Hantavirus is a genus of the Bunyaviridae family causing two serious diseases, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). Puumala virus is a member of hantavirus originally found in Europe, and its natural reservoir is Clethrionomys glareolus. It is also associated with the hurnan disease nephropathia epidemica, a milder form of HFRS. To identify the hantaviruses in bats, bats were collected from Jeong-Sun, Won-Joo, Chung-Ju and Hwa-Cheon area in Korea, and nested RT-PCR was performed with serotype specific primer from M segment. Interestingly, Puumala virus was detected in bats (Rhinolophus ferrum-equinum) only from Won-Joo. The 327 bp nested RT-PCR product, was sequenced. The sequence database search indicates that the sequence is homologous to the published sequence of Puumala viruses. The sequence similarities were ranged from 71% to 97%. The highest sequence similarity was 97% with Puumala virus Vranicam strain, and the lowest was 71% with Puumala virus K27 isolate. Puumala virus Vranicam strain was isolated from a bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) in Bosnia-Hercegovina. Puumala virus K27 was isolated from human in Russia. This analysis confirms that bats (Rhinolophus ferrum-equinum) in Korea are natural reservoir of Puumala virus.
Arvicolinae ; Base Sequence ; Bunyaviridae ; Chiroptera* ; Chungcheongbuk-do ; Europe ; Hantavirus ; Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; Humans ; Korea* ; Puumala virus* ; Russia ; Sequence Analysis*

Hantavirus is a genus of the Bunyaviridae family consisting following serotype groups: Hantaan, Seoul, Puumala, Prospect Hill, Thailand, Belgrade, Thotta palayam, Sin Hombre. Most of Hantavirus group have been associated with many clinically similar disease known collectively as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Hantaan virus is the prototype of the genus hantavirus, originally isolated from Apodemus agrarius. Bat was found as a natural host for Hantaan virus in Lee's lab for the first time. Then, Hantaan-like virus was isolated Hantaan-like virus from bat. To identify hantaviruses that are present in Korea among bats, bats were collected from Jeong-Sun, Won-Joo, Chung-Ju and Hwa-Cheon area, RNA was isolated from lung and serum. RT-PCR was performed with a universal primer from M segment. Nested RT-PCR was carried out to differentiate Hantaan, Seoul and Puumala virus using serotype specific primers. As we expected, Hantaan viruses were detected in bats and Seoul virus was not detected. Interestingly, Puumala viruses were also detected in bats from won-Ju, but not in other areas. Puumala virus is originally isolated from Clethrinomys glareolus, and cause light HFRS. Recently, Paradoxomis webbiana, a wild bird turn out to be a reservoir for Puumala virus in Korea. These data indicate that bat is a new natural reservoir of Puumala virus.
Animals ; Birds ; Bunyaviridae ; Chiroptera* ; Chungcheongbuk-do ; Gangwon-do ; Hantaan virus* ; Hantavirus ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; Humans ; Korea* ; Lung ; Murinae ; Puumala virus ; RNA ; Seoul ; Seoul virus ; Thailand

Between December 18, 1985 and May 31, 1986 at the VD Clinic, Choong-ku Public Health Center, in Seoul, 274 male patients with uncomplicated gonococcal infection, including 124 penicillinase producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG) infection, were entered into the study. They were divided randomly into the group A and the group B. In the group A, treated with kanamycin 2g, im regimen, 126 of 137 patients were followed and 86 patients(68.3%) were cured. In the group B, treated with gentamicin 240mg, im regimen, 125 of 137 patients were followed and 78 patients(62.4%) were cured. The cure rates in PPNG urethritis were 63.9%(39/61) in the group A and 50.9%(29/57) in the group B. The cure rates in non PPNG urethritis were 72.3%(47/65) in the group A and 72.1% (49/68) in the group B. No significant difference was observed in cure rates between two groups. It is suggested that. both kanamycin 2g, im regimen and gentamicin 240mg, im regimen is not suitable for a first line treatment for uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis.
Gentamicins* ; Humans ; Kanamycin* ; Male* ; Neisseria ; Penicillinase ; Public Health ; Seoul ; Urethritis*

