BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma is the second most common cause of death among cancers in Korea. Epidemiological studies have revealed the carrier state of the hepatitis B virus and the dietary intake of aflatoxin B1 as possible causative agents of this neoplasm, but the precise molecular bases are still unknown. METHODS: We examined 24 cases of human hepatocellular carcinomas in Koreans for the presence of p53 aberrations in exons 4 to 9 of the gene by using single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products. RESULTS: Four (17%) of the tumors demonstrated a SSCP band shift, 1 in exon 6 and 3 in exon 7. All of the abnormal DNA fragments were further characterized by direct DNA sequencing. All the mutations were missense mutations. One was an A to G transition at the second nucleotide of codon 214; 2 were G to T transversions at the second nucleotide of codon 245; and one was a G to T transversion at the third nucleotide of codon 249, a mutational 'hot spot' at which mutations have been frequently found, especially when aflatoxin B1 plays an important role in the hepatocarcinogenesis. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the possibility of aflatoxin B1 being a causative agent of hepatocarcinogenesis in Korea can not be excluded.
Aflatoxin B1 ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Carrier State ; Cause of Death ; Codon ; DNA ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Exons ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor* ; Hepatitis B virus ; Humans ; Korea ; Mutation, Missense ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to examine the association of metabolic syndrome (MS) coronary heart disease (CHD) with socioeconomic status (SES). METHODS: The participants were 2,170 (631 men and 1,539 women), aged over 40 years who had visited for health screening from April to December in 2009. We classified them into three SES levels according to their education and income levels. MS was defined using the criteria of modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III and CHD risk was defined using Framingham risk score (FRS) > or = 10%. RESULTS: High, middle, and low SES were 12.0%, 73.7%, and 14.3%, respectively. The prevalence of MS was 18.1%. For high, middle, and low SES, after adjusted covariates (age, drinking, smoking, and exercise), odds ratios for MS in men were 1.0, 1.41 (confidence interval [CI], 0.83 to 2.38; P > 0.05), and 1.50 (CI, 0.69 to 3.27; P > 0.05), respectively and in women were 1.0, 1.74 (CI, 1.05 to 3.18; P < 0.05), and 2.81 (CI, 1.46 to 2.43; P < 0.05), respectively. The prevalence of FRS > or = 10% was 33.5% (adjusted covariates were drinking, smoking, and exercise) and odds ratios for FRS > or = 10% in men were 1.0, 2.86 (CI, 1.35 to 6.08; P < 0.001), and 3.12 (CI, 1.94 to 5.00; P < 0.001), respectively and in women were 1.0, 3.24 (CI, 1.71 to 6.12; P < 0.001), and 8.80 (CI, 4.50 to 17.23; P < 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSION: There was an inverse relationship between SES and FRS > or = 10% risk in men, and an inverse relationship between SES and both risk of MS and FRS > or = 10% in women.
Adult ; Aged ; Cholesterol ; Coronary Disease ; Drinking ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Social Class

Squamous cell carcinoma of the nail bed is a low grade, slowly progressive, malignant neoplasm. A 66-year-old man had nail lesion on his right thumbnail for two years. After partial nail avulsion, an incisional biopsy was done. The histologic diagnosis was a squamous cell carcinoma. A radiological examination of digit was normal and no lymphadenopathy was palpable. The lesion was totally excised and surgical defect of nail bed was reconstructed by dermal graft. There was no recurrence of tumor till one year after surgery and out-look of nail recovered almost normal. When the underlying malignancy is suspected, it is necessary to examine the nail bed after partial nail avulsion. And application of dermal graft may be useful procedure for regeneration of nail plate when there is a large nail bed defect after excision.
Aged ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Recurrence ; Regeneration ; Transplants*

Squamous cell carcinoma of the nail bed is a low grade, slowly progressive, malignant neoplasm. A 66-year-old man had nail lesion on his right thumbnail for two years. After partial nail avulsion, an incisional biopsy was done. The histologic diagnosis was a squamous cell carcinoma. A radiological examination of digit was normal and no lymphadenopathy was palpable. The lesion was totally excised and surgical defect of nail bed was reconstructed by dermal graft. There was no recurrence of tumor till one year after surgery and out-look of nail recovered almost normal. When the underlying malignancy is suspected, it is necessary to examine the nail bed after partial nail avulsion. And application of dermal graft may be useful procedure for regeneration of nail plate when there is a large nail bed defect after excision.
Aged ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Recurrence ; Regeneration ; Transplants*

