No abstract available.
Abdominoplasty*

An axial-pattern flap can be transferred as the free-flap and has many merits over a random-pattern local flap. However, this has limitations of available vascular architecture and donor site. To overcome these problems, many types of prefabricated flaps have been designed using vascular bundles. It is possible to convert a random-pattern flap to a neovascularized axial-pattern flap by transferring a vascular pedicle. In an attempt to study the effects of prefabrication using vascular bundles, the survival rate between random-pattern flap and prefabricated axial-pattern flap was compared in this study. The rabbits were divided into two groups. The control group was consisted of the random-pattern flap and the prefabricated group was consisted of the prefabricated axial-pattern flap using femoral vascular pericles of rabbits. Femoral vascular pedicles were transferred under the 5x5cm lower abdominal flaps without any perivascular tissue. Three weeks later, random-pattern flaps were elevated without any axial vascular pedicle and prefabricated flaps were elevated based on the transferred femoral vascular pericles. The survival rate of the flaps in the control group and experimental group was 67.37% and 98.87% respectively. Based on the result of t-test there was significant difference between two groups. According to these results, it is concluded that prefabricated flap using transferred vascular pedicle was more effective than random-pattern flap. We think that this technique is versatile for wound repair and for use in other aspects of plastic and reconstructive surgery.
Humans ; Plastics ; Rabbits* ; Survival Rate ; Tissue Donors ; Wounds and Injuries

Augumentation rhinoplasty using autogenous cranial bone graft (outer table) can be used more successfully than other methods. In patients with congenital or posttraumatic severe saddle nose deformity and lateral deviation, cranial bone graft is an excellent method of augumentation. The advantages of cranial bone graft compared with traditional method of bone graft are summarized as follows; 1. Easy to reach donor site 2. Abundance of material 3. Little pain and functional disability 4. Shorter hospitalization period 5. Inconspicuous donor scar 6. No secondary deformity of donor site 7.Appropriate curvature can be obtained by proper selection of donor site. With the above advantages, we conclude that augumentation rhinoplasty using split cranial bone graft is a good method in correction of congenital or posttraumatic deformity of nose.
Cicatrix ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Methods ; Nose ; Rhinoplasty* ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants*

The ideal breast reduction should create beautiful breasts with limited scars. Unfortunately, no surgeon has ever been able to produce such a result. Most recent breast reduction techniques tend to produce minimal breast scars and avoid the classic inverted-T incision. The vertical mammaplasty can be used in mild to moderate cases of breast reduction, producing consistently good, stable results with limited scars. This technique uses adjustable preoperative markings, an upper pedicle for the areola, and a central breast reduction with limited skin undermining. The shape of the breast is created by suturing of the gland and does not rely on the skin. The adjunctive use of liposuction in fatty breasts can be considered safe and efficient. We have performed reduction mammaplasty using the vertical mammaplasty technique in 12 patients. Overall number and extent of complications were small, and patient satisfaction was high for this procedures. The advantages of vertical mammaplasty technique compared with other methods are as follows ; 1. The markings are adjustable to nearly all patients. 2. Stable contours are produced because the gland is strongly sutured. 3. Few postoperative complications occur. 4. Limited scars(only vertical scars) are created 5. The procedure is easy to learn and perform.
Breast ; Cicatrix ; Female ; Humans ; Lipectomy ; Mammaplasty* ; Patient Satisfaction ; Postoperative Complications ; Skin

Since 1981 there have been many clinical and experimental reports of venous skin flap, which was nourished solely by venous blood, or by arteria1 blood flowing through the venous network. But, the mechanism of survival has not been completely understood. Unfortunately, partial flap necrosis and unstable postoperative recovery course make surgeons hesitant in choosing the venous flap. In order to increase the survival of a venous flap, surgical delay procedure or increasing the number of draining veins have been successfully tried. Historically, tissue expansion has the same effect on skin vascularity as delaying the area The increase in the caliber of the blood vessels and adequate neovascularization of the expanded tissue can increase the size and vascularity of the flap while allowing primary closure of the donor defect. In order to investigate the survival pattern of expanded arterialized venous flap, the author conducted the following study. The arterialized venous flaps were divided into control and two experimental groups. The conventional nonexpanded arterialized venous flap of 5x5 cm in size was used as control group On experimental group I, preoperative tissue expansion was performed during 3 weeks, and then arterialized venous flap with the same size was made. On experimental group II, expanded arterialized venous flap with 10x10 cm in size was made. The mean survival rate of control, experimental group I and II was 81.2%, 98.8% and 99.1%, respectively. The angiogram of expanded flap showed dilatation of the vessels and neovascularization with tortuous vessels to the peripheral area of the flap. In conclusion, the survival of expanded arterialized venous flap was superior than that of conventional arterialized venous flap. The expanded venous flaps appear to be useful in producing large flaps, in decreasing marginal necrosis of the flap as well as minimizing donor defect.
Blood Vessels ; Dilatation ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Skin ; Surgical Flaps ; Survival Rate ; Tissue Donors ; Tissue Expansion ; Veins

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Fascia* ; Nasolabial Fold*

No abstract available.
Hand Injuries* ; Hand*

Hand injury in children was increased due to multiple environmental risks and failed attention of parents to children in rapidly developing society. By the results of this evaluation in 37 cases, it was summarized as follows. First, hand injuries in children most commonly occurs in spring, and occurs more commonly in the children at the age of high activity. The most common level of injury is zone I by microreplantation zone, and zone II by tendon injury zone. The more desirable results were obtained by full thickness skin graft and composite graft if it were possible. For the better functional results compare to adults, the methods and procedures must be constructed after more evaluation with more clinical cases. In the cases of pediatric hand injury, the most important fact is prevention of injury, with the close attention by parents, and the second is appropriate diagnosis and treatment for more functional results.
Adult ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Hand Injuries* ; Hand* ; Humans ; Parents ; Skin ; Tendon Injuries ; Transplants

We report 2 cases of midface defect reconstructed with latissimus dorsi myocutaneous free flap. In these cases, the main points to cover the defects were as follows: 1. For the contour of zygoma and maxilla, it was well preserved without bone graft which was not used for second stage reconstruction. In first case, for application of artificial eyes and in second case, for operation after full development. 2. For the drainage of paranasal sinuses, we made the nostril with skin graft, and it was well preserved without any complications during follow up. 3. It was sufficient to cover the defect with latissimus dorsi muscle well designed before surgery and thick enough to fill the defect. 4. In second case, the remained defect of palate and maxilla was not covered for the appropriate reconstructions after full development. In conclusions, we experienced two cases of midface defect reconstructed with latissimus dorsi myocutaneous free flap without any complication and with good results.
Drainage ; Eye, Artificial ; Follow-Up Studies ; Free Tissue Flaps* ; Maxilla ; Palate ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Skin ; Superficial Back Muscles* ; Transplants ; Zygoma