Authors have anthropologically measured the human skeleton from a Dugmoe Tomb of the technopolis of Kwang-ju city. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The human skeleton was thought to be constructed at the beginning of the period of the Chosun, judging from the Dugmoe Tomb. 2. It is female and its stature is estimated as about 163-165cm. The age of the skeleton is estimated to be late 50. 3. The cranial index is 77.09mm and the type is mesocephaly. 4. The cranial length-height index and the cranial breadth-height index were hypsicrane and acrocephaly. 5. The orbital index 95.0mm and the type is hypsiconch. 6. The humerus is comparatively long, slender and has more rounded diaphysis. 7. The femur is similar that of present day, and the type is platyer. 8. The abrasion of the occlusal surface of the teeth was 2.5 point.
Craniosynostoses ; Diaphyses ; Female ; Femur ; Gwangju* ; Humans* ; Humerus ; Orbit ; Skeleton* ; Tooth

This studies were examined and compared the immunohistochemical distribution of the two calcium -binding proteins calbindin D -28K and parvalbumin positive neurons in the brain stem and spinal cord after transection of spinal cord in rats. In this experiment, calbindin D -28K immunoreactive neurons were mainly found in many pyramidal cells distributed in the brain stem and spinal cord of rats. Calbindin D -28K neuropil labeling was strongly noted in brain stem and in spinal all segments of the spinal cord. In contrast to parvalbumin, little differences were found in distribution, size and morphology of calbindin D -28K cell body or neuropil staining in the brain stem and spinal cord. Parvalbumin immunoreactive cells were demonstrated in all lamina of the gray matter of the spinal cord. These immunoreactive cells had the most high density in the layer I and II dorsal horn and several nuclei of the ventral horn of the all segments of the spinal cord. These immunoreactive cells between the brain stem and spinal cord were quite different markedly in number, cell size and morphology The number of parvalbumin positive cells were more than twice in the brain stem and spinal cord compared to the calbindin D -28K positive cells. Calbindin D -28K and parvalbumin -immunoreactive somata were round, oval, spindle and polygonal in shape, and the positive neurons were unipolar, bipolar, multipolar and horizontal in shape. The diameters of the somata of the two positive neurons were 30 ~40 micrometer, respectively. Also dendrites of two positive neurons were densely arrayed in arborization.
Animals ; Brain Stem* ; Brain* ; Calbindins* ; Calcium ; Cell Count ; Dendrites ; Horns ; Neurons* ; Neuropil ; Pyramidal Cells ; Rats* ; Spinal Cord*

No abstract available.
Capsid Proteins* ; Capsid* ; Genome*

Acquired tufted angioma is a benign, slowly progressive angioma with a typical histological pattern that was first described by Wilson-Jones in 1976. We report a case of acquired tufted angioma in a 19 year old female who had erythematous papules and plaques on the right thigh. Histopathological findings showed multiple capillary lobules in a cannonball arrangement scattered throughout dermis, which was diagnostic of acquired tufted angioma.
Capillaries ; Dermis ; Female ; Hemangioma* ; Humans ; Thigh ; Young Adult

To study the relation between ectoparasite, Rickettsia and hantaan virus in bats, four order of Athropoda were collected from Rhinolophus ferrumequinum captured in Cheju and Eptesicus serotinus captured in Chungnamin from July 1989 to March 1998. Also antibody of Rickettsia and hantaan virus were detected by immunofluoroscent antibody technique and RT-PCR. The results are as follows. 1. Five species of Acarina were identified from E. serotinus: Leptotrobidium subakamushi of Trombiculidae, Macronyssus coreanus, Steatonyssuss spinosuss and Steatonychus superans of Macronyssidae, Argas vespertilionis of Metastigmata. 2. Ischnopsyllus needhami of Siphonaptera and Cimex of Hemiptera were identified from E. serotinus. 3. Cyteribia uenoi and Brachytarsina kanoi of Diptera were identified from R. ferrumequinum. 4. The positive rate of rickettsial antibodies in E. serotinus were 17.58%, 15.15%, 22.22%, 52.73% against R. tsutsugamushi, R. typhi, R. sibirica and R. thai tick typhus, respectively. The high positive rate of antibody related to the high content of Arthropoda. 5. The Positive rate of hantaan virus IFA antibodies were 3.4% (27 of 802) and hanntan virus infection rate 36.7% (22 of 60) by RT-PCR in bats. According these result, we showed that certain species of Athropoda isolated play a role as vector of Rickettsia in E. serotinus. Also bats play a role as a reservoir of hantaan virus in nature.
Antibodies ; Argas ; Arthropods ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Bedbugs ; Chiroptera* ; Diptera ; Hantaan virus* ; Hemiptera ; Humans ; Jeju-do ; Rickettsia* ; Siphonaptera ; Ticks ; Trombiculidae ; Typhus, Epidemic Louse-Borne

