PURPOSE: It has been generally known that prostatic volume is increased related to aging process and changing in hormonal environment, so lower urinary tract symptoms develops. But, our experience has revealed the decrease of prostatic volume in many cases with lower urinary tract symptoms despite aging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The numbers of patient underwent TRUS were 301 cases. Among the patients who had visited urologic outpatient clinic from march, 1993 to march, 1996, transrectal ultrasonography of prostate was applied to patient with following conditions. 1) over 8 in IPSS with or without enlarged evidence from digital rectal examination 2) enlarged evidence from digital rectal examination 3) no symptomatic relief after 2weeks therapy with alpha blocker 4) when the patient wants more evaluation. RESULTS: Decrease of prostatic volume were shown in 66cases(22%) despite lower urinary tract symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: In our experience, many patients with lower urinary tract symptoms showed decrease of prostatic volume. So, we expect that many more cases of decrease of prostatic volume can be seen among asymptomatic cases with age. Because we can guess that prostatic volume can be influenced by racial differences and dietary habit, we also believe that further evaluation and investigation of this nature is needed.
Aging ; Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Digital Rectal Examination ; Food Habits ; Humans ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; Male ; Prostate ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Insemination* ; Spermatozoa*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Gene Expression* ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone* ; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide* ; Rats*

This Study was performed to investigate the effect of foods containing benzoic acid on the urinary hippuric acid concentration in the toluene exposed workers. The urinary hippuric acid concentration were measured at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minute after intake of soft drink and bread containing benzoic .acid: in volunteers,: who did not have been exposed toluene occupationally. After that urinary hippuric: acids also were measured at the end of shift in toluene exposed workers. And also the concentration of toluene in air were analysed! by gas chromatography. So the relationships between urinary hippuric acid concentration and age, work duration, concentration of toluene in air and intake of benzoic acid containing food were observed. The results were as follows: 1. The urinary hippuric acid concentration reached the highest level at 30 minute after intake of soft drink with bread at a level of 1.41g/g creatinine and soft drink; alone at a level of 1.04g/g creatinine which contained benzoic acid among unexposed toluene, and then gradually decreased. 2. In toluene exposed group no significant effect of general; characteristics siich; as gender, age, work duration, drinking and smoking on urinary: hippuric acid concentration was showed in toluene exposed group. 3. The mean value of urinary hippuric acid concentration of group taking benzoic acid containing foods was significantly higher than that of group not taking. 4. Multiple regression analysis showed that toluene concentration in .air and benzoic acid containing foods were together significantly influence on urinary ; hippuric acid concentration. And the function between variables is Y = 0.014Tpluene +0.489Benzoic acid +0.745 and the contribution rates were 31%. In conclusion, it was suggested that the information on intake of benzoic acid containing foods should be considered in measurement of urinary hippuric acid for the more accurate toluene exposure evaluation.
Benzoic Acid* ; Bread ; Carbonated Beverages ; Chromatography, Gas ; Creatinine ; Drinking ; Occupations ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Toluene* ; Volunteers

OBJECTIVES: This study was to investigate the fertilization rate after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) or partial zona dissection (PZD) of human and hamster sperm into hamster oocyte in in vitro fertilization (IVF). In addition, the possibility of clinical application was evaluated by the comparison of usefulness and difference of these method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hamster immature oocytes were obtained from oviducts superovulated by PMSG and hCG, and hamster sperms were obtained from epididymis. The freezed human sperms were thawed before use. Fertilization were confirmed by two pronuclei, one pronucleus, swollen sperm head or/and two polar bodies at 7~8 hour after ICSI or PZD. RESULTS: The fertilization rates after ICSI and PZD of human sperm to hamster oocyte were 3.6%, 64.2%, 73.6%, and 55.6% for negative control, positive control, ICSI, and PZD respectively, suggesting that ICSI only showed improved fertilization rate (p<0.01). The fertilization rates after ICSI and PZD of hamster sperm to hamster oocyte were 11.1%, 51.2%, 39.6%, and 72.7% for negative control, positive control, ICSI, and PZD respectively, suggesting that PZD only showed improved fertilization rate (p<0.01). PZD showed significantly higher fertilization rate than ICSI (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: As for the fertilization rate by ICSI and PZD using hamster oocyte in IVF, ICSI technique was considered to be more useful for human sperm and PZD technique for hamster sperm. Therefore, ICSI technique was considered more appropriate for experimental application using human sperm and hamster oocyte.
Humans

