1.Sonographic Prediction of Fetal Weight of the Macrosomia and Its Outcome.
Jeong Hoon HAN ; Kyo Hoon PARK ; hyeok LEE ; Yong Kyoon CHO ; Hoon CHOI ; Bok Rin KIM ; Hong Kyoon LEE
Korean Journal of Perinatology 1999;10(3):367-374
OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to assess the efficacy of routine ultrasonographic prediction of macrosomic fetal weight, to determine its influences on subsequent delivery type and to assess perinatal outcome by delivery type. METHODS: The hospital records of 177 patients delivered infants weighing > or =4000gm between January 1997 and December 1998 were reviewed. Statistical comparisons were made between patients in whom fetal macrosomia was predicted before delivery(n=71) and those in whom it was not(n=106) and between the perinatal outcomes for macrosomic fetuses delivered vaginally and by cesarean section. The statistical analysis was performed by student-t test, and Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: The fetuses were consecutive singleton fetuses in vertex presentation delivered at a single institute. The sensitivity for identifying macrosomic fetus(birth weight >4000gm) with an estimated weight of > or =4000gm was 40%, Overall 60% of the infants had birth weights within 10% of the ultrasonographic estimates and 29% had birth weights within 5% of the ultrasonographic estimates. Cesarean sections were performed in 69% of the 'predicted' group and in 35% of the 'not predicted' group(69% vs 35%, p<0.0001, Fisher's exact test). Predicated group were more likely to be performed by elective cesarean section(48% vs 19%, p<0.0001, Fisher's exact test) and more like due to failed progress at<4cm cervical dilatation(27% vs 7%, p<0.05, Fisher's exact test). The proportion of patients delivered by cesarean section for failed progress at > or =4cm cervical dilatation was similar in the predicted and not predicted groups(19% vs 12%, NS). There was no significant difference in the incidences of the occurrence of birth trauma. CONCLUSION: There appears to be a limitation to obtain estimation of fetal weight by ultrasonography. The antenatal prediction of fetal macrosomia is associated with a marked increase in cesarean deliveries without a significant reduction in the incidence of fetal injury
Birth Weight
;
Cesarean Section
;
Female
;
Fetal Macrosomia
;
Fetal Weight*
;
Fetus
;
Hospital Records
;
Humans
;
Incidence
;
Infant
;
Labor Stage, First
;
Parturition
;
Pregnancy
;
Ultrasonography*
2.The Effect of Epidural Anesthesia on Labor Course.
Kyo Hoon PARK ; Hong Kyoon LEE ; Hyeok LEE ; Jeong Hoon HAN ; Yong Kyoon CHO ; Hoon CHOI ; Bok Rin KIM
Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1999;42(11):2525-2530
OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluate the effect of epidural anesthesia on labor course. METHODS: Between January 1998 and December 1998, we evaluated pregnant women at term with singleton fetus in vertex presentation and with spontaneous onset of labor at our hospital. Comparison of 120 women (100 cases of primiparous women, 20 cases of multiparous women) who received epidural anesthesia in labor with 120 women (100 cases of primiparous women, 20 cases of multiparous women) who did not receive epidural anesthesia was performed. Adverse pregnancy outcomes were obtained from hospital delivery records and neonatal records. Statistical analysis were performed by Student's t-test and Chi square test. RESULTS: The results of this study were as followings; 1. There was no significant difference in mean age, body weight, height, and gestational age between epidural anesthesia group and control group (P>0.05). 2. The frequency of oxytocin augmentation was significantly greater in the primiparous epidural anesthetic group than in primiparous control group (p<0.05). 3. The effect of epidural anesthesia on the first stage of labor revealed no significant difference in both group. 4. Prolongation of second stage of labor was noticed in nullipara of epidural anesthesia group compared to control group (p<0.05). 5. The incidence of instrumental delivery was significantly increased in the primiparous epidural group than in the primiparous control group(p<0.05). 6. The meconium-stained amnionic fluid, Apgar score and birth weight were similar in both groups. 7. The maternal blood loss was similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: Epidural anesthesia, significantly prolongs second stage of labor in induced patients. While instrumental delivery was more prevalent in these parturients, C-section rate and intra-partum complications were not increased in these patients.
Amnion
;
Anesthesia, Epidural*
;
Apgar Score
;
Birth Weight
;
Body Weight
;
Female
;
Fetus
;
Gestational Age
;
Humans
;
Incidence
;
Oxytocin
;
Pregnancy
;
Pregnancy Outcome
;
Pregnant Women
3.Treatment of palatal fistula using tongue flap.
