No abstract available.
Endometriosis* ; Female

No abstract available.
Nasal Cavity* ; Neurilemmoma*

Laryngeal mask airway(LMA) is a new type of airway, which may be used as an alternative to either the endotracheal tube or the face-mask with either spontaneous or positive pressure ventilation without penetration of the larynx or esophagus. LMA have many advantages of easy intubation without laryngoscope and muscle relaxants, decreasing damages of larynx and pharynx., and also useful in difficult intubation or emergency airway care. Recently its interesting has been increased. Clinical studies of LMA was done in 242 patients, about hemodynamic changes, volume and pressure changes of cuff, problems and complications during insertion and maintaining of LMA. The results were as follows: 1) The average time taken to insert the laryngeal mask airway was 9.9sec(range:5~60sec), and 43 cases were correct placement at the second attempt. And the total insertion time was 103 min(range:15~355min). 2) Total ari volume of cuff was 20.5ml(range:15~35ml) in LMA No 3, 28.1 ml(range:25~60ml) in LMA No 4. The least volume of cuff without air leakage was 15ml in LMa No 3 and 25ml in LMA No 4. During positive pressure ventilation the peak airway pressure was 20 cmH2O(15mmHg). 3) In hemodynamic changes, blood pressure was increased about 27.5 mmHg in systolic, 21.2 mmHg in diastolic, and 22.4 mmHg in mean arterial pressure after LMA insertion. 4) Cuff pressure was increased from 70.5mmHg at insertion to 98.9mmHg after 1hours with use of N2O for anesthesia and more increased than without N2O. 5) LMA was used 229 patients in supine position and 5 patients in lateral position. In 8 cases was failed to insertion of LMA. 6) Compilcations were 3 cases of gastric distention, 1 case of difficult nasogastirc tube insertion, and 1 case of severe sore throat with mucosal bleeding on pharyax. Sor throat was complained 26.9% without regard to severity.
Anesthesia ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Emergencies ; Esophagus ; Hemodynamics ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Laryngeal Masks* ; Laryngoscopes ; Larynx ; Pharyngitis ; Pharynx ; Positive-Pressure Respiration ; Supine Position

No abstract available.
Blast Crisis* ; Leukemia*

No abstract available.
Blast Crisis* ; Leukemia*

PURPOSE: Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from the amino acid L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) which exists as three isoforms, the calcium-dependent endothelial NOS and neuronal NOS, and a calcium-independent inducible NOS. NO has been studied in a variety of human cancers and is implicated in both tumor promotion and inhibition. NO cause p53 mutation in human cells and mutations of p53 are the most common genetic abnormality yet found in human cancers. Aims of this study is to investigate the correlation of iNOS and p53 expression in colorectal cancer, and to evaluate its clinicopathological siginificance with the expression of these proteins. METHODS: 125 patients, who received curative resection of colorectal cancer from 1992 to 1996, were analyzed retrospectively. The monoclonal antibody to the iNOS (Transduction Laboratories.), the monoclonal antibody to the mutant p53 (Dako Co.) were used for the immunohistochemical analysis. Normal colorectal tissue were assayed in 45 cases. The relationship between mutant p53 and iNOS was investigated. RESULTS: When iNOS expression were detected in specimens, positive rate of mutant p53 were 72.4%. When mutant p53 expression were detected in specimens, positive rate of iNOS expression were 65.8%(P<0.05). Positive rate of iNOS, mutant p53 in tumor size were 51%, 56% below 4 cm and 60%, 63% in 4~8 cm and 47%, 67% above 8 cm. Positive rate of iNOS, mutant p53 in Dukes' stage were55%, 55% in stage B and 56%, 67% in stage C. Positive rate of iNOS, mutant p53 in histologic differentiation were 55%, 55% in well-differentiation and 61%, 66% in moderate differentiation and 35%, 48% in poor-differentiation. There was no difference in each Dukes stage between iNOS expression or p53 mutation and postop five year survival rate. Positive rate of iNOS, mutant p53 in normal tissue were 22%, 32%. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of iNOS expression and p53 mutation has been found in exceeding 50% of cases. There was a significant correlation between iNOS expression and p53 mutation in colorectal cancer. No correlation was found between iNOS expression or p53 mutation and clinicopathologic parameters.
Arginine ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Humans ; Neurons ; Nitric Oxide ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Prevalence ; Protein Isoforms ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