From November 18 to December 31, 1986, seventy-five male patients with unconplicated gonococcal urethritis at the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-ku Public Health Center in Seoul were allocated randomly into one of two treatment regimens, and seventy patients were followed. All thirty-five patients including PPNG infections, treated with single oral dose of norfloxacin 600mg, were recovered(100%). One of thirty-five patients treated with a single oral dose of norfloxacin 800mg, failed. This failed case was one of eighteen nonPPNG infections (failure rate of 5.6%). Susceptibility test with disks containing norfloxacin 10ug showed the inhibition zone greater than 30mm. It is suggested that a single oral dose of 600mg or 800mg norfloxacin has good effect in the treatment of gonococcal urethritis with minimal side effects. Because of high prevalence of PPNG, it can be recommended as the first line treatment for gonorrhoea in Korea.
Humans ; Korea ; Male* ; Norfloxacin* ; Prevalence ; Public Health ; Seoul ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Urethritis*

PURPOSE: In gastric cancer, metastasis to the paraaortic lymph nodes had been regarded as an incurable factor, but many cases of long term survival have been reported with dissection of metastatic paraaortic nodes. And several reports suggested survival benefit with paraaortic lymph node dissection (D4) in advanced gastric cancer. In patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent paraaortic lymph node dissection we tried to evaluate the factors predisposing metastasis in these nodes and survival data. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors analyzed retrospectively pathological features of 95 patients who underwent paraacntic lymph node dissection for advanced gastric cancer at Kangnam General Hospital Public Corporation Bom May 1991 to Feb. 1998. And we also analysed survival results of 72 cases among them. We excluded 18 cases of distant metastasis (3 liver metastasis, 15 peritoneal seeding), 2 operative mortalities, 1 other disease mortality, and 2 unlmown causes of death in survival analysis. RESULTS: The frequencies of paraaortic lymph node metastasis were 0.0% (0 of 32 cases) in T2, 19.2% (10 of 52 cases) in T3, 18.2% (2 of 11 cases) in T4. And those of paraaortic lymph node metastasis were 5.8% (3 of 52 cases) in antrum, 14.3% (3 fo 21 cases) in body, 20.0% (3 of 15 cases) in cardia, and 42.9% (3 of 7 cases) in whole area. The five-year survival rates (5 YSRs) in relation to the paraaortic lymph node (No16) status was 0.096 in No16+, and 57.8Po in Nol6 with D4 of advanced gastric cancer. The 5 YSRs were 78.1%, 40.8% and 0% in T2, T3 and T4, respectively and 93.8%, 64.2%, 24.2% and 0.0% in n0, nl, n2 and n.3, respectively and 88.9%, 80.5%, 57.9% and 0.0% (47.6%) and 0.0% in stage IB, II, IIIA, IIIB and IV, respectively. CONCLUSION: The depth of gastric wall invasion and the location of primary tumor were significant predisposing factors to para-aortic lymph node metastasis in multivariate analysis (p<0.05). Survival of No16 metastasis was very poor. And three factors of T stage, n stage, and Bonmann type were also prognostically significant in terms of five year survival in cases of D4 of advanced gastric cancer in multivariate analysis (p < 0.05).
Cardia ; Causality ; Cause of Death ; Drug Therapy* ; Granisetron* ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Liver ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; Mortality ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nausea* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Platinum* ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Survival Rate ; Vomiting*