The Ilizarov fixator allows significantly more axial motion at the fracture site than the conventional monofixators. But the transfixing wires have inevitable problems of soft tissue impalement. Therefore the Rancho mounting technique, replacing the transfixing wires with half pins, has become a common place. But the increment of the axial stiffness secondary to replacing transfixing wires with half pins has not been defined clearly yet. The authors measured the axial stiffness of the Ilizarov fixator and two different configurations of the Rancho frame. The group I frame was the Ilizarov fixator composed of four rings and two transfixing wires on each ring. The group II frame was the Rancho frame and it was constructed same as the Ilizarov frame but a transfixing wire was replaced with a half pin from two central rings respectively. The group III frame was another type of Rancho frame which was constructed same as the second group but the remaining transfixing wire was replaced with a half pin from the two central rings respectively. The axial stiffness of the Group I , II and Group III frames were 71.54+/-7.21N/mm, 89.65+/-6.42N/mm, 101.01+/-7.92N/mm respectively. The axial stiffness difference between the Group I frame and the Group II frame was statistically significant(p<0.01). Also the difference between the Group I frame and the Group III frame was statistically significant(p<0.01). This study shows that the replacement of two transfixing wires with two stainless half pins resulted in significant increment of the axial stiffness of the Ilizarov frame.

No abstract available.
Hyperparathyroidism, Primary*

No abstract available.
Somatoform Disorders*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Erythrocytes*

No abstract available.
Erythrocytes*

No abstract available.
Erythrocytes*

A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for detection of the pathogenic Yersinia pestis from other Yersinia spp. was developed. Five Y. pestis strains, ninety-two other Yersinia species and twenty-four Enterobacteriaceae strains were collected in Korea and from other countries. Oligonucleotide primers were designed from pathogenic gene of antiphagocytic protein capsule gene (fra 1) and plasminogen activator gene (pla). The 428 bp DNA fragment was amplified from five Y. pestis which contained the fra I gene. No product was amplified from other Yersinia species and other strains of the Enterobacteriaceae. The 439 bp DNA fragment was amplified from three K pestis which contained the pla gene. No product was amplified from two Y. pestis, other Yersinia species and other strains of the Enterobacteriaceae. These showed that the designed primers were specific for detection of Y. pestis among other Yersinia species and Enterobacteriaceae strains. Amplification was successful whether the template was derived from purified DNA or from aliquots of boiled bacterial suspension. The detection limits were 100 pg of DNA and 100 colony forming units (CFU) for fra I and 100 pg DNA and 10 CFU for pla, respectively. Our results prove that the PCR method using specific primers for Y. pestis is a rapid and convenient procedure for routine clinical detection and identification of Y. pestis.
DNA ; DNA Primers ; Enterobacteriaceae ; Korea ; Limit of Detection ; Plasminogen Activators ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Stem Cells ; Yersinia pestis* ; Yersinia*

PURPOSE: To analyze the dynamic MR imaging of breast fibroadenoma according to the histologic type for differentiation from breast carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dynamic MR images of 26 lesions from 22 breasts in 19 patients showing atypical clinical features or film mammogram and ultrasound manifestations were performed. We analyzed the speed and the maximal amount of contrast enhancement and the patterns, such as shape, border, and internal signal intensity, among the histologic types during five minutes after contrast injection. RESULTS: The speed and maximal amount of contrast enhancement of fibroadenoma were in descending order of myxoid, sclerotic, glandular, and calcified types. Among these, the value of maximal amount of contrast enhancement of myxoid and sclerotic type were more than 700 NU, but only myxoid type was enhanced more than 700NU within the first 1 minute after contrast injection, similar to the findings of carcinoma. In general, fibroadenoma showed the tendency of smooth surface(69%), well-defined border(88%) with safety rim, and internal homogeneous signal intensity(65%). However, sclerotic type of fibroadenoma had relatively high incidence of heterogeneous internal signal intensity(78%) after Gd-DTPA injection. CONCLUSION: Dynamic MR imaging of atypical breast fibroadenoma mimicking breast malignancy was very useful in differentiation it from carcinoma and had the benefit of classifying fibroadenoma according to its histologic types.
Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Fibroadenoma* ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Humans ; Incidence ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Health Promotion*