No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

A clinical study was made on 52 patients (55 organs) with renal injuries in Capital Armed Forces General Hospital during the period from January, 1980 to May, 1982. Emphasis was placed on comparison of the expectant and early surgical management. Following results were obtained: 1. The nonpenetrating injuries were 45 cases (86.5%), penetrating, 7 cases (13.5%) and the most common cause of nonpenetrating injuries was traffic accident in 23 cases (44.2%) and the most common cause of penetrating injuries was gunshot in 6 cases (11.6%). 2. As to the management of nonpenetrating injuries, the expectant management was performed in 32 cases (71.1%) and early surgical management in 13 cases (28.9%). 3. All cases of penetrating injuries were managed with early surgical intervention. 4. As to the early surgical management in nonpenetrating injuries, nephrectomy was performed in 6 cases (46.2%), simple closure in 6 cases (46.2%) and partial nephrectomy in I case. 5. As to the early surgical management in penetrating injuries, nephrectomy was performed in 5 cases (71.4%), simple closure in 1 case and partial nephrectomy in I case. 6. In group of expectant management, gross hematuria disappeared at 2.7 days on an average. 7. In nonpenetrating injuries, complication were 6 cases (18.8%) after expectant management, while none, after early surgical management. 8. In penetrating injuries, complication were 2 cases (28.6%) after early surgical management. 9 As to the management of complication in nonpenetrating injuries, nephrectomy was performed in 4 cases (66.7%), deroofing of cyst in 1 case and expectant management in 1 case. 10. As to the management of complication in penetrating injuries, incision and drainage was performed in 1 case and colostomy in 1 case.
Accidents, Traffic ; Arm ; Colostomy ; Drainage ; Hematuria ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Nephrectomy ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating

The tibial plateau fracture is a fracture of the proximal end of the tibia, involving the weight bearing articular surface. This fracture often presents some problems in treatment and prognosis, because it is frequently accompanied by soft tissue injuries such as collateral ligament, cruciate ligament and menisci. During a period of 3 1/2 years, from Febuary 1980 to July 1983, We observed 78 cases of tibial plateau fractures at Gang Nam Sacred Heart Hospital. Of the above cases, 40 could be followed for a period of anywhere from 3 months to 3 years. They have been analysed according to the cause, classification, method of treatment and final result of treatment. Among these 21(52.5%) were treated by cast immobilization, 3(7.5%) by skeletal traction, 16 (40%) by open reduction and internal fixation. Thirty two cases (80% ) out of 40 indicated the result of the Acceptable group according to Hohl and Lucks criteria.
Classification ; Clinical Study ; Collateral Ligaments ; Heart ; Immobilization ; Ligaments ; Methods ; Prognosis ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Tibia ; Traction ; Weight-Bearing

BACKGROUND: It is well known that a lacunar infarction may develop by an atherosclerosis of the large intracranial arteries at the site of the perforating arteries. However, their frequency, clinical, and radiological findings have rarely been described. METHODS: Carotid angiograpies were carried out in 26 Korean patients with lacunar infarctions in the carotid arterial territory. They all had classical lacunar symptoms with a computed tomogram (CT) or a magnetic resonance image (MRI) evidence of a small infarction. A transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was carried out in fifteen patients when either an angiography result was normal, the potential source of cardioembolism was suggested, or no other atherothrom-botic causes of stroke were found. Tc-99m single positron emission computed tomograms (SPECT) were performed in nine patients. We divided patients into two groups; one for patients with MCA occlusive lesion, and another for those without it. The clinical and radiological features were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Twenty patients (77%) demonstrated abnormal angiographic findings. Fourteen of them showed atherosclerotic changes in the proximal MCA at the site of the orifice of the lenticulostriatal arteries, while another three showed stenosis in the intracranial portion of the internal cerebral artery (ICA), and the other three in the extracranial ICA. Among six patients with normal angiograms, a TEE demonstrated embolic sources of embolism in two patients. The temporal profile and findings of MRI and SPECT in patients with MCA stenosis differed from those with ICA stenosis or normal angiograms. Unstable temporal profiles exclusively occurred in patients with MCA stenosis. The most patients with conglomatory aggregations of the lacune in a MRI showed MCA lesions. The SPECT findings were even more characteristic in that patients with MCA lesions showed relatively large areas of decreased perfusion. CONCLUSIONS: The atherosclerotic diseases at the orifice of the lenticulostri-atal arteries were the most common causes of lacunar infarctions in the carotid artery territory. They were clearly different from those without MCA occlusive lesions in terms of preceding transient ishemic attacks, unstable temporal profiles, uni-lateral multiple lacunes with conglomatory MRI findings, and widespread perfusion defects SPECT.
Angiography ; Arteries ; Atherosclerosis ; Carotid Arteries* ; Cerebral Arteries ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal ; Electrons ; Embolism ; Humans ; Infarction ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Cerebral Artery* ; Perfusion ; Stroke ; Stroke, Lacunar* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

