BACKGROUND: Although diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) is a well-established, reliably objective method of diagnosis of intraperitoneal injury, it is too sensitive to be used as a absolute indicator for emergency laparotomy. Recently, Otomo et al, have devised a new DPL criteria specifically designed and modified the classics criteria to aid in diagnosis of intestinal injury. So the author studied the difference of diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy between the new and classic criteria for intestinal injury. METHODS: The author reviewed retrospectively one hundred fifteen patients underwent DPL from January 1993 to August 1999. The author adopted the classic criteria positive for intestinal injury when the lavage fluid was white blood cell(WBC) > or = 500/mm3 and newly developed supplementary criteria positive when RBC > or = 100,000/mm3, the positive-negative borderline was adjusted to WBC > or = RBC/150, and when RBC <100,000/mm3, to WBC > or = 500/mm3. And analyzed the difference of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy each other. RESULTS: Among 115 patients, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for intestinal injury were 96.4%, 87.4%, and 89.6% for the new criteria, and 100%, 42.5%, and 56.5% for the classic criteria. After exclusion of 10 patients in whom-DPL was performed within 3 hours or after 18 hours from the time of injury, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for intestinal injury were 96.4%, 97.4%, and 97.1% for the new criteria, and 100%, 46.8%, and 61% for the classic criteria. When analyzed the time interval from injury to DPL in the new criteria, 105 patients that DPL was performed between 3 to 18 hours had 2 false-positive, while 115 patients regardless of DPL time 11 false-positive. CONCLUSIONS : The author concluded that the new criteria of DPL effluent performed between 3 to 18 hours from abdominal blunt trauma would be more specific and accurate indicator of intestinal perforation than the classic criteria. And this new criteria will be used as a reliable indicator for emergency laparotomy for that patients.
Diagnosis ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Intestinal Perforation ; Laparotomy ; Peritoneal Lavage* ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Therapeutic Irrigation

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with acute glufosinate ammonium (GLA) poisoning and investigate the indicators associated with the severity of neurotoxicity in GLA-poisoned patients. Methods: We retrospectively collected the data of patients who were admitted due to GLA poisoning from 2018 to 2022, to gather the factors that could influence neurologic outcomes. These outcomes were estimated based on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores at admission, the worst GCS score during impaired consciousness, the GCS score at discharge, and the presence and duration of seizures. Results: Among the 67 GLA-poisoned patients, the average GCS score at admission was 13.8±2.6 points, the worst GCS score recorded was 11.2±3.5 points, and the GCS score at discharge was 13.7±2.9 points. The factors significantly influencing the GCS score at the initial admission included respiration rate, saturation, white blood cell count, and pH (P=0.037, P=0.005, P=0.021, and P=0.001, respectively). Factors affecting the worst GCS score included age, diastolic blood pressure, platelet count, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and pH (P=0.001, P=0.016, P=0.015, P=0.002, and P<0.001, respectively). The GCS score at discharge exhibited significant correlations with age, BUN, and pH (P<0.001, P<0.001, and P=0.011, respectively). The average age of the patients who experienced seizures after GLA poisoning was significantly higher at 75.1±12.9 years compared to that of patients without seizures (mean age, 65.0±15.2 years; P=0.006). Additionally, the average bicarbonate level was lower in patients with seizures, measuring 19.0±4.7 mmol/L, when compared with that of patients without seizures (average, 21.4±4.3 mmol/L; P=0.045). Conclusion The elderly, metabolic acidosis, and elevated BUN could serve as good indicators for adverse neurological outcomes in GLA-poisoned patients.

Objective: This study aimed to clarify the relationship between several viral infections and clinical features of febrile seizures. The clinical expression pattern was determined according to the virus. Methods: Data were collected on patients who visited the emergency room with febrile seizures from March 2016 to February 2019. The clinical characteristics of seizures and the clinical differences between each respiratory viral infection were analyzed. The severity of febrile seizures was measured by checking complex febrile seizures and electroencephalogram abnormalities. Results: Of the 227 febrile convulsions, 138 (60.8%) were men, and 89 (39.2%) were women. Sixty-five patients (28.6%) had a family history of febrile seizure, 68 (30.0%) had complex seizures, and 13 (7.1%) had electroencephalogram (EEG) abnormalities. Of the 13 respiratory viruses examined, rhinoviruses were detected more significantly in 63 patients (32.4%), but there was no significant difference when comparing the rate of febrile seizure among patients with fever. There were no significant differences in the clinical features, such as body temperature, duration, and complex seizure. In addition, each virus showed a similar incidence of EEG abnormalities. Conclusion No significant difference in the clinical features and objective examination according to the virus were observed, and the tendency of developing febrile seizures is similar.

Objective: This study aimed to clarify the relationship between several viral infections and clinical features of febrile seizures. The clinical expression pattern was determined according to the virus. Methods: Data were collected on patients who visited the emergency room with febrile seizures from March 2016 to February 2019. The clinical characteristics of seizures and the clinical differences between each respiratory viral infection were analyzed. The severity of febrile seizures was measured by checking complex febrile seizures and electroencephalogram abnormalities. Results: Of the 227 febrile convulsions, 138 (60.8%) were men, and 89 (39.2%) were women. Sixty-five patients (28.6%) had a family history of febrile seizure, 68 (30.0%) had complex seizures, and 13 (7.1%) had electroencephalogram (EEG) abnormalities. Of the 13 respiratory viruses examined, rhinoviruses were detected more significantly in 63 patients (32.4%), but there was no significant difference when comparing the rate of febrile seizure among patients with fever. There were no significant differences in the clinical features, such as body temperature, duration, and complex seizure. In addition, each virus showed a similar incidence of EEG abnormalities. Conclusion No significant difference in the clinical features and objective examination according to the virus were observed, and the tendency of developing febrile seizures is similar.

The study was the clinical analysis of 509 patients with pure ocular injuries who visited to Chonnam University Hospital Emergency center from July 1, 1996 to June 30, 1997 retrospectively. Clinical data survey including sex and age distribution, causes of trauma, injury site, ocular disease, and surgical intervention was done. Most of ocular injury patients were male. 3rd and 4th decade who were socially active were nearly 50%. Direct and indirect injury from foreign body was the most common cause of ocular injuries followed by fist blow, traffic accident, falling down, and sport injury. Cornea was the most common ocular injury site (209 patients, 41.1%). The incidence of the traumatic ocular disease showed corneal erosion (117 patients, 22.9%) and then eyeball perforation, traumatic hyphema etc. by frequency of order. Eyeball perforation was the most common ocular injury which needed a emergency surgical intervention. As a results, emergency physicians have to pay attention to the cornea in case of any type of ocular injuries and eyeball perforation which caused by direct and indirect injury from foreign body.
Accidents, Traffic ; Age Distribution ; Cornea ; Emergencies ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Hyphema ; Incidence ; Jeollanam-do ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Sports

Estimation of an individual's age has received considerable attention in forensic science. Several methods have been described, and abundant results have been obtained and evaluated. Among the numerous methods for dental age prediction in adults, the progressive diminution of the coronal pulp cavity and dental attrition have been primarily used. Although the reliability of age estimation methods using teeth has been demonstrated, correlation between methods has not been reported. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate concurrence between Drusini's methods. We reanalyzed the age of 107 patients (64 male, 43 female) using Drusini's method. The ages had been previously estimated as ranging from 24 to 69 years using Takei's method. Our results revealed a strong correlation between the two methods (r=0.762) and suggest both methods to be suitable for application in Korean individuals younger than 50 years old. A previous study has shown Takei's and Drusini's methods to be reliable for forensic purposes. The strong correlation between the two methods in the present study suggests that it would be reasonable to use the most appropriate method for age estimation dependent on oral state.
Adult* ; Age Determination by Teeth ; Forensic Dentistry ; Forensic Sciences ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Matched-Pair Analysis ; Tooth ; Tooth Attrition

Schwannomas are benign tumors derived from the Schwann cells of the nerve sheath. These are rare tumors that can be found in any part of the body although fewer than 4% of these tumors involve the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Here, we present three cases of sinonasal schwannoma. The tumor masses were removed by endoscopic excision under general anesthesia. Pathological examination of the excised specimens confirmed schwannoma and the tumor cells were immunoreactive for S-100 protein. The patients are doing well with no evidence of recurrence.
Anesthesia, General ; Humans ; Nasal Cavity ; Neurilemmoma ; Nose ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Recurrence ; S100 Proteins ; Schwann Cells

Squamous papilloma is a benign epithelial tumor that can develop in any mucosal site of the upper aerodigestive tract. While this tumor is found mainly in the squamocilliary junction, its distribution does not occur randomly. However, in many cases, squamous papilloma is asymptomatic, and only a small number of cases are diagnosed. We experienced a patient presented with the complaint of snoring. This patient was diagnosed as having squamous papilloma of the soft plate on the nasopharyngeal surface. The patient might have been misdiagnosed as having merely a simple snoring problem, as nothing was found upon macroscopic examination. Nevertheless, squamous papilloma was detected through fiberoptic nasopharyngolaryngoscopy. This patient was successfully treated with laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty, and we report this case, along with the associated literature.
Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; Palate, Soft ; Papilloma ; Snoring

No abstract available.
Multiple System Atrophy ; Respiratory Sounds*

PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to quantitatively estimate the degree of the damage and recovery of the irradiated rat condylar cartilage using the Image Analyzer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Experimental animals were 16 male rats of the Sprague-Dawley strain at the age of 20 day irradiated with the dose of 10 Gy in their head and neck region. Four rats were sacrificed at the each of the
Animals ; Cartilage* ; Extracellular Matrix ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Mandibular Condyle* ; Neck ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tolonium Chloride