BACKGROUND: Recently, Doppler echocardiography has been widely used to evaluate left ventricular(LV) diastolic filling. However, There are only limited date about the influence of LV systolic function on the pattern of left ventricular diastolic filling. METHODS: To evaluate the changes of Doppler echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular filling induced by variations in left ventricular systolic function in dilated cardiomyopathy(DC) with heart failure(HF), 25 patients(M : F=14 : 11) with DC and HF, and 21 age-matched normal subjects(M : F=13 : 8) were examined by ECG, phonocardiography and echocardiography. From the Doppler recording, A2D(time from second heart sound to the onset of early diastolic mitral flow), peak velocity at early diastole(E) and late diastole(A), ratio of E to A velocity(E/A) and flow velocity integral(FVI) were measured. RESULTS: In 22 patients with DC and HF without mitral regurgitation(MR), A2D was significantly prolonged(119.5+/-12.7 vs 92.4+/-14.1msec, p<0.01), and early diastolic peak velocity and E/A velocity ratio were decreased as compared with the normal subjects(E=0.39+/-0.08 vs 0.57+/-0.12m/sec, p<0.01, E/A : 0.87+/-0.19 vs 1.33+/-0.19 vs 1.33+/-0.18, p<0.05). There were significant correlations between A2D and FVI(r=+0.73, p<0.01), and between E/A velocity ratio and FVI(r=-0.78, p<0.01). However, in 3 patients with MR, A2D(88.7+/-12.1msec), E(0.56+/-0.05m/sec), and E/A(1.32+/-0.12) were similar to those in normal subjects, despite of decreased FVI(12.0+/-0.9cm). CONCLUSIONS: These data show that a change of left ventricular systolic function in patients without MR may influence a diastolic filling pattern of left ventricle but not in patient with MR, and suggest that MR masks left ventricular distolic filling abnormalities.
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated* ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Doppler* ; Electrocardiography ; Heart ; Heart Sounds ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Masks ; Phonocardiography ; Ventricular Function, Left*

Background: The prevalence of intertrochanteric fractures is increasing with the aging population. Two surgical treatments, cephalomedullary nailing (CMN) and dynamic hip screw (DHS), have been widely utilized; however, recent trends indicate growing preference for CMN. While several studies have compared these 2 surgical methods, there has been limited comprehensive analysis with a substantial sample size from a single medical center aimed at minimizing bias. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at a single tertiary academic hospital, analyzing data from patients who underwent surgery for intertrochanteric fractures between January 2005 and December 2021. The study focused on comparing surgeryrelated parameters, postoperative local complications, medical complications, and mortality between patients treated with CMN and those treated with DHS. Results: A total of 475 patients with a minimum follow-up of 3 months were enrolled. The mean (standard deviation) age of patients treated with CMN (77.0 ± 10.7 years) was older compared to those treated with DHS (73.0 ± 12.2 years; p < 0.001). Overall, CMN demonstrated significantly better outcomes in reducing operation time (52.7 minutes vs. 88.2 minutes, p < 0.001), estimated blood loss (EBL) (138.3 mL vs. 305.9 mL, p < 0.001), intra- and postoperative transfusion packs (0.6 vs. 0.9, p = 0.006), and length of hospital stay (12.0 days vs. 20.3 days, p < 0.001), with similar findings in the unstable subgroups. However, in stable fracture cases, CMN showed superiority only in operation time and EBL (operation time: 49.6 minutes vs. 76.5 minutes, p < 0.001; EBL: 103.8 mL vs. 254.8 mL, p < 0.001). No differences were noted in postoperative outcomes including local complications, medical complications, and mortality. Conclusions Patients treated with CMN experienced no differences in postoperative outcomes including local and medical complications or mortality compared to DHS-treated patients. CMN reduced operation time, EBL, number of intraoperative and postoperative transfusion packs, and length of hospital stay, especially in patients with unstable intertrochanteric fractures. In conclusion, with comparable postoperative complications and mortality, CMN demonstrated superior perioperative efficiency, supporting its growing recommendation over DHS for the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures.

