This study was conducted to identify the attributes constituting Korean social support and to validate the results of the previous study 'Search for the meaning of social support in Korean Society.' The informants were 41 Korean middle-aged women in three cities : Seoul, Dagjun and Daeku. The data were collected through indepth interviews using the interview guide from Jun. 1994 to Jun. 1995. The interview guide was developed in the simulated situations of 'Stroke attack' which expected to be in need of social support. The women were asked to answer what they felt and the appropriated terms representing the situations. Data analysis were conducted by content analysis. consequently, the Koran social support pyramid was modified as follows ; Support is the apex of the pyramid. The four sides of the pyramid are made up of 'Jung'(Bound by ties of affection, regard or shared common experience, Connectedness), Do-oom(both emotional and material help), Mi-dum(Faith or belief in) and Sa-Rang(Love). The base of the pyramid is 'yun'(the basic network of relationships in Korean culture) that connote the meaning of Eunhae(Benevolence), Euimu(duty, responsibility) and Dori(obligation).
Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged* ; Seoul ; Statistics as Topic

No abstract available.
Humans*

No abstract available.
Teratoma*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to test the mediating effect of psychological distress in the relationship between chemotherapy related cognitive impairment (CRCI) and quality of life (QOL) in people with cancer. METHODS: A purposive sample of 130 patients undergoing chemotherapy was recruited for the cross-sectional survey design. Data were collected from November 2014 to June 2015. The instruments were K-MMSE (Korean Mini-Mental State Examination), Everyday Cognition (ECog), Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and multiple regression using Baron and Kenny steps for mediation. RESULTS: The mean score for objective cognitive function was 27.95 and 69.32 for perceived cognitive decline. Overall quality of life was 91.74. The mean score was 17.52 for psychological distress. The prevalence was 56.2% for anxiety and 63.1% for depression, and 20.0% for CRCI. There were significant correlations among the variables, objective cognitive function and self-reported cognitive decline, psychological distress, and quality of life. Psychological distress was directly affected by CRCI. (R2=29%). QOL was directly affected by CRCI. Psychological distress and CRCI effected QOL (R2=43%). Psychological distress had a partial mediating effect (beta= -.56, p <.001) in the relationship between self-reported cognitive decline and quality of life (Sobel test: Z= -5.08, p <.001). CONCLUSION: Based on the findings of this study, nursing intervention programs focusing on managing cognitive decline, and decreasing psychological distress are highly recommended to improve quality of life in cancer patients.
Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use ; Anxiety/epidemiology/etiology ; Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology/*etiology ; Colonic Neoplasms/drug therapy/*psychology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Depression/epidemiology/etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; *Quality of Life ; *Stress, Psychological ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the changes of chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), sleep quality, and quality of life and their interrelationships following chemotherapy. Methods: A sample of 52 patients who had been diagnosed with stomach cancer receiving oxaliplatin containing chemotherapy were included in a prospective longitudinal study. The assessment tools were Chemotherapy-induced Peripheral Neuropathy 20, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and EORTC Quality of Life- Cancer. The data were collected at three time points: pre-chemotherapy, post-chemotherapy, and three months after the completion of chemotherapy, using questionnaires given between June 2017 and March 2019. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, repeated measures analysis of variance, and multiple regression analysis. Results: Post-chemotherapy, 19.2% of patients complained of CIPN and 21.2% exhibited CIPN at three-month follow-up. Repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant increase in CIPN after chemotherapy and it remained high at three-month follow-up (F = 39.90, p< .001). Functional quality of life (F = 8.23, p< .001) and symptom quality of life (F = 7.88, p= .001) also showed significant decreases after chemotherapy, and symptom quality of life remained low at three-month follow-up. However, for sleep quality, no significant main effect of time point was shown. CIPN and sleep quality were a factor influencing quality of life with an explanatory power of 48.3% at post-chemotherapy and 65.3% at three-month follow up. Conclusion These results suggest that chemotherapy is highly associated with CIPN and symptoms affecting quality of life in cancer patients. Nursing intervention is needed to monitor and relieve these symptoms of patients during the cancer care trajectory.

We assessed several emotional variables in patients experiencing conventional urodynamic and ambulatory urodynamic monitoring (AUM) to verify the hypothesis that AUM is tolerated as well as conventional urodynamics. A total of 33 women and 7 men from 23 to 72 years of age who were undergoing both procedures were prospectively included in this study. Prior to and immediately after the procedures, each patient completed a self-administered questionnaire. Answers were given on a visual analogue scale. The degree of anxiety was higher for conventional urodynamics than for AUM (p = 0.045), while the degree of boredom experienced during AUM was higher than that during conventional urodynamics (p= 0.013). There was no significant difference in the degree of shame or bother experienced by the patients during the two procedures. In general, patients tolerated both examinations extremely well. The examiner-rated degree of intolerance during conventional urodynamics was influenced by the subjective pain score (p=0.001), while all other emotional variables except bother were not significantly related with the degree of intolerance during AUM (p=0.007). A total of 74.4% and 84.6% responded that they were willing to repeat conventional urodynamics and AUM, respectively, which were not significantly different. Although AUM produced a significantly higher level of boredom than conventional urodynamics, our data demonstrates that patients are as tolerant of AUM as they are of conventional urodynamic procedures.
*Urodynamics ; Urination Disorders/*diagnosis/*urine ; Urinary Incontinence/diagnosis ; Questionnaires ; Pain Measurement ; Pain ; Monitoring, Ambulatory/*methods ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Humans ; Fluoroscopy/*methods ; Female ; Anxiety ; Aged ; Adult