Jeong Cheol KIM ; Ki ll UHM ; Duck Kyoon AHN ; Ing Gon KIM ; Jai Mann LEW
Journal of the Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons 1998;25(4):587-592
Primary treatment of cleft palate should result in an intact palate with separation of the oral and nasal cavities. However, the published reports of large series indicate that palatal fistula present in operated cleft palate of a small but significant groups of patients. Even in the best hands, a palatal fistula of the operated cleft palate may reoccur postoperatively. Various methods of repair including local mucosal flaps have been employed to date, but fistula repair is extremely difficult because the operative field is limited by scar formation around the palatal fistula, making wound healing unsatisfactory. In such cases, a tongue flap is commonly indicated. From May of 1991 to May of 1996, among 19 patients with palatal fistula in operated cleft palate, 11 patients were operated by anteriorly-based tongue flap. All patients were followed up for at least 6 months, with mean follow up of 18 months. Among 12 cases of 11 patients included in this study, 11 flaps survived and did not recur during follow up periods. One complication was seen in the first case. In this case, there was a flap detachment from the recipient site on the 3rd postoperative day, but he was treated successfully at a subsequent operation. There have been no problems with feeding and communication until the pedicle is cut, and no patient experienced problems either with alteration in speech or with disturbance of taste sensation following surgery. In conclusion, this study shows that the anteriorly-based tongue flap is a safe and reliable technique for closure of large palatal fistula.
Cicatrix
;
Cleft Palate
;
Fistula*
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Hand
;
Humans
;
Nasal Cavity
;
Palate
;
Sensation
;
Tongue*
;
Wound Healing
4.Fluconazole Therapy for 5 cases of Cryptococcal Meningitis.
Jeong Yeon KIM ; Seung Han SUK ; Kyoon HUH
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 1994;12(2):358-362
Cryptococcal meningitis is a relatively common central nervous system infection by Cryptococcus neoformans. Before the introduction of amphotericin B in 1956, cryptococcal infection of the central nervous system had been almost uniformly fatal. Although amphotericin B(alone or in combination with flucytosine) has been the standard therapeutic regimen, problems such as modest efficacy, nephrotoxcity, other clinically significant toxicities, and the inconvinience of intravenous dosing have led to search for a new antimycotic agents. Fluconazole is a new therapeutic agent which is effective as amphoterin B. Accumulating evidence suggests that the antifungal triazole fluconazole represent an advance in the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis, particulary in acquired immunodeficiency syndrom patients. Thus we report clinical experiences of fluconazole therapy for 5 cases of cryptococcal meningitis. Four of 5 patients are improved clinically and microbiologically, 1 of 5 patients is expired due to concomittent tuberculous infection.
Amphotericin B
;
Central Nervous System
;
Central Nervous System Infections
;
Cryptococcus neoformans
;
Fluconazole*
;
HMGB1 Protein
;
Humans
;
Meningitis, Cryptococcal*
5.Characteristics of Sleep Pattern among Korean College Students.
Seog Ju KIM ; In Kyoon LYOO ; Chang Yeon WON ; Do Un JEONG
Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology 2006;13(1):15-21
INTRODUNTION: The objective of the present study was to investigate bedtime, rise time and time-in-bed of Korean college students, separately on weekday and on weekend and to compare them. In addition, this study also aimed to evaluate the influence of gender, age and grade on the above sleep parmeters in Korean college students. METHODS: Information regarding bedtime and rise time, separately on weekday and on weekend, of Korean college students were obtained by self-administered questionnaire. Questionnaires of 1,825 students (1,416 females and 409 males, age 18-30 ; mean age 21.1+/-2.2) were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: Korean college students retired to bed 50 minutes later (00 : 49 on weekday ; 01 : 40 on weekend ; t=39.67, p<0.001), rose 1 hour 58 minutes later (07 : 52 on weekday ; 09 : 50 on weekend ; t=39.46, p<0.001), and slept 1 hour 8 minutes longer (t=13.33, p<0.001) on weekend. Compared to male students, female students had earlier rise time (t=8.96, p<0.01 ; t=3.89, p<0.01) and earlier bedtime both on weekday and weekend (t=7.10, p<0.01; t=6.04, p<0.01), and shorter time-in-bed on weekday (t=1.99, p<0.01). In addition, rise time delay and time-in-bed increase on weekend were more prominent in female students than in male students (t=3.41, p<0.01 ; t=3.68, p<0.01). Grade was correlated with bedtime and rise time on weekday (beta=0.1022, p<0.01 ; beta=0.1009, p<0.01), bedtime and time-in-bed on weekend (beta=0.1096, p<0.01 ; beta=-0.0990, p<0.01), and differences between weekday and weekend of the rise time and the time-in-bed (beta=-0.0906, p<0.01 ; beta=-0.1115, p=0.02). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, Korean college students had earlier bedtime/rise time and shorter time-in-bed on weekday than on weekend. These findings suggest that weekday sleep-wake schedule of Korean college students may be advanced relative to their biological sleep-wake cycle and that this discrepancy may be associated with weekday sleep deprivation. In addition, differences of sleep patterns between weekday and weekend were more prominent in female students and students with lower grade. Therefore, discrepancy between weekday sleep-wake schedule and biological sleep-wake cycle, as well as weekday sleep deprivation, might be more serious in female or lower-grade students.