OBJECTIVES: This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of embryonic stage, cryoprotectant, and freezing-thawing method on the rates of survival and development of the cryopreserved mouse early embryo and finally to establish the cryopreservation method of surplus embryos obtained during assisted reproductive technology (ART). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two to eight cell embryos were obtained from oviducts of mated F1 hybrid female mice superovulated by pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Two-step 1,2-propanediol (PROH), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and 4-step PROH, DMSO were used as cryoprotectant and dehydration and rehydration method of embryos, and slow- cooling or rapid-cooling method was used as frozen program. The survival rates of embryos were measured after thawing and rehydration, and the developmental rates of embryos were compared and observed during culturing embryos for 24, 48, 72, 96 hrs. RESULTS: As for the survival and development rates of embryos according to embryonic stage, the survival rate of 2 cell stage in PROH and DMSO was significantly higher than 4-8 cell (64.5% versus 62.1%, 79.7% versus 73.2%) (p<0.01, p<0.01), but the development rates of 4-8 cell embryos in PROH and DMSO were significantly higher than 2 cell embryos for whole culture period (p<0.01) and the development rates of 4-8 cell embryos in PROH were significantly higher than 2 cell embryos in DMSO (p<0.01). As for the survival and development rates of embryos according to cryoprotectant, the survival rate of 2 cell embryo in DMSO was significantly higher than that in PROH (74.4% versus 64.5%) (p<0.01), whereas the development rate of embryos was not differ till 24 hrs. The development rate from morular to hatching blastocyst, however, was significantly higher in PROH than in DMSO during 48 hr (p<0.01). The survival rate of 4-8 cell embryo was 62.1% in PROH and 73.2% in DMSO. The development rates of embryo in PROH were significantly higher for whole culture periods (p<0.01, 0.05). In respect to the effect of freezing and thawing program on the survival and development rates of embryos, method of slow cooling and rapid thawing was more effective than that of rapid cooling and rapid thawing. CONCLUSIONS: The survival rate of embryo in 2 cell stage was higher than in 4-8 cell stage, and PROH appears more effective cryoprotectant than DMSO because PROH showed better development rates of embryos in 2 and 4-8 cell stage. Moreover, slow cooling and rapid thawing method was considered as the best cryopreservation program.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Animals

Verrucous hemangioma is congenital hemangioma, which is structural varients of capillary or cavernous hemangioma. And it is vascular malformation, in which reactive epidermal acanthosis, papillomatosis, hyperkeratosis develope secondarily. Though foreign anthors have reported some cases of this disease, it is rare hemangioma and it never has been reported in Korea. This 13 year-old, healthy female patient has erythematous patchs on her left knee at birth. It grew become coin to egg sized. Because of verrcous iuflammatory reaction of irregular verrucous surfaced plague, the lesion become necrotic thick crusty plague with severe offensive odor and patient complained of severe pain & motion limitation on her left knee. Urinalysis, C B C, chest PA were within normal limit. PPD test was negative. Lt. knee AP & lat. revealed. Marked destroyed soft tissue on anterior portion of Lt. knee and no bony pathological changes were demonstrable. Histopathologica.11y, hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, acanthosis, papillomatosis in the epidermis and numerous capillary lumina, capillary dilatation, proliferation of endothelial cells and mild infiltration of inflammatory cells in the Dermis. And fibrosis in the Dermis & Subcutaneous tissue are seen.
Adolescent ; Capillaries ; Dermis ; Dilatation ; Endothelial Cells ; Epidermis ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Hemangioma* ; Hemangioma, Cavernous ; Humans ; Knee ; Korea ; Numismatics ; Odors ; Ovum ; Papilloma ; Parakeratosis ; Parturition ; Plague ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Thorax ; Urinalysis ; Vascular Malformations

Juvenile Xan anuloma is granulomatous, benign disseminated Xanthomatous disease, which i r cytosis of unknown origin, due to lipid, metabolism disturbance. Spontaneous remi. is possible authors have reported some cases of JXG involving only skin or combii extracutaneous lesions, In our country, cases involving onIy skin have bcen reported. This I-year-old norered healthy male baby has yellowish brown coloxed pinhead to rice sizeci gers of well defined. round, dome shaped smooth surface in face, trunk, lower abdomen without any subjective symptomes. Serum lipid level i iid chest p-A,urinalysis, CBC, L.F.T. are normal. Family history showed ific finding and physical examina.tion shows nothing remarkable except for skeen lesions. EIistopathologically, hi;tiocyte, lymphocyte, eosinophile, foam cell, foreign body giant cell, typical Toutor giant cell are seen.
Abdomen ; Eosinophils ; Foam Cells ; Giant Cells ; Giant Cells, Foreign-Body ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Metabolism ; Skin ; Thorax ; Xanthogranuloma, Juvenile*

No abstract available.
Acidosis, Renal Tubular* ; Captopril*

No abstract available.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Neck*