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between vitamin C, vitamin D, and periodontal diseases in adults. METHODS: The data used for analysis were obtained from the sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2014). Subjects were 2,702 adults aged from 19 to 64 years. Complex Chi-square tests and complex logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between vitamins and periodontal status. RESULTS: There is no statistically significant association between vitamin C intake and periodontal status. Periodontal status of subjects with a low vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) level was better than that of the subjects with a high level (P<0.05). However, multivariate analysis demonstrated that this association is not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: More follow-up studies are necessary to determine the association of the vitamins C and D with the periodontal diseases.
Adult ; Ascorbic Acid ; Cross-Sectional Studies* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Multivariate Analysis ; Nutrition Surveys ; Periodontal Diseases ; Vitamin D ; Vitamins*

PURPOSE: Research related to social support in Korea has been hampered by paucity of measurement tools reflecting Korean culture. The aim of the study was to develop Korean social support questionnaire (KSSQ) based on the Korean social support pyramid and to test psychometric properties of the KSSQ. METHODS: The questionnaire was administered to 701 subjects and 658 college students. Psychometric analyses included factor analyses, expert validity, criterion-related validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. RESULTS: A principal components analysis support for construct validity, eliciting a three factor solution accounting for 65.46% of variance in scores. Concurrent and discriminant validity supported criterion-related validity. Internal consistency of reliability was support with Cronbach's alpha of .97-.98 for the entire scale. Test-retest reliability was .76. CONCLUSION: This initial testing of KSSQ to measure Korean social support demonstrates evidence of reliability and validity. Assessment of known-group validity and norm establishment of KSSQ are suggested to provide further sound psychometric properties and practical measurement tools.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Psychometrics ; *Questionnaires ; *Social Support ; Students/psychology ; Universities ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVES: Thyroid cancer patients may experience emotional distress during cancer treatment including surgical operation and radioactive iodine treatment. The aims of this prospective study were to investigate changes of anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer(DTC) under preoperative, postoperative and short-term hypothyroidism state. METHODS: Using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale(HAD) and the Distress Thermometer, we sequentially assessed the levels of anxiety, depression and distress in 41 DTC patients at 3 time points such as preoperative state, postoperative state and short-term hypothyroidism state. RESULTS: The HAD-anxiety score was significantly higher in preoperative state(6.93+/-3.97) than postoperative state(4.22+/-2.92) and short-term hypothyroidism state(4.93+/-3.64). Any other significant change in depression or distress thermometer score was not observed. Especially, difference of HADS score between the distress and none-distress groups was significant in preoperative state and post-operative state, but the difference become not significant in the short-term hypothyroidism state. CONCLUSIONS: Induced thyroid hormone deficiency during cancer treatment does not significantly affect emotional distress in patient with DTC. Anxiety and depression in these patients may be associated with distress of the patient before active cancer treatment.
Anxiety ; Dapsone ; Depression ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; Iodine ; Prospective Studies ; Thermometers ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the mediation of psychological distress in the relationship between disturbance in ADL from chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy and quality of life in order to provide a basis for planning nursing interventions to improve the quality of life in cancer patients. METHODS: A purposive sample of 130 patients treated with chemotherapy were recruited in the cross-sectional survey design. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires. The instruments were the Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Assessment Tool (CIPNAT), Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G). RESULTS: The mean score for disturbance in ADL from chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy was 3.30. Overall quality of life was 2.48. The mean score was 1.04 for psychological distress. The prevalence was 35.4% for anxiety and 47.7% for depression. There were significant correlations among the three variables, disturbance in ADL from chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy, psychosocial distress, and quality of life. Psychosocial distress had a complete mediating effect (beta= -.74, p <.001) in the relationship between disturbance in ADL from chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy and quality of life (Sobel test: Z= -6.11, p <.001). CONCLUSION: Based on the findings of this study, nursing intervention programs focusing on disturbance of ADL management, and decrease of psychological distress are highly recommended to improve quality of life in cancer patients.
*Activities of Daily Living ; Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents/*adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Anxiety ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Depression/etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms/drug therapy/pathology/*psychology ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/*etiology ; *Quality of Life ; Self Report ; Stress, Psychological ; Surveys and Questionnaires