Appointments and Schedules
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Surveys and Questionnaires
;
Sleep Deprivation
6.Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis: Reports of Two Cases
Yon Il KIM ; Soo Kyoon RAH ; Chang Uk CHOI ; Byung Il LEE ; Seog Yeong JEONG
The Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association 1987;22(3):819-824
The slipped capital femoral epiphysis is characterized by a growth disturbance of the capital physi. resulting in weakening of this structure and a subsequent displacement of the femoral head on the fe moral neck. It is a rare entity in Korea and only six cases have been reported so far1-5). One of ou cases was a bilateral mild acute slips in 13 yearold boy which were treated by Hagie pinning. Th other case, a 17 year-old boy, who suffered from a moderate acute on chronic slip in his left hip an showed a typical Pistol grip deformity. He was treated by gentle closed rcduction and Knowles pi fixation with good result.
Congenital Abnormalities
;
Epiphyses
;
Hand Strength
;
Head
;
Hip
;
Humans
;
Korea
;
Male
;
Neck
;
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphyses
7.Multiple Myelographic Defects at Lumbosacral Region and Appropriate Area of Operation
Yon Il KIM ; Soo Kyoon RAH ; Chang Uk CHOI ; Byung Il LEE ; Seog Yeong JEONG
The Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association 1988;23(1):193-203
When the multiple myelographic defects at lumbosacral region are noted, the prudential effort for decision of appropriate area of surgical decompression would be needed. Fifty four patients who had been treated surgically for the deseases, such as HNP and spinal stenosis, from March in 1982 to Feb. In 1987 at Department of Orthopecdic Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, were analyzed in order to define the etiology, the level of the defect, indication for the operation and to assess the results of each level which had been operated. The results of the study were as follows. 1. The number of patients, which the multiple indentations were noted in the myelogrsphy, was 54 cases, 29 spinal stenosis, 15 HNP and 10 mixed types. 2. The most common defect levels in myelography were L3-4 snd L4-5, which were 19 cases (35.2%), the next levels were L4-5 and L5S1, which were 16 cases(29.6%), then L3-4, L4-5 and L5S1 were 7 cases(13%) and the other levels were 12 cases(22.2%). 3. The decision for the sppropriste operation area had not be done following to the size of the myelographic defect, but the clinical symptoms and physicsl exsminations. 4. The results were classified ss excellent or good in 79.7%, which was 80% at two levels snd 79.5% at one level. 5. The operation levels could be decressed for the reducing the spinal instability, operation time and possibility of the dangerous conditions and promotion of early restoration and, ambulation, if the severe differences between the results of one and two operation levels were not seen.
Decompression, Surgical
;
Humans
;
Lumbosacral Region
;
Myelography
;
Spinal Stenosis
;
Walking
8.A Case of the Rhabdomyosarcoma Involving Maxillary Sinus and Orbit.
Kyung Kyoon OH ; Soon Uk KWON ; Yong Jeong KIM ; Ki Hwan KIM
Korean Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 1998;41(10):1335-1338
Recently, the 5-year survival rate of rhabdomyosarcoma has been greatly increased by combining therapy with radical surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. But it still has poor prognosis and there are few case reports of rhabdomyosarcoma of head and neck with long term survival rate. Here, we treated a rhabdomyosarcoma patient with radical surgery, radiation and chemotherpy. The patient visited our hospital in 1990 with a complaint of left facial protruding mass, diplopia and exopthalmos. She was diagnosed as rhabdomyosarcoma involving maxillary sinus and orbit. In september 1990, she received left total maxillectomy and eyeball exentration. After the surgery, we applied a 5000 cGy neutron therapy, 2000 cGy external radiation and 9 cycle pulse, along with VAC chemotherapy. She remains free of disease as of her last follow-up in February 1998.
Diplopia
;
Drug Therapy
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Head
;
Humans
;
Maxillary Sinus*
;
Neck
;
Neutrons
;
Orbit*
;
Prognosis
;
Rhabdomyosarcoma*
;
Survival Rate
9.Morphometric Analysis of the Skull by Moire Contourography.