The purpose of this study was to investigate the width of attached gingiva of 414 subjects with healthy gingiva, or early stage of gingivitis. We compared the differences according to the tooth location, age (Yonger group : 14~30, Older group : 31~67) and gender. In addition, we compared the width of attached gingiva in the subjects with less than 2 sites of gingival recession(Re< or =2) and the subjects with more than 3 sites of gingival recession(Re> or =3) to study the relationship between the gingival recession and the width of attached gingiva. The results were as follows : 1. The width of keratinized gingiva was widest in maxillary incisors(5.3+/-1.4mm) and narrowest in mandibular right 1st bicuspid and mandibular right and left 2nd molars(3.5+/-1.1mm). 2. The width of attached gingiva was widest in maxillary right central incisor(3.8+/-1.5mm) and narrowest in mandibular right 2nd molar(1.2+/-1.0mm). 3. In the comparison between the age groups, the width of keratinized in older group was significantly(p<0.05) wider than that in younger group in maxillary right and left 1st bicuspids, mandibular right and left 1st and 2nd molars, maxillary right and left cuspids and mandibular right 1st bicuspid. There was no significant difference in the width of attached gingiva between the two groups except for maxillary right and left 1st molars and maxillary left 2nd molar. 4. In the comparison between male group and female group, in maxillary right and and left lateral incisors and cuspids, mandibular right and left cuspids and 1st bicuspids, the width of attached gingiva in female was significantly(p<0.05) wider than that in male group. 5. In the comparison between the Re 3 group and Re 2 group, there was no significant difference except for maxillary right and left 2nd molars and maxillary left 1st molar. 6. The frequency of gingival recession was in the order of mandibular right 1st bicuspid(16.6%), maxillary right 1st bicuspid(13.7%), maxillary and mandibular left 1st bicuspids(13.4%), mandibular left cuspid(10.5%), maxillary left and mandibular right cuspids(10.1%) and maxillary right cuspid(7.9%).
Bicuspid ; Cuspid ; Female ; Gingiva* ; Gingival Recession ; Gingivitis* ; Humans ; Incisor ; Male ; Molar ; Tooth

PURPOSE: We investigated the correlations of serum total testosterone (TT) levels with body composition and physical fitness parameters in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) to know the best exercise for testosterone deficiency. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-seven ED patients underwent serum TT assessment as well as body composition and basic exercise testing. The bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to assess body composition. Seven types of basic exercise tests were used to determine physical fitness. Correlations between serum TT levels and body composition/physical function parameters were evaluated using partial correlation analyses. A serum TT cut-off value was obtained for the parameters significantly correlated with serum TT levels. RESULTS: The subjects had a mean serum TT level of 342.1 ng/dL. Among the body composition parameters, body and abdominal fat percentages showed statistically significant negative correlations with serum TT levels. Among the basic exercise test parameters, only the cycle ergometer test for cardiorespiratory fitness showed a statistically significant positive correlation with serum TT levels. CONCLUSIONS: Serum TT levels in patients with ED, may be increased by reducing fat percentage and improving cardiorespiratory fitness via aerobic exercise.
Abdominal Fat ; Body Composition ; Electric Impedance ; Erectile Dysfunction* ; Exercise ; Exercise Test ; Humans ; Male ; Physical Fitness ; Testosterone*

