESULTS: One out of 58 cases, in whom more pronounced myopic astigmatism and lower mean deviation on Humphrey visual field test within normal limits were found, showed RAPD in the dominant right eye with swinging flashlight test and infrared pupillography. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of RAPD in normal adolescence was 1.7%. Myopic astigmatism was higher in the eye with RAPD.
Adolescent ; Astigmatism ; Color Vision ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intraocular Pressure ; Pupil Disorders* ; Refractive Errors ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Visual Acuity ; Visual Field Tests

OBJECTIVE: To determine the ability of MR imaging to detect the pathological changes occurring in radiofrequency (RF) thermal lesions and to assess its accuracy in revealing the extent of tissue necrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using an RF electrode, thermal lesions were created in the livers of 18 rabbits. The procedure involved three phases. In the acute phase, six animals were killed the day after performing thermal ablation with RF energy, and two on day 3. In the subacute and chronic phases, eight rabbits underwent percutaneous hepatic RF ablation. After performing MR imaging, two animals were sacrificed at 1, 2, 4, and 7 weeks after the procedure, and MR-pathologic correlation was performed. RESULTS: In the acute phase, the thermal ablation lesions appeared at gross examination as well-circumscribed, necrotic areas, representing early change in the coagulative necrosis seen at microscopic examination. They were hypointense on T2-weighted images, and hyperintense on T1-weighted images. Gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging showed that a thin hyperemic rim surrounded the central coagulative necrosis. In the subacute phase, ablated lesions also showed extensive coagulative necrosis and marked inflammation at microscopic examination. Beyond two weeks, the lesions showed gradual resorption of the necrotic area, with a peripheral fibrovascular rim. The size of lesions measured by MR imaging correlated well with the findings at gross pathologic examination. CONCLUSION: MR imaging effectively demonstrates the histopathological tissue change occurring after thermal ablation, and accurately determines the extent of the target area.
Animal ; *Catheter Ablation ; Liver/*pathology/*surgery ; *Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Rabbits

BACKGROUND: Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) transplantation has been widely used as a substitute of bone marrow transplantation in patients with hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. Because, PBSC harvest by serial daily apheresis procedure is expensive and time consuming, it is important to determine the best time to start the collection for reducing the number of apheresis procedure. We analyzed our experiences of PBSC collections and evaluated the preapheresis hematologic parameters that may predict the PBSC yields. METHODS: One hundred seventy six PBSC harvests from seventy cancer patients (median age : 32 yrs; fourty five males and twenty five females) were performed using our large volume leukapheresis protocol (total blood volume processed : over three total blood volume) after chemotherapy and infusion of G-CSF. Peripheral blood obtained immediately before the start of apheresis was analyzed for total WBC, mononuclear cell (MNC), and CD34+ cell counts. Total WBC, MNC, and CD34+ cell count were performed on selected samples of PBSC from each patient before freezing for determining the PBSC yields. Linear regression analysis was performed on logarithmized data whether preapheresis WBC, MNC, and CD34+ cell counts on the day of harvest in the peripheral blood might correlate well with the PBSC yield, respectively. RESLUTS: With the use of linear regression analysis, preapheresis WBC counts and MNC counts were not correlated significantly with the CD34+ cell yield in PBSC harvests (WBC/microliter in PB vs. CD34+ cell/kg in harvests, r=0.35, p=0.10; MNC/microliter in PB vs. CD34+ cells/kg in harvests, r=0.42, p=0.07). But the CD34+ cell count (CD34+ cells/microliter in peripheral blood) correlated most closely with the progenitor cell yield in the corresponding leukapheresis product (CD34+ cells/kg body weight, r=0.75, p<0.001). A number of 20 circulating CD34+ cells/microliter blood ensured 2.0 x 106 CD34+ cells/kg, that is known to be a threshold dose for rapid hematologic recovery, and the best time for the collection on the same day by a single leukapheresis in more than 85% cases. CONCLUSIONS: The number of CD34+ cells/microliter blood allows a reliable prediction of the CD34+ progenitor cell yield in subsequent leukapheresis procedure, while WBC and MNC counts did not predict the progenitor cell yield. A level of more than 20 CD34+ cells/microliter indicates that the threshold quantity of 2.0 x 106 CD34+ cells/kg is likely to be obtained by a single leukapheresis processing 15~20 liters of peripheral blood.
Blood Component Removal ; Blood Volume ; Body Weight ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Cell Count* ; Drug Therapy ; Freezing ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Hematologic Neoplasms ; Humans ; Leukapheresis ; Linear Models ; Male ; Stem Cells*