Duk Soo KIM ; Jeong Sik KO ; Kyung Ho PARK ; Dae Kyoon PARK
Korean Journal of Physical Anthropology 2014;27(3):165-171
The non-metric analysis of the skulls is very useful for estimating sex and determination of ancestry, the accuracy tends to depend on the amount of experiences of the observers, and so inter-observer errors might be happened. Many researchers are trying to find out more objective methods for determination of ancestry. The purpose of this presentation is to show the usefulness of moire contourography for analyzing the skull. The master screen that is similar to the gratings was made by steel rods, which were arranged as equally spaced parallel lines. Halogen light source was illuminated by lantern slide projector. The skeletal materials were documented crania, composed of 87 male and 47 female, from William M. Bass Donated Skeletal Collection housed at the Department of Anthropology, University of Tennessee. The skulls were placed just behind the master screen as anatomical position using cubic craniophore. The angle between the light source and camera was 65degrees, the distance between camera and the master screen was 1.2 m. Frontal view, left lateral and right lateral view were taken. From the frontal view, fringe patterns were analyzed for first five contour lines which were mainly located around the Glabella. The results were as followed; Type I for male was 53% and female was 4%; Type II for male was 29% and female was 2%; Type III for male was 2% and female was 15%; Type IV for male was 6% and female was 55%. From the lateral view, fringe patterns were analyzed for first four contour lines. However, first and second contour lines were critical to determine the shape and the results were as followed; Type I for male was 52% and female was 22%; Type II for male was 38% and female was 26%; Type III for male was 8% and female was 17%; Type IV for male was 2% and female was 35%. According to this study, different fringe patterns might be dependent on the degree of development of bone marker such as Glabella, Supercillary arch, Euryon and Mastoid process. For example, Supercillary arches were very well developed and slope of forehead above the Glabella was declined, fringe pattern showed reverse triangle shape. If Supercillary arches were poorly developed and slope of forehead above the Glabella was flat, fringe pattern showed home plate shape. The present research shows that moire contourography might be used as more objective methods for estimating sex. And it would be helpful to determine the ancestry when the lateral aspects were analyzed. In the future, continuing study need to be performed with same master screen for different ancestry.
Anthropology
;
Bass
;
Female
;
Forehead
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Mastoid
;
Skull*
;
Steel
;
Tennessee
10.Decreased Attention in Narcolepsy Patients is not Related with Excessive Daytime Sleepiness.
Seog Ju KIM ; In Kyoon LYOO ; Yujin LEE ; Ju Young LEE ; Do Un JEONG
Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology 2005;12(2):122-132
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to assess cognitive functions and their relationship with sleep symptoms in young narcoleptic patients. METHODS: Eighteen young narcolepsy patients and 18 normal controls (age: 17-35 years old) were recruited. All narcolepsy patients had HLA DQB1 *0602 allele and cataplexy. Several important areas of cognition were assessed by a battery of neuropsychological tests consisting of 13 tests: executive functions (e.g. cognitive set shifting, inhibition, and selective attention) through Wisconsin card sorting test, Trail Making A/B, Stroop test, Ruff test, Digit Symbol, Controlled Oral Word Association and Boston Naming Test; alertness and sustained attention through paced auditory serial addition test; verbal/nonverbal short-term memory and working memory through Digit Span and Spatial Span; visuospatial memory through Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test; verbal learning and memory through California verbal learning test; and fine motor activity through grooved pegboard test. Sleep symptoms in narcolepsy patients were assessed with Epworth sleepiness scale, Ullanlinna narcolepsy scale, multiple sleep latency test, and nocturnal polysomnography. Relationship between cognitive functions and sleep symptoms in narcolepsy patients was also explored. RESULTS: Compared with normal controls, narcolepsy patients showed poor performance in paced auditory serial addition (2.0 s and 2.4 s), digit symbol tests, and spatial span (forward) (t=3.86, p< 0.01; t=-2.47, p=0.02; t=-3.95, p< 0.01; t=-2.22, p=0.03, respectively). There were no significant between-group differences in other neuropsychological tests. In addition, results of neuropsychological test in narcolepsy patients were not correlated with Epworth sleepiness scale score, Ullanlinna narcolepsy scale score and sleep variables in multiple sleep latency test or nocturnal polysomnography. CONCLUSION: The current findings suggest that young narcolepsy patients have impaired attention. In addition, impairment of attention in narcolepsy might not be solely due to sleep symptoms such as excessive daytime sleepiness.
Alleles
;
California
;
Cataplexy
;
Cognition
;
Executive Function
;
Humans
;
Memory
;
Memory, Short-Term
;
Motor Activity
;
Narcolepsy*
;
Neuropsychological Tests
;
Polysomnography
;
Stroop Test
;
Trail Making Test
;
Verbal Learning
;
Wisconsin