No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant* ; Streptococcal Infections*

The clinicolaboratory findings, cardiac catheterization, and outcome of operation were analyzed in 78 patients with tetralogy of Fallot, which were diagnosed by echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, and a cardiac angiography and confirmed by operation at Dong San Hospital, Keimyung University, during a 4(1/2)-year period from January 1984 to June 1988. The following results were obtained : 1) Out of the 78 cases, 45 were male and 64 were female. 2) The electrocardiogram showed right axis deviation in 71 cases(91%) and right ventricular hypertrophy in 66 cases(84.6%). 3) Chest X-ray revealed that, the cardiothoracic ratio was normal or decreased in 68 cases(87.3%), and cardiac apex elevation was noticed in 57 cases(73%). 4) Pulmonary stenosis were chiefly valvular and infundibular type(53.8%). 5) The associated heart diseases with TOF were patent foramen ovale(64.1%), right sided aortic arch(19.2%), and secundum ASD(10.3%), in that order. 6) There was an intimate correlation between secondary polycythemia and thrombocytopenia. 7) Among the 78 Cases, 73 cases had total correction, 1 case had shunt operation, and 4cases had total correction after shunt operation. The highest mortality rate occurred in the cases of total correction after shunt operation(25%). The cases with a main pulmonary artery size of 1/3 to 2/3 against, the aorta had a higher mortality than the other group, and no cases expired in the group with a ratio of more than 2/3. The overall surgical mortality was 8.9%.
Angiography ; Aorta ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular ; Male ; Mortality ; Polycythemia ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis ; Tetralogy of Fallot* ; Thorax ; Thrombocytopenia

No abstract available.
Cerebral Palsy* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Female ; Fetal Heart* ; Hearing* ; Heart Rate, Fetal* ; Pregnancy

PURPOSE: To introduce a new convenient and accurate method to measure the angle kappa using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and corneal topography. METHODS: Data from 42 eyes (13 males and 29 females) were analyzed in this study. The angle kappa was measured using Orbscan II and calculated with UBM and corneal topography. The angle kappa of the dominant eye was compared with measurements by Orbscan II. RESULTS: The mean patient age was 36.4 ± 13.8 years. The average angle kappa measured by Orbscan II was 3.98°± 1.12°, while the average angle kappa calculated with UBM and corneal topography was 3.19°± 1.15°. The difference in angle kappa measured by the two methods was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The two methods showed good reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.671; p < 0.001). Bland-Altman plots were used to demonstrate the agreement between the two methods. CONCLUSIONS: We designed a new method using UBM and corneal topography to calculate the angle kappa. This method is convenient to use and allows for measurement of the angle kappa without an expensive device.
Corneal Topography* ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Microscopy, Acoustic* ; Ultrasonography*

No abstract available.
Humans

PURPOSE: Radial artery access has been promoted for anesthesia, critical care, and cardiac catheterization. Our aim was to establish the ideal wrist position for radial artery cannulation; thus we performed ultrasound examinations of the radial artery to analyze the effect of the angle of wrist extension on radial artery dimensions. METHODS: Measurements were performed in 30 healthy volunteers. The radial artery diameter and the depth from the skin to the radial artery were measured using an ultrasound technique. Radial artery dimensions were measured at wrist joint angles of 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 degrees. RESULTS: The average age was 26.7+/-4.7 years. The mean height and weight were 171.0+/-6.9 cm and 68.3+/-15.1 kg, respectively. The mean width and height of the radial artery was 2.61+/-0.54 mm and 2.21+/-0.42 mm, respectively. The depth from the skin to the radial artery was 4.67+/-1.74 mm at a wrist joint angle of 0 degrees. A strong and direct association was found between body mass index with diameters (width and height length) and depth from the skin to the radial artery at wrist angles of 0 degrees. Repeated measure ANOVA revealed that the depth was affected by the wrist joint angle. Our volunteers were associated with shallower depth as increasing in the wrist joint angle statistical significantly (p=0.001). At wrist angles of 30 and 60 degrees, the depth was shallower than 0 degrees (p=0.027, p=0.004). CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that in healthy subjects the depth of the radial artery is shallow when the wrist joint is extended up. A wrist extension at 30 and 60 degrees for healthy subjects results in a decrease in the depth of the radial artery.
Anesthesia ; Body Mass Index ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Catheterization ; Critical Care ; Healthy Volunteers ; Radial Artery* ; Skin ; Ultrasonography* ; Volunteers ; Wrist Joint ; Wrist*

No abstract available.
Female ; Fetal Heart* ; Heart Rate, Fetal* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy*

Almost all colorectal carcinomas have been thought to develop from pre-existing adenomas. However, some colorectal carcinomas can arise directly from normal flat mucosa, and usually form infiltrative mass at the early stage. The carcinogenesis of this infiltrative carcinoma may be different from the well-known adenoma-carcinoma sequence, which usually forms a polypoid mass. The purpose of this study is to investigate the different expression of various oncogenes in polypoid carcinoma and infiltrative carcinoma. We performed immunohistochemical staining on p53, bcl-2, c-erbB-2 and MIB-1 in 29 polypoid carcinomas arised from adenomas, and 21 infiltrative carcinomas. The average tumor size of infiltrative carcinomas (5.5 cm) was larger than that of polypoid carcinomas (3.1 cm), and the polypoid carcinomas were differentiated more than the infiltrative carcinomas. The results of p53, bcl-2, c-erbB-2, and MIB-1 antisera immunoreactivity in the polypoid carcinoma were 79%, 17%, 21%, and 100%, and those in the infiltrative carcinoma were 71%, 29%, 29%, and 100%, respectively. However the diffuse positivities of p53 and MIB-1 antisera were slightly higher in the infiltraive carcinomas (62%, 76%) than in the polypoid carcinomas (55%, 41%) (p=0.63, 0.01). And the results of p53 and c-erbB-2 immunoreactivity in the adenomas were 52% and 17%, respectively, which is significantly lower than that in the polypoid carcinoma(p=0.03, 0.74). The immunoreactivty of bcl-2 in the adenoma was 72%, which was significantly higher than that in the polypoid carcinoma (17%) (p<0.01). In summary, we did not show the significant difference in expression of p53, bcl-2, c-erbB-2, and MIB-1 proteins between polypoid and infiltrative carcinomas. However, the tendency of infiltrative carcinomas having a more aggressive nature suggests another carcinogenetic mechanism is involved in the colorectal carcinogenesis.
Adenoma ; Carcinogenesis ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Immune Sera ; Ki-67 Antigen ; Mucous Membrane ; Oncogenes