Granulocytic sarcoma is an uncommon extramedullary tumor composed of granulocytic precursor cells such as myeloblasts or monoblasts. These tumor were originally called chloroman because of the green color imparted by the heavy concentration of the myeloperoxidase present in myelogenous leukemic cells. The tumor usually develops during the course of myelogenous leukemia or myeloproliferative disorders and may represent the initial manifestation of leukemia. Rarely, granulocytic sarcoma is recognized as an isolated tumor without any evidence of leukemia. We report a case of a 21-year-old man who was diagnosed as granulocytic sarcoma of right kidney after complete remission of acute myelocytic leukemia.
Granulocyte Precursor Cells ; Humans ; Kidney* ; Leukemia ; Leukemia, Myeloid ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute* ; Monocyte-Macrophage Precursor Cells ; Myeloproliferative Disorders ; Peroxidase ; Sarcoma, Myeloid* ; Young Adult

Background: The prevalence of depression is much higher in people with chronic disease than in the general population. Depression exacerbates existing physical conditions, resulting in a higher-than-expected death rate from the physical condition itself. In our aging society, the prevalence of multimorbid patients is expected to increase; the resulting mental problems, especially depression, should be considered. Using a large-scale cohort from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA), we analyzed the combined effects of depression and chronic disease on all-cause mortality. Methods: We analyzed 10-year (2006–2016) longitudinal data of 9,819 individuals who took part in the KLoSA, a nationwide survey of people aged 45–79 years. We examined the association between multimorbidity and depression using chi-square test and logistic regression. We used the Cox proportional hazard model to determine the combined effects of multimorbidity and depression on the all-cause mortality risk. Results: During the 10-year follow up, 1,574 people (16.0%) died. The hazard ratio associated with mild depression increased from 1.35 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–1.73) for no chronic disease to 1.25 (95% CI, 0.98–1.60) for 1 chronic disease, and to 2.00 (95% CI, 1.58–2.52) for multimorbidity. The hazard ratio associated with severe depression increased from 1.73 (95% CI, 1.33–2.24) for no chronic disease, to 2.03 (95% CI, 1.60–2.57) for 1 chronic disease, and to 2.94 (95% CI, 2.37–3.65) for multimorbidity. Conclusion Patients with coexisting multimorbidity and depression are at an increased risk of all-cause mortality than those with chronic disease or depression alone.

Background: The prevalence of depression is much higher in people with chronic disease than in the general population. Depression exacerbates existing physical conditions, resulting in a higher-than-expected death rate from the physical condition itself. In our aging society, the prevalence of multimorbid patients is expected to increase; the resulting mental problems, especially depression, should be considered. Using a large-scale cohort from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA), we analyzed the combined effects of depression and chronic disease on all-cause mortality. Methods: We analyzed 10-year (2006–2016) longitudinal data of 9,819 individuals who took part in the KLoSA, a nationwide survey of people aged 45–79 years. We examined the association between multimorbidity and depression using chi-square test and logistic regression. We used the Cox proportional hazard model to determine the combined effects of multimorbidity and depression on the all-cause mortality risk. Results: During the 10-year follow up, 1,574 people (16.0%) died. The hazard ratio associated with mild depression increased from 1.35 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–1.73) for no chronic disease to 1.25 (95% CI, 0.98–1.60) for 1 chronic disease, and to 2.00 (95% CI, 1.58–2.52) for multimorbidity. The hazard ratio associated with severe depression increased from 1.73 (95% CI, 1.33–2.24) for no chronic disease, to 2.03 (95% CI, 1.60–2.57) for 1 chronic disease, and to 2.94 (95% CI, 2.37–3.65) for multimorbidity. Conclusion Patients with coexisting multimorbidity and depression are at an increased risk of all-cause mortality than those with chronic disease or depression alone.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between leisure time physical activities (LTPA) and metabolic syndrome (MS). METHODS: Five thousand seven hundred and thirty two adults 40 years old or older were enrolled in the study from April 2009 to December 2010. National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III was used for the criteria of MS, and Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to measure LTPA. After adjusted covariates (age, hypertension, smoking, drinking, education level, household income level, work time physical activities, and menopause for females), the relationship between LTPA and MS was analyzed using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of MS was 22.8% in men, and 14.1% in women. Average LTPA was 1,498 kcal/wk in men, and 1,308 kcal/wk in women. After adjustment for covariates, the odds ratios of middle and low LTPA compared with high LTPA were 1.06 (0.87-1.34), 1.54 (1.08-1.75), for women, this same association was not seen in men. The prevalence of MS was 22.8% in men and 14.1% in women, and their LTPA burned 1,498 and 1,308 kcal/wk, respectively. When the odds ratio of MS for the high LTPA group was set at 1.0, the odds ratio of MS was 1.06 (0.87-1.34) in the middle LTPA group and 1.54 (1.08-1.75) in the low LTPA group in women, which showed that the MS risk increased when the LTPA was lower. This same association was not seen in men. CONCLUSION: LTPA was independently associated with metabolic syndrome, but only for women.
Adult ; Burns ; Cholesterol ; Drinking ; Education ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Leisure Activities* ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Menopause ; Minnesota ; Motor Activity* ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Smoke ; Smoking

No abstract available.
Administration, Intravesical* ; Photochemotherapy* ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Administration, Intravesical* ; Photochemotherapy* ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*