We have performed epikeratoplasty to correct the visual acuity in high myopia who are more than -8.0D and intolerant to the wearing of contract lens, and for the aphakic eyes. It has been also applied to supress the progression of keratoconus. Of 118 eyes performed from january 1989 to july 1992, a total of 90 eyes which could be followed up were subject to the review, including 66 high myopic eyes, 18 keratoconus, and 6 aphakic eyes. In myopic patients, uncorrected visual acuity was stable from a proeperative mean of 0.04 to 0.58 at 4 months. Spherical equivalent was stable from a preoperative mean of -13.99 to -2.01 at 4 months. In keratoconus patients with mean 10.1 months follow-tp, uncorrected visual acuity was changed from 0.05 to 0.33 Corrected viaual acuity was changed from 0.15 to 0.60, keratometry reading was changed from 55.87D to 45.92D. Of 6 aphakic eyes, spherical equivalent of 3 pediatric: aphakic eyes under the age of 3 was changed from +15.0D to +3.41, for the other 3 adult aphakic eyes, spherical equivalent was changed from +9.5D to +1.83D and uncorrected visual acuity was changed from 0.03 to 0.32. Epikeratoplasty is effective surgery applicable to the correction of myopia more than -8.0D, keratoconus, and aphakia.
Adult ; Aphakia* ; Epikeratophakia* ; Humans ; Keratoconus* ; Myopia* ; Visual Acuity

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the significance of metastatic lymph node ratio (the ratio between the metastatic lymph node and the harvested lymph nodes; MLNR) in the central neck for the prediction of locoregional recurrence in patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. METHODS: After reviewing medical records of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma patients who received total thyroidectomy with central neck node dissection, 573 consecutive adult patients were enrolled in this study, with a follow-up period of more than 36 months. Regarding the risk of recurrence, multivariate analyses were performed with the following variables; sex, age, multiplicity of the primary tumor, presence of pathological extrathyroidal extension, the level of postoperative stimulated serum thyroglobulin, the number of harvested lymph nodes, the number of lymph node metastasis and MLNR. RESULTS: The MLNR showed a predictive significance for the locoregional recurrence (P<0.05). Most recurrences were occurred in the lateral neck (n=12, 80%) with a median interval of 20 months. The lowest cutoff value of the MLNR for a meaningful separation of disease recurrence was 0.44 (hazard ratio, 8.86; 95% confidence interval, 1.49 to 52.58; P=0.001). CONCLUSION: When the MLNR is higher than 0.44, there is an increased risk of locoregional recurrence mostly in the lateral neck. Therefore, MLNR of the central neck in a permanent or frozen biopsy may be helpful in decision making in the extent of thyroidectomy and/or the need for contralateral central neck lymph nodes dissection.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Decision Making ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes* ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Medical Records ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neck Dissection ; Neck* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Recurrence* ; Thyroglobulin ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroidectomy ; Tumor Burden

Trephination was performed for the purpose of correction of undercorrection after epikeratoplasty. We classified two group-Delayed regression group represented regression toward myopia more than 3D again after spherical equivalant become stable. Undercorrection group represented remained myopia after epikeratoplasty. Thirteen trephinations were performed on eleven eyes. Mean follow-up period was 22.4 weeks. In skiascopy, totally 1.15D myopia was decreased. In delayed regression group myopia was increased 0.5D, while in undercorrection group, myopia was dereased 3.5D, The results of three eyes in eleven eyse were satisfactory. Those 3 cases were from undercorrection group. The results suggest that trephination might be effective method for correction of remained myopia in undercorrection group.
Epikeratophakia* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Myopia ; Retinoscopy ; Trephining*

We measured the changes of each component of YEP by increase in contrast 8%, 30%, 60%, 90%, 98% in small checkerboard pattern stimuli and large checkerboard pattern stimuli in 10 normal subjects (20 eyes) in order to get basic data for utilizing YEP according to changes of contrast in clinical diseases group, N1 latency and P1 latency were notably shortened from 30% to 60%. N2 latency was extremely shortened from 60% to 90%. N1-P1 amplitude and P1-N2 amplitude were remarkably increased from 30% to 60%. The amplitude of steady YEP generally increased as the contrast was increased. Immatured YEP wave was turned to matured YEP wave between contrast 30% and 60%. Threfore, when we apply YEP with to lower contrast of stimuli clinical cases, the appropriate range of contrast is from 30% to 60%.