Background: The prevalence of intertrochanteric fractures is increasing with the aging population. Two surgical treatments, cephalomedullary nailing (CMN) and dynamic hip screw (DHS), have been widely utilized; however, recent trends indicate growing preference for CMN. While several studies have compared these 2 surgical methods, there has been limited comprehensive analysis with a substantial sample size from a single medical center aimed at minimizing bias. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at a single tertiary academic hospital, analyzing data from patients who underwent surgery for intertrochanteric fractures between January 2005 and December 2021. The study focused on comparing surgeryrelated parameters, postoperative local complications, medical complications, and mortality between patients treated with CMN and those treated with DHS. Results: A total of 475 patients with a minimum follow-up of 3 months were enrolled. The mean (standard deviation) age of patients treated with CMN (77.0 ± 10.7 years) was older compared to those treated with DHS (73.0 ± 12.2 years; p < 0.001). Overall, CMN demonstrated significantly better outcomes in reducing operation time (52.7 minutes vs. 88.2 minutes, p < 0.001), estimated blood loss (EBL) (138.3 mL vs. 305.9 mL, p < 0.001), intra- and postoperative transfusion packs (0.6 vs. 0.9, p = 0.006), and length of hospital stay (12.0 days vs. 20.3 days, p < 0.001), with similar findings in the unstable subgroups. However, in stable fracture cases, CMN showed superiority only in operation time and EBL (operation time: 49.6 minutes vs. 76.5 minutes, p < 0.001; EBL: 103.8 mL vs. 254.8 mL, p < 0.001). No differences were noted in postoperative outcomes including local complications, medical complications, and mortality. Conclusions Patients treated with CMN experienced no differences in postoperative outcomes including local and medical complications or mortality compared to DHS-treated patients. CMN reduced operation time, EBL, number of intraoperative and postoperative transfusion packs, and length of hospital stay, especially in patients with unstable intertrochanteric fractures. In conclusion, with comparable postoperative complications and mortality, CMN demonstrated superior perioperative efficiency, supporting its growing recommendation over DHS for the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures.

Background: The prevalence of intertrochanteric fractures is increasing with the aging population. Two surgical treatments, cephalomedullary nailing (CMN) and dynamic hip screw (DHS), have been widely utilized; however, recent trends indicate growing preference for CMN. While several studies have compared these 2 surgical methods, there has been limited comprehensive analysis with a substantial sample size from a single medical center aimed at minimizing bias. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at a single tertiary academic hospital, analyzing data from patients who underwent surgery for intertrochanteric fractures between January 2005 and December 2021. The study focused on comparing surgeryrelated parameters, postoperative local complications, medical complications, and mortality between patients treated with CMN and those treated with DHS. Results: A total of 475 patients with a minimum follow-up of 3 months were enrolled. The mean (standard deviation) age of patients treated with CMN (77.0 ± 10.7 years) was older compared to those treated with DHS (73.0 ± 12.2 years; p < 0.001). Overall, CMN demonstrated significantly better outcomes in reducing operation time (52.7 minutes vs. 88.2 minutes, p < 0.001), estimated blood loss (EBL) (138.3 mL vs. 305.9 mL, p < 0.001), intra- and postoperative transfusion packs (0.6 vs. 0.9, p = 0.006), and length of hospital stay (12.0 days vs. 20.3 days, p < 0.001), with similar findings in the unstable subgroups. However, in stable fracture cases, CMN showed superiority only in operation time and EBL (operation time: 49.6 minutes vs. 76.5 minutes, p < 0.001; EBL: 103.8 mL vs. 254.8 mL, p < 0.001). No differences were noted in postoperative outcomes including local complications, medical complications, and mortality. Conclusions Patients treated with CMN experienced no differences in postoperative outcomes including local and medical complications or mortality compared to DHS-treated patients. CMN reduced operation time, EBL, number of intraoperative and postoperative transfusion packs, and length of hospital stay, especially in patients with unstable intertrochanteric fractures. In conclusion, with comparable postoperative complications and mortality, CMN demonstrated superior perioperative efficiency, supporting its growing recommendation over DHS for the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures.