PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of work engagement (WE) on organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) and ability to control career commitment (CC) in the relationship between work engagement and OCB. METHODS: Data were collected using structured self-report questionnaires from 205 nurses currently working at three national hospitals. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis using the SPSS 21.0 program. RESULTS: Mean scores for each variable were: WE 3.77 (on a 7-point scale), OCB 3.41 (on a 5-point scale), and CC 3.05 (on a 5-point scale). As a result, comparison showed that all research variables were higher with age, OCB was higher with total clinical career, and CC was higher with higher education level. Total clinical career, WE and CC had a significant effect on OCB, and CC had a moderate effect on work engagement and OCB. These variables had a total explanatory power of 38% for OCB. CONCLUSION: The nurses' WE had a positive effect on OCB, and the CC showed a moderating effect on the relationship between WE and OCB. Therefore, we suggest that CC is an important factor in improving nurses' OCB.
Education

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: Korea is an endemic area of viral hepatitis B with a rate of 5~10% carrier state. Therefore, hepatitis B vaccination is performed nationwide. But 5~15% of healthy individuals fail to respond adequately to the vaccine and an approved guideline for the nonresponders has not been developed yet. This study is designed to identify risk factors for those who lack anti-HBs after hepatitis B vaccination and to document the results of a double-dose revaccination in such nonresponders to the primary vaccination. METHODS: From Feb. 1996 to Aug, 1997, we assessed 51 healthy subjects(HBs Ag negative, anti-HBs negative, anti-HBc negative and a normal LFT). All subjects were vaccinated with Hepavax- B, 1.0ml, 24 by a rapid schedule(0, 1, and 2 months) and 27 by a standard schedule(0, 1, and 6 months). Anti-HBs titers were evaluated 3 months after the third vaccine and assessed the nonre-sponders (anti-HBs titer<2mIu/ml) and the hyporesponders(2~10mK/ml). All 13 nonresponders were revaccinated with 2ml of Hepavax-B 3 months after the primary vaccination. Anti-HBs titers were evaluated 1 month later. RESULTS: The differences in age(p<0.01) and smoking amount(p<0.05) between the responders and the hypo and the nonresponders were statistically significant. There were more males and higher body mass index in the hypo and the nonresponders but not statistically significant. The seroconversion rate after the double-dose vaccination was 92.3%(12/13) with an average titer of 5K08mlU/ ml(1-132.4mIU/ml). CONCLUSIONS: Increase in age and smoking amount were the risk factors of the nonresponders after the primary vaccination. Most of the hypo and the nonresponders to the primary vaccination responded adequately to the double-dose revaccination.
Body Mass Index ; Carrier State ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Immunization, Secondary* ; Korea ; Male ; Risk Factors* ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Vaccination

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress is important in both diabetic complications and the development and the progression of type 2 diabetes via the effects on the pancreatic beta-cells. EGCG (epigallocatechin galleate), a major constituent of green tea, has been known to have beneficial effects on various diseases through the mechanisms of antioxidant and cell signaling modulation. But, very small numbers of studies were published about the direct effects of EGCG on the pancreatic beta cell lines. We performed this study to see the protective effect of EGCG on pancreatic beta cell line under H2O2 and the mechanisms of this phenomenon. METHODS: We used INS-1 cells and hydrogen peroxide as an oxidative stressor. Their viabilities were verified by MTT assay and FACS. The activity of glutathione peroxidase was assessed by total glutathione quantification kit. Western blot and semi-quantitative RT-PCR for the catalase, SOD (superoxide dismutase), PI3K and Akt were performed. Functional status of INS-1 cells was tested by GSIS (glucose stimulated insulin secretion). RESULTS: The biological effects of EGCG were different according to its concentrations. 10 micrometer EGCG effectively protected hydrogen peroxide induced damage in INS-1 cells. The expression and the activity of SOD, catalase and the glutathione peroxidase were significantly increased by EGCG. EGCG significantly increased PI3K and Akt activity and its effect was inhibited partially by wortmannin. GSIS was well preserved by EGCG. CONCLUSION: EGCG in low concentration effectively protected INS-1 cells from the oxidative stress through the activation of both antioxidant systems and anti-apoptosis signaling. Further studies will be necessary for the more detailed mechanisms and the clinical implications.
Androstadienes ; Blotting, Western ; Catalase ; Diabetes Complications ; Glutathione ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; Insulin ; Insulin-Secreting Cells ; Oxidative Stress ; Tea

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Off-thyroxine serum thyroglobulin (Tg) level is important to predict metastatic disease (MD) in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC); however, it is unclear whether a single off-thyroxine Tg level is sufficient for predicting MD. In this study, we determined whether serial measurement of off-thyroxine serum Tg level can predict metastasis in PTC patients after total thyroidectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We enrolled 140 PTC patients in whom serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and Tg levels were measured 7 days before radio-iodine (RAI) treatment (TSHA and TgA) and on the day of RAI treatment (TSHB and TgB) with withholding L-thyroxine for 4 weeks before RAI treatment. The values of TSHinc (TSHB-TSHA) and Tginc (TgB-TgA), Tgratio (TgB/TgA), Tginc/TSHinc and Tgratio/TSHinc were calculated. Tginc/TSHinc and Tgratio/TSHinc were tested if those parameters can predict MD in patients with TSHA>30 microIU/mL and TgA<10 ng/mL. RESULTS: Forty-four patients had MD and 96 had no evidence of MD (non-MD). MD group showed higher levels of TgA, TgB, Tginc, Tginc/TSHinc and Tgratio/TSHinc compared with non-MD group. A significant correlation was found between TSHinc and Tgratio (r=0.669) in MD group. In 43 patients with TSHA>30 microIU/mL and TgA<10 ng/mL (MD, 9; non-MD, 34), both Tginc/TSHinc (100%) and Tgratio/TSHinc (89%) had higher sensitivities for predicting MD than TgB (78%). CONCLUSION: With the increment in serum Tg corrected for the increment in serum TSH, serial measurements of off-thyroxine serum TSH and Tg levels can help predict PTC metastasis.
Factor IX ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Thyroglobulin ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Thyroidectomy ; Thyrotropin ; Thyroxine

Pityriasis rotunda is an unusual disease characterized by perfectly circular or oval-shaped dyschromic patches with a scaling surface. Histologically, the lesions resemble those of ichthyosis vulgaris. They typically involve the abdomen, the trunk and extremities. The etiology of the disease remains unknown. Pityriasis rotunda has been most commonly associated with tuberculosis, nonlymphoproliferative neoplasms such as hepatocellular carcinoma and gastric carcinoma, and malnutrition. Rarely, hepatic cirrhosis, leprosy, endometriosis, and familial G6PD deficiency can be associated with pityriasis rotunda. We describe here a patient with pityriasis rotunda associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. Pityriasis rotunda can be a presenting sign of hepatocellular carcinoma in the setting of chronic liver cirrhosis.
Abdomen ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Endometriosis ; Extremities ; Female ; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency ; Humans ; Ichthyosis Vulgaris ; Leprosy ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Malnutrition ; Pityriasis* ; Tuberculosis

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans

Since 1976, 938 cases of E.R.C.P. were performed at the Kwangju Christian Hospital & since December 1981, 19 cases of Endoscopic papillotomy(E.P.T.) were performed, following Results were obtained: 1) Out of 19 cases which were diagnosed by E.R.C.P.; 17 cases of C.B.D. stones, 1 case of ascaris in bile duct, 1 case of remained C.B.D. stone diagnosed by T-tube cholangiogram after operation, & E.P.T. was done in total 19 casees. 2) During 1st E.P.T., 2 cases were removed by Dormia basket under direct visualization & during 2nd E.P.T., 5 cases were removed by Dormia basket under direct visulization & 12 cases were passed in stool & 3x3.5cm large stone passage was found. 3) Complications of E.P.T. were noted in 2 cases: 1 case of bleeding was treated by blood transfusion & 1 case of Acute pancreatitis was treated by medical care.
Ascaris ; Bile Ducts ; Blood Transfusion ; Common Bile Duct* ; Gwangju ; Hemorrhage ; Pancreatitis ; Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic*

No abstract available.
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13 ; Vitiligo*

No abstract available.
Radionuclide Imaging*